程序清单3.1 limits.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <climits>  //头文件climits中包含了关于整型限制的信息。

int main()
{
    using namespace std;

    int n_int = INT_MAX;        //INT_MAX为int的最大取值。
    short n_short = SHRT_MAX;   //SHRT_MAX为short的最大取值。
    long n_long = LONG_MAX;     //Long_MAX为long的最大取值。

    cout << "int is " << sizeof(int) << " bytes." << endl;      /*sizeof返回类型或变量的长度，单位为字节。
 * （操作符是内置的语言元素，对一个或多个数据进行运算，并生成一个值。）*/
    cout << "short is " << sizeof(n_short) << " bytes." << endl;
    cout << "long is " << sizeof(long) << " bytes." << endl << endl;

    cout << "Maximum values:" << endl;
    cout << "int: " << n_int << endl;
    cout << "short: " << n_short << endl;
    cout << "long: " << n_long << endl << endl;

    cout << "Minimum int value = " << INT_MIN << endl;
    cout << "Bits per byte = " << CHAR_BIT << endl;     //CHAR_BIT为字节的位数。

    return 0;
}