一、环境准备（关闭防火墙）
1、清除已安装数据库
[root@mysql01 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.35-3.el7.x86_64
[root@mysql01 ~]# yum remove mariadb-libs-5.5.35-3.el7.x86_64
2、安装libaio-devel包
挂载光盘
配置yum仓库
[root@mysql01 yum.repos.d]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt
[root@mysql01 yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
[root@mysql01 yum.repos.d]# yum repolist all
[root@mysql01 yum.repos.d]# yum intall -y libaio-devel
3、创建用户及用户密码
[root@mysql01 ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@mysql01 ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql
[root@mysql01 ~]# passwd mysql
Changing password for user mysql.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
4、创建数据目录、日志目录，并修改目录所有者所属组
[root@mysql01 ~]# mkdir -p /data/3306/data
[root@mysql01 ~]# mkdir -p /data/3306/binlog
[root@mysql01 yum.repos.d]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data*
二、上传MySQL数据库安装包并解压
[root@mysql01 stage]# ll
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 664749587 Jun 9 20:46 mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@mysql01 stage]# gunzip mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@mysql01 stage]# ll
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2648074240 Jun 9 20:46 mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
[root@mysql01 stage]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
[root@mysql01 stage]# ll
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 4096 Jun 9 21:15 mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2648074240 Jun 9 20:46 mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
三、创建软连接，并修改数据库安装目录所有者所属组
[root@mysql01 stage]# ln -s /stage/mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
[root@mysql01 stage]# ll /usr/local/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Mar 13 2014 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Mar 13 2014 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Mar 13 2014 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Mar 13 2014 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Mar 13 2014 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Mar 13 2014 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Mar 13 2014 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 42 Jun 9 21:17 mysql -> /stage/mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Mar 13 2014 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 46 Mar 19 2019 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Mar 13 2014 src
[root@mysql01 stage]# ll /usr/local/mysql/
total 292
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 9 21:15 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 52 Jun 9 21:15 docs
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Jun 9 21:15 include
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 Jun 9 21:15 lib
-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 31415 276202 Dec 18 20:59 LICENSE
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 28 Jun 9 21:15 man
-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 31415 587 Dec 18 20:59 README
drwxr-xr-x. 28 root root 4096 Jun 9 21:15 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 86 Jun 9 21:15 support-files
四、修改环境变量并生效
[root@mysql01 stage]# vi /etc/profile
在文件末尾追加：
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
[root@mysql01 stage]# source /etc/profile
[root@mysql01 stage]# mysql -V
mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.29, for linux-glibc2.12 (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper
五、初始化
[root@mysql01 stage]# mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3306/data
六、编辑my.cnf参数文件
[root@mysql01 stage]# vi /etc/my3306.cnf
[mysqld]
user=mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/3306/data
log_bin=/data/3306/binlog
port=3306
server_id=1
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
[mysql]
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
七、启动数据库
[root@mysql01 stage]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my3306.cnf &
八、登陆数据库
[root@mysql01 stage]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.29-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
九、修改用户密码
alter user ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ identified by ‘newpassword‘;