本文实例讲述了django框架使用模板。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

models.py：

    from django.db import models
    # Create your models here.
    class Book(models.Model):
      title=models.CharField(max_length=32,unique=True)
      price=models.DecimalField(max_digits=8,decimal_places=2,null=True)
      pub_date=models.DateField()
      publish=models.CharField(max_length=32)
      is_pub=models.BooleanField(default=True)
      authors=models.ManyToManyField(to="Author")
    class AuthorDetail(models.Model):
      gf=models.CharField(max_length=32)
      tel=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    class Author(models.Model):
      name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
      age=models.IntegerField()
      # 与AuthorDetail建立一对一的关系
      # ad=models.ForeignKey(to="AuthorDetail",to_field="id",on_delete=models.CASCADE,unique=True)
      #OneToOneField 表示创建一对一关系。on_delete=models.CASCADE 表示级联删除。假设a表删除了一条记录，b表也还会删除对应的记录
      ad=models.OneToOneField(to="AuthorDetail",to_field="id",on_delete=models.CASCADE,)
    
    

urls.py：

    from django.conf.urls import url
    from django.contrib import admin
    from app01 import views
    urlpatterns = [
      url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
      # url(r'',views.index),#这一条不能放上面，会造成死循环
      url(r'index/$',views.index),
      url(r'books/add/$',views.add),
      url(r'books/manage/',views.manage),
      url(r'books/delete/(?P<id>\d+)',views.delete),
      url(r'books/modify/(?P<id>\d+)',views.modify),
    ]
    
    

views.py：

    from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
    from app01 import models
    # Create your views here.
    def index(request):
      ret=models.Book.objects.all().exists()#True 和 False
      if ret:
        book_list=models.Book.objects.all()
        return render(request,'index.html',{'book_list':book_list})
      else:
        # hint='<script>alert("没有书籍，请添加书籍")；window.location.href="/books/add" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" </script>'
        hint='<script>alert("没有书籍，请添加书籍");window.location.href="/books/add/" rel="external nofollow" </script>'
        return HttpResponse(hint)
    def add(request):
      if request.method=="POST":
        title=request.POST.get("title")
        price=request.POST.get("price")
        pub_date=request.POST.get("pub_date")
        publish=request.POST.get("publish")
        is_pub=request.POST.get("is_pub")
        #插入一条记录
        obj=models.Book.objects.create(title=title,price=price,publish=publish,pub_date=pub_date,is_pub=is_pub)
        print(obj.title)
        hint = '<script>alert("添加成功");window.location.href="/index/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" </script>'
        return HttpResponse(hint)
      return render(request,"add.html")
    def manage(request):
      ret=models.Book.objects.all().exists()
      print(ret)
      if ret:
        book_list=models.Book.objects.all()
        return render(request,"manage.html",{"book_list":book_list})
      else:
        hint='<script>alert("没有书籍，请添加书籍");window.location.href="/books/add" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" </script>'
        return HttpResponse(hint)
    def delete(request,id):
      ret=models.Book.objects.filter(id=id).delete()
      print('删除记录%s'%ret)
      if ret[0]:
        hint='<script>alert("删除成功");window.location.href="/index/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" </script>'
        return HttpResponse(hint)
      else:
        hint='<script>alert("删除失败");window.location.href="/index/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" </script>'
        return HttpResponse(hint)
    def modify(request,id):
      if request.method=="POST":
        title=request.POST.get('title')
        price = request.POST.get("price")
        pub_date = request.POST.get("pub_date")
        publish = request.POST.get("publish")
        is_pub = request.POST.get("is_pub")
        # 更新一条记录
        ret = models.Book.objects.filter(id=id).update(title=title, price=price, publish=publish, pub_date=pub_date,
                                is_pub=is_pub)
        print('更新记录%s'%ret)
        if ret: # 判断返回值为1
          hint = '<script>alert("修改成功");window.location.href="/index/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" </script>'
          return HttpResponse(hint) # js跳转
        else: # 返回为0
          hint = '<script>alert("修改失败");window.location.href="/index/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" </script>'
          return HttpResponse(hint) # js跳转
      book=models.Book.objects.get(id=id)
      return render(request,"modify.html",{"book":book})
    
    

index.html:

    {% extends 'base.html' %}
    {% block title %}
      <title>查看书籍</title>
    {% endblock title %}
    {% block content %}
      <h3>查看书籍</h3>
      <table class="table table-hover table-striped ">
            <thead>
               <tr>
                 <th>名称</th>
                 <th>价格</th>
                 <th>出版日期</th>
                 <th>出版社</th>
                 <th>是否出版</th>
               </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
               {% for book in book_list %}
               <tr>
                 <td>{{ book.title }}</td>
                 <td>{{ book.price }}</td>
                 <td>{{ book.pub_date|date:"Y-m-d" }}</td>
                 <td>{{ book.publish }}</td>
                 <td>
                   {% if book.is_pub %}
                   已出版
                   {% else %}
                   未出版
                   {% endif %}
                 </td>
               </tr>
               {% endfor %}
            </tbody>
          </table>
    {% endblock content %}
    
    

add.html：

    {% extends 'base.html' %}
    {% block title %}
    <title>添加书籍</title>
    {% endblock title %}
    {% block content %}
    <h3>添加书籍</h3>
    <form action="" method="post">
       {% csrf_token %}
       <div class="form-group">
        <label for="">书籍名称</label>
        <input type="text" name="title" class="form-control">
      </div>
      <div class="form-group">
        <label for="">价格</label>
        <input type="text" name="price" class="form-control">
      </div>
      <div class="form-group">
         <label for="">出版日期</label>
        <input type="date" name="pub_date" class="form-control">
      </div>
      <div class="form-group">
         <label for="">出版社</label>
         <input type="text" name="publish" class="form-control">
      </div>
      <div class="form-group">
         <label for="">是否出版</label>
        <select name="is_pub" id="" class="form-control">
          <option value="1">已出版</option>
          <option value="0" selected="selected">未出版</option>
        </select>
      </div>
      <input type="submit" class="btn btn-success pull-right" value="添加">
    </form>
    {% endblock content %}
    
    

base.html:

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
      <meta charset="UTF-8">
      {% block title %}
      <title>Title</title>
      {% endblock title %}
      <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" >
      <style>
        * {
          margin: 0;
          padding: 0;
        }
        .header {
          width: 100%;
          height: 60px;
          background-color: #369;
        }
        .title {
          line-height: 60px;
          color: white;
          font-weight: 100;
          margin-left: 20px;
          font-size: 20px;
        }
        .container{
          margin-top: 20px;
        }
      </style>
    </head>
    <body>
    <div class="header">
      <p class="title">
        书籍操作
      </p>
    </div>
    <div class="container">
      <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-3">
          <div class="panel panel-danger">
            <div class="panel-heading"><a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/index/" rel="external nofollow" >查看书籍</a></div>
            <div class="panel-body">
              Panel content
            </div>
          </div>
          <div class="panel panel-success">
            <div class="panel-heading"><a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/books/add/" rel="external nofollow" >添加书籍</a></div>
            <div class="panel-body">
              Panel content
            </div>
          </div>
          <div class="panel panel-warning">
            <div class="panel-heading"><a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/books/manage/" rel="external nofollow" >管理书籍</a></div>
            <div class="panel-body">
              Panel content
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="col-md-9">
          {% block content %}
          {% endblock content %}
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    </body>
    </html>
    
    

manage.py：

    {% extends 'base.html' %}
    {% block title %}
      <title>管理书籍</title>
    {% endblock title %}
    {% block content %}
      <h3>管理书籍</h3>
    <table class="table table-hover table-striped ">
            <thead>
               <tr>
                 <th>名称</th>
                 <th>价格</th>
                 <th>出版日期</th>
                 <th>出版社</th>
                 <th>是否出版</th>
                 <th>删除</th>
                 <th>编辑</th>
               </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
               {% for book in book_list %}
               <tr>
                 <td>{{ book.title }}</td>
                 <td>{{ book.price }}</td>
                 <td>{{ book.pub_date|date:"Y-m-d" }}</td>
                 <td>{{ book.publish }}</td>
                 <td>
                   {% if book.is_pub %}
                   已出版
                   {% else %}
                   未出版
                   {% endif %}
                 </td>
                 <td>
                   <a href="/books/delete/{{ book.id }}" rel="external nofollow" >
                     <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" data-toggle="modal" id="modelBtn">删除</button>
                   </a>
                 </td>
                 <td>
                    <a href="/books/modify/{{ book.id }}" rel="external nofollow" >
                      <button type="button" class="btn btn-success" data-toggle="modal">编辑</button>
                    </a>
                 </td>
               </tr>
               {% endfor %}
            </tbody>
          </table>
    {% endblock content %}
    
    

modify.py:

    {% extends 'base.html' %}
    {% block title %}
    <title>修改书籍</title>
    {% endblock title %}
    {% block content %}
    <h3>修改书籍</h3>
    <form action="" method="post">
       {% csrf_token %}
       <div class="form-group">
        <label for="">书籍名称</label>
        <input type="text" name="title" class="form-control" value="{{ book.title }}">
      </div>
      <div class="form-group">
        <label for="">价格</label>
        <input type="text" name="price" class="form-control" value="{{ book.price }}">
      </div>
      <div class="form-group">
         <label for="">出版日期</label>
        <input type="date" name="pub_date" class="form-control" value="{{ book.pub_date|date:"Y-m-d" }}">
      </div>
      <div class="form-group">
         <label for="">出版社</label>
         <input type="text" name="publish" class="form-control" value="{{ book.publish }}">
      </div>
      <div class="form-group">
         <label for="">是否出版</label>
        <select name="is_pub" id="" class="form-control">
          {% if book.is_pub %}
            <option value="1" selected="selected">已出版</option>
            <option value="0">未出版</option>
          {% else %}
            <option value="1">已出版</option>
            <option value="0" selected="selected">未出版</option>
          {% endif %}
        </select>
      </div>
      <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default pull-right" value="修改">
    </form>
    {% endblock content %}
    
    

django使用一对多和多对多关系建表之后的增删改查

-------models.py-----

    from django.db import models
    # Create your models here.
    class Book(models.Model):
      title=models.CharField(max_length=32)
      price=models.DecimalField(max_digits=6,decimal_places=2)
      create_time=models.DateField()
      memo=models.CharField(max_length=32,default="")
      publish=models.ForeignKey(to="Publish",default=1)
      author=models.ManyToManyField("Author")#on_delete=models.CASCADE()默认级联删除
      def __str__(self):
        return self.title
    class Publish(models.Model):
      name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
      email=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    class Author(models.Model):
      name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
      def __str__(self): return self.name
    
    

-----urls.py----

    from django.conf.urls import url,include
    from django.contrib import admin
    from app01 import views
    urlpatterns = [
      url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), 
      url(r'^books/$',views.books), #查看
      url(r'^addbook/$',views.addbook), #增加
      url(r'^delbook/(\d+)/$',views.delbook), #删除
      url(r'editbook/(\d+)/$',views.editbook), #修改
    ]
    
    

----views.py 在app01下面-------

    from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect
    from .models import * 
    def books(request):
      book_list=Book.objects.all()
      return render(request,"books.html",locals())
    def addbook(request):
      if request.method=="POST":
        title=request.POST.get("title") #get方法取的是html页面中的name属性
        price= request.POST.get("price")
        date = request.POST.get("date")
        publish_id=request.POST.get("publish_id")
        # author_id_list = request.POST.get("author_id_list") #此方法只能取到最后一个值
        author_id_list = request.POST.getlist("author_id_list") #有多个值的注意要用getlist
        #绑定书籍与出版社一对多的关系
        obj=Book.objects.create(title=title,price=price,create_time=date,publish_id=publish_id)
        #绑定书籍与作者多对多的关系
        obj.author.add(*author_id_list)
        # obj.author.remove(1,2) #解除关系
        # obj.author.clear() #清空所有关系
        return redirect("/books/")
      else:
        publish_list=Publish.objects.all()
        author_list=Author.objects.all()
      return render(request,"addbook.html",locals())
    def delbook(request,id):
      Book.objects.filter(id=id).delete()
      return redirect("/books/")
    def editbook(request,id):
      if request.method=="POST":
        title=request.POST.get("title") #get方法取的是html页面中的name属性
        price=request.POST.get("price") 
        date=request.POST.get("date")
        publish_id=request.POST.get("publish_id")
        author_id_list=request.POST.getlist("author_id_list")
        Book.objects.filter(id=id).update(title=title,price=price,create_time=date,publish_id=publish_id)
        book=Book.objects.filter(id=id).first()
        # book.author.clear()
        # book.author.add(*author_id_list)
        book.author.set(author_id_list) #相当于上面两条
        return redirect ("/books/")
      edit_obj=Book.objects.filter(id=id).first() #加first从queryset得到 models对象
      publish_list = Publish.objects.all()
      author_list = Author.objects.all()
      return render(request,"editbook.html",locals())
    
    

----books.html----

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
      <meta charset="UTF-8">
      <title>Title</title>
      <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bs/css/bootstrap.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
    </head>
    <body>
    <div class="container" style="margin-top:100px">
      <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">
          <a href="/addbook/" rel="external nofollow" ><button class="btn btn-primary">添加数据</button></a>
          <table class="table table-bordered table-striped">
          <thead>
          <tr>
          <th>序号</th>
          <th>书名</th>
          <th>价格</th>
          <th>出版时间</th>
            <th>出版社</th>
            <th>作者</th>
            <th>操作</th>
          </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
          {% for book in book_list %}
            <tr>
              <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
              <td>{{ book.title }}</td>
              <td>{{ book.price }}</td>
              <td>{{ book.create_time|date:"Y-m-d" }}</td>
            <td>{{ book.publish.name }}</td>
            <td> {% for author in book.author.all %}
              {{ author.name }}
              {% if not forloop.last %}
                ,
              {% endif %}
              {% endfor %}
            </td>
            <td>
              <a href="/delbook/{{ book.pk }}/" rel="external nofollow" >删除</a>
              <a href="/editbook/{{ book.pk }}/" rel="external nofollow" >编辑</a>
            </td>
            </tr>
          {% endfor %}
          </tbody>
          </table>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    </body>
    </html>
    
    

-----addbook.html-----

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
      <meta charset="UTF-8">
      <title>Title</title>
      <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bs/css/bootstrap.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
    </head>
    <body>
    <div class="container" style="margin-top:100px">
      <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">
          <form action="/addbook/" method="post">
            {% csrf_token %}
            <p>书籍名称<input type="text" name="title"></p>
            <p>书籍价格<input type="text" name="price"></p>
            <p>出版日期<input type="text" name="date"></p>
            <p><select name="publish_id" id="">
              {% for publish in publish_list %}
              <option value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option>
              {% endfor %}
            </select>
            </p>
            <p><select name="author_id_list" id="" multiple>
              {% for author in author_list %}
              <option value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option>
              {% endfor %}
            </select>
            </p>
            <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default">
          </form>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    </body>
    </html>
    
    

-------editbook.html-----

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
      <meta charset="UTF-8">
      <title>Title</title>
      <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bs/css/bootstrap.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
    </head>
    <body>
    <div class="container" style="margin-top:100px">
      <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">
          <form action="/editbook/{{ edit_obj.id }}/" method="post">
            {% csrf_token %}
            <p>书籍名称<input type="text" name="title" value="{{ edit_obj.title }}"></p>
            <p>书籍价格<input type="text" name="price" value="{{ edit_obj.price }}"></p>
            <p>出版日期<input type="text" name="date" value="{{ edit_obj.create_time|date:"Y-m-d" }}"></p>
            <p><select name="publish_id" id="">
              {% for publish in publish_list %}
                {% if edit_obj.publish == publish %}
                <option selected value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option>
                {% else %}
                <option value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option>
                {% endif %}
              {% endfor %}
            </select>
            </p>
            <p><select name="author_id_list" id="" multiple>
              {% for author in author_list %}
                {% if author in edit_obj.author.all %}
                <option selected value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option>
                {% else %}
                <option value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option>
                {% endif %}
              {% endfor %}
            </select>
            </p>
            <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default">
          </form>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    </body>
    </html>

希望本文所述对大家基于Django框架的Python程序设计有所帮助。