spring boot提供对mq消息队列支持amqp相关包,引入即可:
- <!-- rabbit mq -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
- </dependency>
属性配置文件application.properties:
- #rabbitmq
- spring.rabbitmq.host=127.0.0.1
- spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
- spring.rabbitmq.username=root
- spring.rabbitmq.password=root
RabbitMq配置类,配置连接工厂以及操作对象:
- @Configuration
- @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.rabbitmq")
- public class RabbitMQConfiguration {
- private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(RabbitMQConfiguration.class);
- private String host;
- private int port;
- private String username;
- private String password;
- // 链接信息
- @Bean
- public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory() {
- CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory(host, port);
- connectionFactory.setUsername(username);
- connectionFactory.setPassword(password);
- connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
- connectionFactory.setPublisherConfirms(true);
- logger.info("Create ConnectionFactory bean ..");
- return connectionFactory;
- }
- @Bean
- @Scope(ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE)
- public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate() {
- RabbitTemplate template = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory());
- return template;
- }
- //省略getter setter
- }
定义Service接口如下:
暂时不考虑延时队列,定义发送消息接口
- /**
- *
- * @author victor
- * @desc 消息队列服务接口
- */
- public interface IMessageQueueService {
- /**
- * 发送消息到队列
- * @param queue 队列名称
- * @param message 消息内容
- */
- public void send(String queueName,String message);
- }
Service实现
- package com.ks.server.service.impl.queue;
- import org.springframework.amqp.AmqpException;
- import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
- import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessagePostProcessor;
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
- import com.base.common.codec.JSONUtils;
- import com.ks.common.constant.MQConstant;
- import com.ks.common.service.queue.IMessageQueueService;
- import com.ks.modal.queue.DLXMessage;
- /**
- *
- * @author victor
- * @desc 消息队列服务接口实现
- */
- @Service("messageQueueService")
- public class MessageQueueServiceImpl implements IMessageQueueService{
- @Autowired
- private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
- @Override
- public void send(String queueName, String msg) {
- rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(MQConstant.DEFAULT_EXCHANGE,queueName, msg);
- }
- }
相关常量类:
- package com.ks.common.constant;
- /**
- *
- * @author victor
- * @desc Rabbit消息队列相关常量
- */
- public final class MQConstant {
- private MQConstant(){
- }
- //exchange name
- public static final String DEFAULT_EXCHANGE = "KSHOP";
- //DLX QUEUE
- public static final String DEFAULT_DEAD_LETTER_QUEUE_NAME = "kshop.dead.letter.queue";
- //DLX repeat QUEUE 死信转发队列
- public static final String DEFAULT_REPEAT_TRADE_QUEUE_NAME = "kshop.repeat.trade.queue";
- //Hello 测试消息队列名称
- public static final String HELLO_QUEUE_NAME = "HELLO";
- }
到现在为止,队列相关配置,以及使用以及封装完成,接下来是创建队列,
这里我是单独创建一个配置类,用于队列配置, 创建Hello队列示例如下:
- package com.ks.ons.config;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.Map;
- import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
- import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
- import org.springframework.amqp.core.DirectExchange;
- import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
- import com.ks.common.constant.MQConstant;
- /**
- *
- * @author victor
- * @desc 队列配置
- */
- @Configuration
- public class QueueConfiguration {
- //信道配置
- @Bean
- public DirectExchange defaultExchange() {
- return new DirectExchange(MQConstant.DEFAULT_EXCHANGE, true, false);
- }
- /********************* hello 队列 测试 *****************/
- @Bean
- public Queue queue() {
- Queue queue = new Queue(MQConstant.HELLO_QUEUE_NAME,true);
- return queue;
- }
- @Bean
- public Binding binding() {
- return BindingBuilder.bind(queue()).to(defaultExchange()).with(MQConstant.HELLO_QUEUE_NAME);
- }
- }
通过配置队列bean,在程序启动时会在rabbitmq中创建相关队列,启动程序,可以在rabbtmq管理界面看到信道和队列信息:
众所周知,既然有了队列,用来处理业务的最终还是需要消费者,消费者创建示例如下:
- package com.ks.ons.processor.hello;
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
- import com.ks.common.constant.MQConstant;
- /**
- *
- * @author victor
- * @desc hello 消息队列消费者
- */
- @Component
- @RabbitListener(queues = MQConstant.HELLO_QUEUE_NAME)
- public class HelloProcessor {
- @RabbitHandler
- public void process(String content) {
- System.out.println("接受消息:" + content);
- }
- }
注入service
- @Autowired
- private IMessageQueueService messageQueueService;
发送消息
- messageQueueService.send(MQConstant.HELLO_QUEUE_NAME, "测试发送消息");
接下来展示如何实现延时队列,在此之前如果读者像我一样对rabbitmq队列了解程度并不深入的话,-->推荐文章, 可以对rabbitmq延时队列实现思路有大概了解.
在本文中,主要是通过rabbitmq的DLX特性来实现发送延时队列:
思路如下:
客户端:指具体往MQ发生消息端, 客户端将消息内容进行自定义包装, 将消息中附带目标队列名称。如:客户端向队列Q1发送字符串“hello” , 延时时间为60秒, 包装后修改为{"queueName":"Q1","body": “hello”},此时,将消息发送到DLX死信队列,而非Q1队列,并将消息设置为60秒超时。
DLX:死信队列,用来存储有超时时间信息的消息, 并且可以设置当消息超时时,转发到另一个指定队列(此处设置转发到router), 无消费者,当接收到客户端消息之后,等待消息超时,将消息转发到指定的Router队列
Router: 转发队列,用来接收死信队列超时消息, 如上示例消息,在接收到之后,消费者将消息解析,获取queueName,body,再向所获取的queueName队列发送一条消息,内容为body.
Q1,Q2,Q3.: 用户业务队列,当Q1收到hello,已经是60秒之后,再进行消费
修改上面代码 , 新增两个队列,
死信队列:存放发送的延时消息,
路由转发队列:用于接受死信消息死亡, 并将消息转发到业务目标队列
修改之后代码如下:
- /**
- *
- * @author victor
- * @desc 队列配置
- */
- @Configuration
- public class QueueConfiguration {
- //信道配置
- @Bean
- public DirectExchange defaultExchange() {
- return new DirectExchange(MQConstant.DEFAULT_EXCHANGE, true, false);
- }
- @Bean
- public Queue repeatTradeQueue() {
- Queue queue = new Queue(MQConstant.DEFAULT_REPEAT_TRADE_QUEUE_NAME,true,false,false);
- return queue;
- }
- @Bean
- public Binding drepeatTradeBinding() {
- return BindingBuilder.bind(repeatTradeQueue()).to(defaultExchange()).with(MQConstant.DEFAULT_REPEAT_TRADE_QUEUE_NAME);
- }
- @Bean
- public Queue deadLetterQueue() {
- Map<String, Object> arguments = new HashMap<>();
- arguments.put("x-dead-letter-exchange", MQConstant.DEFAULT_EXCHANGE);
- arguments.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key", MQConstant.DEFAULT_REPEAT_TRADE_QUEUE_NAME);
- Queue queue = new Queue(MQConstant.DEFAULT_DEAD_LETTER_QUEUE_NAME,true,false,false,arguments);
- System.out.println("arguments :" + queue.getArguments());
- return queue;
- }
- @Bean
- public Binding deadLetterBinding() {
- return BindingBuilder.bind(deadLetterQueue()).to(defaultExchange()).with(MQConstant.DEFAULT_DEAD_LETTER_QUEUE_NAME);
- }
- /********************* hello 队列 测试 *****************/
- @Bean
- public Queue queue() {
- Queue queue = new Queue(MQConstant.HELLO_QUEUE_NAME,true);
- return queue;
- }
- @Bean
- public Binding binding() {
- return BindingBuilder.bind(queue()).to(defaultExchange()).with(MQConstant.HELLO_QUEUE_NAME);
- }
- }
修改Service服务:
- package com.ks.common.service.queue;
- /**
- *
- * @author victor
- * @desc 消息队列服务接口
- */
- public interface IMessageQueueService {
- /**
- * 发送消息到队列
- * @param queue 队列名称
- * @param message 消息内容
- */
- public void send(String queueName,String message);
- /**
- * 延迟发送消息到队列
- * @param queue 队列名称
- * @param message 消息内容
- * @param times 延迟时间 单位毫秒
- */
- public void send(String queueName,String message,long times);
- }
- package com.ks.server.service.impl.queue;
- import org.springframework.amqp.AmqpException;
- import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
- import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessagePostProcessor;
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
- import com.base.common.codec.JSONUtils;
- import com.ks.common.constant.MQConstant;
- import com.ks.common.service.queue.IMessageQueueService;
- import com.ks.modal.queue.DLXMessage;
- /**
- *
- * @author victor
- * @desc 消息队列服务接口实现
- */
- @Service("messageQueueService")
- public class MessageQueueServiceImpl implements IMessageQueueService{
- @Autowired
- private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
- @Override
- public void send(String queueName, String msg) {
- rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(MQConstant.DEFAULT_EXCHANGE,queueName, msg);
- }
- @Override
- public void send(String queueName, String msg, long times) {
- DLXMessage dlxMessage = new DLXMessage(queueName,msg,times);
- MessagePostProcessor processor = new MessagePostProcessor(){
- @Override
- public Message postProcessMessage(Message message) throws AmqpException {
- message.getMessageProperties().setExpiration(times + "");
- return message;
- }
- };
- dlxMessage.setExchange(MQConstant.DEFAULT_EXCHANGE);
- rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(MQConstant.DEFAULT_EXCHANGE,MQConstant.DEFAULT_DEAD_LETTER_QUEUE_NAME, JSONUtils.toJson(dlxMessage), processor);
- }
- }
JSONUtils 为一个JSON工具类
新增消息实体,用于包装消息:
- package com.ks.modal.queue;
- import java.io.Serializable;
- /**
- *
- * @author victor
- * @desc rabbit 死信消息载体
- */
- public class DLXMessage implements Serializable {
- private static final long serialVersionUID = 9956432152000L;
- public DLXMessage() {
- super();
- }
- public DLXMessage(String queueName, String content, long times) {
- super();
- this.queueName = queueName;
- this.content = content;
- this.times = times;
- }
- public DLXMessage(String exchange, String queueName, String content, long times) {
- super();
- this.exchange = exchange;
- this.queueName = queueName;
- this.content = content;
- this.times = times;
- }
- private String exchange;
- private String queueName;
- private String content;
- private long times;
- //省略getter setter
- }
路由转发队列消费者实现,负责接收超时消息,进行转发:
- package com.ks.ons.processor.system;
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
- import com.base.common.codec.JSONUtils;
- import com.ks.common.constant.MQConstant;
- import com.ks.common.service.queue.IMessageQueueService;
- import com.ks.modal.queue.DLXMessage;
- /**
- *
- * @author victor
- * @desc 死信接收处理消费者
- */
- @Component
- @RabbitListener(queues = MQConstant.DEFAULT_REPEAT_TRADE_QUEUE_NAME)
- public class TradeProcessor {
- @Autowired
- private IMessageQueueService messageQueueService;
- @RabbitHandler
- public void process(String content) {
- DLXMessage message = JSONUtils.toBean(content, DLXMessage.class);
- messageQueueService.send(message.getQueueName(), message.getContent());
- }
- }
启动项目之后,管理界面如下:
测试代码片段:
- messageQueueService.send(MQConstant.HELLO_QUEUE_NAME,"测试延迟发送消息",60000);