using System;

 using System.Collections.Generic;

 using System.Linq;

 using System.Text;

 using System.Threading.Tasks;

 namespace ConsoleApplication1

 {

     class Program

     {

         //Enum Definition

         enum orientation : byte

         {

             north=,

             south=,

             east=,

             west=

         }

         //Structure Definition

         struct route

         {

             public orientation direction;

             public double distance;

         }

         static void Main(string[] args)

         {

             #region regionTest

             Console.WriteLine("From the beginning again.");

             Console.ReadLine();

             #endregion 

             //Type Conversion

             /* Keyword for OverflowException check: checked, unchecked

              * or you can configure the application:

              * 1) Right click the project in Solution Explorer panel,select 'Properties' from context menu

              * 2) Select 'Build' in the left navigation bar, click 'Advanced' button.

              * 3) Tick off 'Check for arithmetic overflow/underflow' checkbox, click 'OK'.

              */

             byte destinationVar;

             short sourcevar = ;

             destinationVar = checked((byte)sourcevar);      //will popup an error when running

             Console.WriteLine("destinationVar val:{0}", destinationVar);

             //Enum practice

             byte directionByte;

             string directionString;

             orientation myDirection = orientation.north;

             Console.WriteLine("myDirection = {0}",myDirection);

             directionByte = (byte)myDirection;  //must use explicit conversion even though it's of byte.

             //enum to string

             directionString = Convert.ToString(myDirection);

             directionString = myDirection.ToString();   // same rsult as the one above

             Console.WriteLine("byte equivalent = {0}",directionByte);

             Console.WriteLine("string equivalent={0}",directionString);

             //string to enum

             string myString = "east";

             orientation yourDirection = (orientation)Enum.Parse(typeof(orientation), myString);

             ////Struct practice

             route myRoute;

             int intDirection = -;

             double doubleDistence;

             Console.WriteLine("1) North\t2) South\t3) East\t4) West");

             do

             {

                 Console.WriteLine("Select a direction:");

                 intDirection = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

             } while (intDirection <  || intDirection > );

             Console.WriteLine("Input a distance:");

             doubleDistence = Convert.ToDouble(Console.ReadLine());

             myRoute.direction = (orientation)intDirection;

             myRoute.distance = doubleDistence;

             Console.WriteLine("myRoute specifies a direction of {0} and a distance of {1}.", myRoute.direction, myRoute.distance);

             //Array Definition

             int[] firstArrary = {,,,,};

             int[] secondArray=new int[];

             int[] thirdArrary = new int[] { ,,}; //the number should be the same.

             const int count = ;

             int[] forthArray = new int[count];

             //multidimensional array

             double[,] multiArray1 = new double[, ];

             double[,] multiArray2 = { {,},{,},{,}};

             //jagged array

             int[][] jaggedArray = new int[][];

             jaggedArray[]=new int[];

             jaggedArray[] = new int[];

             int[][] jaggedArray2 = { new int[]{,}, new int[]{}, new int[]{,}};

             foreach (int[] divisorsOfInt in jaggedArray2)

             {

                 foreach (int divisor in divisorsOfInt)

                 {

                     Console.WriteLine(divisor);

                 }

             }

             //String Manipulation

             string mystring = "Happy New Year";

             char[] mychars = mystring.ToCharArray();

             foreach (char character in mystring)

             {

                 Console.WriteLine("{0}", character);

             }

             Console.ReadLine();

         }

     }

 }