/*1、原型链继承*/
function SuperType() {
this.property = true;
}
SuperType.prototype.getSuperValue = function() {
return this.property;
};
function subType() {
this.subProperty = false;
}
//继承了SuperType
Subtype.prototype = new SuperType();
SubType.prototype.getSubValue = function() {
return this.subProperty;
}; var instance = new subType();
alert(instance.getSuperValue()); //true
/*
问题:包含引用类型值的原型属性会被所有实例属性共享。
原型链实现继承时,原型实际上是另一个类型的实例,
所以原先的实例属性变成了现在的原型属性。
*/
/*2、借用构造函数*/
function SuperType() {
this.colors = {"red", "blue", "green"};
}
function SubType() {
SuperType.call(this); //调用SuperType构造函数对SubType对象初始化,每个SubType实例都有SuperType所有属性和方法
} var instance1 = new SubType();
instance1.colors.push("black");
alert(instance1.colors); //"red,blue,green,black"
var instance2 = new SubType();
alert(instance2.colors); //"red,blue,green"
/*
问题:方法都在构造函数中定义,无复用性;超类型在原型中定义的方法对子类型不可见
*/
/*3、组合继承(原型链+借用构造函数)*/
function SuperType(name) {
this.name = name;
this.colors = {"red","blue","green"};
}
SuperType.prototype.sayName = function() {
alert(this.name);
};
function SubType(name,age) {
SuperType.call(this,name); //借用构造函数
this.age = age;
}
Subtype.prototype = new SuperType(); //原型链继承
Subtype.prototype.constructor = Subtype;
Subtype.prototype.sayAge = function() {
alert(this.age);
} var instance1 = new SubType("zcj",21);
instance1.colors.push("black"); //"red,blue,green,black"
instance1.sayName(); //"zcj"
instance1.sayAge(); // var instance2 = new SubType("Garg",27);
alert(instance2.colors); //"red,blue,green"
instance1.sayName(); //"Garg"
instance1.sayAge(); //
/*
说明:避免了原型链和借用构造函数的缺陷,融合了其优点,最常用的继承模式
*/
/*4、原型式继承*/
var person = {
name:"Nicholas",
friends:["Shelby","Court","Van"]
}; var anotherPerson = Object.creat("person");
anotherPerson.name = "Greg";
anotherPerson.friends.push("Rob"); var yetAnotherPerson = Object.creat("person");
anotherPerson.name = "Linda";
anotherPerson.friends.push("Barbie"); alert(person.friends); //"Shelby,Court,Van,Rob,Barbie"
/*
说明:利用Object.create()方法,将一个对象赋给新对象的原型并返回新对象,包含引用类型值的属性会共享相应的值(如原型模式一样)
*/
/*5、寄生式继承*/
function createAnother(original) {
var clone = object(original); //调用函数创建新对象
clone.sayHi = function() { //增强该对象
alert("hi");
};
return clone; //返回新建对象
}
var person = {
name:"Nicholas",
friends:["Shelby","Court","Van"]
}; var anotherPerson = createAnother(person);
anotherPerson.sayHi(); //"hi"
/*思路与工厂模式和寄生构造函数类似,能够返回新对象的函数(如object())接收一个对象作为参数.使用此方法由于不能做到函数的复用性而是效率降低(与构造函数模式类似)
*/
/*6、寄生组合式继承*/
function inheritPrototype(subtype,supertype) {
var prototype = supertype.prototype; //创建对象
prototype.constructor = subtype; //增强对象
subtype.prototype = prototype; //指定对象
}
function SuperType(name) {
this.name = name;
this.colors = ["red","blue","green"]
} SuperType.prototype.sayName = function() {
alert(this.name);
};
function SubType(name,age) {
SuperType.call(this,name); /*借用构造函数*/
this.age = age;
}
inheritPrototype(SubType,SuperType); /*继承原型函数,得到超类型副本*/
SubType.prototype.sayAge = function() {
alert(this.age);
}
var instance = new SubType("zcj", 21); /*只在这里调用了SuperType构造函数,在新对象上创建name和colors属性*/ /*
说明:相对于组合式继承效率更高。只调用了一次SuperType构造函数,避免了在subType.prototype上创建不必要的属性
*/