C# 文件操作
简介
大致思路：
1.定义一个IFileBase接口，提供文件基本操作，各个文件操作基于它来实现接口。
2.定义FileHelper类，类中定义一个接口变量 IFileBase file用于不同文件操作
3.不同文件类：XMLHalper，INIHalper，JsonHalper实现IFileBase接口对不同文件进行操作
一、IFileBase接口
代码如下：
public interface IFileBase
{
/// <summary>
/// 写文件
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="tableName"></param>
/// <param name="id"></param>
/// <param name="data"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
short Write<T>(string tableName, string id, T data);
/// <summary>
/// 写文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path"></param>
/// <param name="Section"></param>
/// <param name="Key"></param>
/// <param name="Value"></param>
short WriteINI(string path, string Section, string Key, string Value);
/// <summary>
/// 读取文件
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="tablename"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
short Read<T>(string tablename,ref T Value);
/// <summary>
/// 读取文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="tablename">路径名</param>
/// <param name="id">节点名</param>
/// <param name="Key">键名</param>
/// <returns></returns>
short ReadINI(string tablename, string id, string Key,ref string data);
}
二、FileHelper文件操作类
不涉及文件的具体操作，只用设置对应的文件类型，调用接口即可
public enum FileType
{
INIFile=0,
XMLFile,
JSONFile,
}
代码如下：
public class FileHelper : IFileHalperBase
{
public FileType type = FileType.INIFile;
IFileBase file = new INIHalper();
public FileHelper()
{
}
public FileHelper(FileType fileType)
{
type = fileType;
switch (fileType)
{
case FileType.INIFile:
file = new INIHalper();
break;
case FileType.XMLFile:
file = new XMLHalper();
break;
case FileType.JSONFile:
file = new JsonHalper();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
public void SetType(string dbType)
{
type = (FileType)Enum.Parse(typeof(FileType),dbType);
switch (type)
{
case FileType.INIFile:
file = new INIHalper();
break;
case FileType.XMLFile:
file = new XMLHalper();
break;
case FileType.JSONFile:
file = new JsonHalper();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
public short Read<T>(string tablename, string id, ref T data)
{
return file.Read<T>(tablename, ref data);
}
public short Write<T>(string tableName, string id, T data)
{
if (!File.Exists(tableName))
{
File.Create(tableName);
}
return file.Write<T>(tableName, id, data);
}
public short Write<T>(string tableName, string id, List<T> data)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public short ReadList<T>(string tablename, ref List<T> data)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public short ReadINI(string tablename, string id, string Key, ref string Value)
{
return file.ReadINI(tablename, id, Key, ref Value);
}
public short WriteINI(string path, string Section, string Key, string Value)
{
if (!File.Exists(path))
{
return -1;
}
return file.WriteINI(path, Section, Key, Value);
}
}
三、不同类型文件操作接口实现
1.INI文件
代码如下：
class INIHalper : IFileBase
{
#region **************INIFileHelper****************
[DllImport("kernel32")]
private static extern long WritePrivateProfileString(string section, string key, string val, string filePath);
[DllImport("kernel32")]
private static extern int GetPrivateProfileString(string section, string key, string def, StringBuilder retVal, int size, string filePath);
[DllImport("kernel32")]
private static extern int GetPrivateProfileString(string section, string key, string defVal, Byte[] retVal, int size, string filePath);
/// <summary>
/// 写INI文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Section"></param>
/// <param name="Key"></param>
/// <param name="Value"></param>
public void IniWriteValue(string path, string Section, string Key, string Value)
{
WritePrivateProfileString(Section, Key, Value, path);
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取INI文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Section">INI文件中的一个字段名</param>
/// <param name="Key">键名</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string IniReadValue(string path,string Section, string Key)
{
StringBuilder temp = new StringBuilder(255);
int i = GetPrivateProfileString(Section, Key, "", temp, 255, path);
return temp.ToString();
}
public byte[] IniReadValues(string path,string section, string key)
{
byte[] temp = new byte[255];
int i = GetPrivateProfileString(section, key, "", temp, 255, path);
return temp;
}
/// <summary>
/// 反序列化
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
T Deserialize<T>(ref T Value,string path)
{
Type tInfo = Value.GetType();
string section = tInfo.Name;
foreach (PropertyInfo p in tInfo.GetProperties())
{
string key = p.Name;
string iniValue = IniReadValue(path, section, key);
if (iniValue == string.Empty)
{
PropertyInfo pd = Value.GetType().GetProperty(key);
iniValue = pd.GetValue(Value, null) as string;
}
//string v = p.PropertyType == null ? "" : p.PropertyType.ToString();
//object value = iniValue.Format(p.PropertyType);
object value = Convert.ChangeType(iniValue, p.PropertyType);
p.SetValue(Value, value, null);
}
return Value;
}
/// <summary>
/// 序列化保存
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool Serialize<T>(T Value, string path)
{
Type tInfo = Value.GetType();
string section = tInfo.Name;
foreach (PropertyInfo p in tInfo.GetProperties())
{
string key = p.Name;
object value = p.GetValue(Value, null);
string v = value == null ? "" : value.ToString();
IniWriteValue(path,section, key, v);
}
return true;
}
/// <summary>
/// 删除ini文件下所有段落
/// </summary>
public void ClearAllSection(string path)
{
IniWriteValue (path,null, null, null);
}
/// <summary>
/// 删除ini文件下personal段落下的所有键
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Section"></param>
public void ClearSection(string path,string Section)
{
IniWriteValue(path,Section, null, null);
}
#endregion
public short ReadINI(string tablename, string id, string Key ,ref string value)
{
short ret = 0;
try
{
value = IniReadValue(tablename, id, Key);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ret = -1;
}
return ret;
}
public short WriteINI(string path, string Section, string Key, string Value)
{
short ret = 0;
try
{
IniWriteValue( path, Section, Key, Value);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ret = -1;
}
return ret;
}
public short Read<T>(string tablename, ref T Value)
{
short ret = 0;
try
{
Deserialize<T>(ref Value, tablename);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ret = -1;
}
return ret;
}
short FileBase.Write<T>(string tableName, string id, T data)
{
short ret = 0;
try
{
Serialize<T>(data, tableName);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ret = -1;
}
return ret;
}
}
2.XML文件
代码如下：
class XMLHalper : IFileBase
{
#region ***************XMLFileHelper***************
/// <summary>
/// 文件化XML序列化
/// </summary>
/// <param name="obj">对象</param>
/// <param name="filename">文件路径</param>
public static bool Save(object obj, string filename)
{
bool ret = false;
FileStream fs = null;
try
{
fs = new FileStream(filename, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.ReadWrite);
XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(obj.GetType());
serializer.Serialize(fs, obj);
ret = true;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ret = false;
throw ex;
}
finally
{
if (fs != null) fs.Close();
}
return ret;
}
/// <summary>
/// 文件化XML反序列化
/// </summary>
/// <param name="type">对象类型</param>
/// <param name="filename">文件路径</param>
public static object Load(Type type, string filename=null)
{
FileStream fs = null;
try
{
fs = new FileStream(filename, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite);
XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(type);
return serializer.Deserialize(fs);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
}
finally
{
if (fs != null) fs.Close();
}
}
#endregion
public short Write<T>(string tableName, string id, T data)
{
short ret = 0;
try
{
if (!Save(data, tableName))
{
ret = -1;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ret = -1;
}
return ret;
}
public short Read<T>(string tablename, ref T Value)
{
short ret = 0;
try
{
object o = Load(Value.GetType(), tablename);
Value = (T)Convert.ChangeType(o, Value.GetType());
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ret = -1;
}
return ret;
}
public short WriteINI(string path, string Section, string Key, string Value)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public short ReadINI(string tablename, string id, string Key, ref string data)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
}
2.Json文件
代码如下：
class JsonHalper : IFileBase
{
public short Save<T>(string path, T data)
{
short ret = 0;
try
{
var jsonSetting = new JsonSerializerSettings { NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Ignore };
//Json.NET序列化
string jsonData = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(data, Newtonsoft.Json.Formatting.Indented, jsonSetting);
//保存数据
File.WriteAllText(path, jsonData);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ret = -1;
}
return ret;
}
public short Load<T>(string path,ref T data)
{
short ret = 0;
try
{
//读取数据
string jsonsting = File.ReadAllText(path);
//反序列化
data = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(jsonsting);//反序列化
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ret = -1;
}
return ret;
}
public short Load<T>(string path, ref List<T> data)
{
short ret = 0;
try
{
//读取数据
string jsonsting = File.ReadAllText(path);
//反序列化
data = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<T>>(jsonsting);//反序列化
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ret = -1;
}
return ret;
}
public short Read<T>(string tablename, ref T Value)
{
return Load<T>(tablename, ref Value);
}
public short Write<T>(string tableName, string id, T data)
{
return Save<T>(tableName,data);
}
public short ReadINI(string tablename, string id, string Key, ref string data)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public short WriteINI(string path, string Section, string Key, string Value)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
}
总结
这样做是为了方便直接将类转存至文件，以及文件转换出类型，不足是部分数据类型如字典，不支持XML，INI直接序列化 需要自己做处理。
这样做添加新的文件操作类型时需要在添加修改
public FileHelper(FileType fileType)
{
type = fileType;
switch (fileType)
{
case FileType.INIFile:
file = new INIHalper();
break;
case FileType.XMLFile:
file = new XMLHalper();
break;
case FileType.JSONFile:
file = new JsonHalper();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
可以换为构造函数直接传参的方式
public FileHelper(IFileBase fileType)
{
file =fileType;
}