docker-compose部署LNMP环境

2023-10-04 17:07:16

docker-compose部署LNMP环境

https://blog.csdn.net/xiazichenxi/article/details/95652457

目录

版本信息

OS: Ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS on Windows 10 x86_64
Docker version 20.10.12, build e91ed57
docker-compose version 1.28.4, build cabd5cfb
MySQL 5.7.37
PHP 7.0.33 (cli)
PHP 7.0.33 (fpm-fcgi)

创建compose_lnmp目录

# 结构如下
root@LAPTOP-JOK07HRH:/usr/src# tree -L 2 compose_lnmp/
compose_lnmp/
├── docker-compose.yml
└── php
    └── Dockerfile

1 directory, 2 files

# 进入目录
cd compose_lnmp

编辑 php/Dockerfile

  • 由于官方php-fpm镜像缺少一些扩展，所以要先用dockerfile构建新的镜像
  • 注意配置时区和mysql扩展
  • vi php/Dockerfile
FROM php:7.0-fpm
RUN cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime \
    && echo "Asia/Shanghai" > /etc/timezone
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
        libfreetype6-dev \
        libjpeg62-turbo-dev \
        libmcrypt-dev \
        libpng-dev \
        libmemcached-dev \
        zlib1g-dev \
        libcurl4-openssl-dev \
        libxml2-dev \
        --no-install-recommends && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
    && docker-php-ext-install -j$(nproc) \
        iconv mcrypt gettext curl mysqli pdo pdo_mysql zip \
        mbstring bcmath opcache xml simplexml sockets hash soap \
    && docker-php-ext-configure gd --with-freetype-dir=/usr/include/ --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/include/ \
    && docker-php-ext-install -j$(nproc) gd

CMD ["php-fpm", "-F"]

编辑docker-compose.yml

  • 官方推荐使用volume优于bind mount
  • volume默认存放在/var/lib/docker/volumes
  • vi docker-compose.yml
version: "3"

services:
  mysql:
    hostname: mysql
    restart: always
    image: mysql:5.7
    container_name: mysql
    ports:
      - "3306:3306"
    volumes:
      - mysql-config:/etc/mysql
      - mysql-log:/var/log/mysql
      - mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 123456
      MYSQL_USER: user
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: user123
      TZ: Asia/Shanghai

  php:
    hostname: php
    restart: always
    container_name: php
    build:
      context: ./php
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    ports:
      - "9000:9000"
    environment:
      TZ: Asia/Shanghai
    links:
      - mysql:mysql
    volumes:
      - nginx-html:/var/www/html
      - php-config:/usr/local/etc
  nginx:
    hostname: nginx
    restart: always
    container_name: nginx
    image: nginx:1.17.0
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
    environment:
      TZ: Asia/Shanghai
    links:
      - "php:php"
    volumes:
      - nginx-config:/etc/nginx
      - nginx-log:/var/log/nginx
      - nginx-html:/usr/share/nginx/html

volumes:
  mysql-config:
  mysql-log:
  mysql-data:
  nginx-html:
  php-config:
  nginx-config:
  nginx-log:

启动服务

docker-compose up -d   # 启动
docker-compose restart # 重启

数据持久化目录

  • /var/lib/docker/volumes
docker volume ls 			# 查看volume

compose_lnmp_mysql-config 	# 数据库配置文件
compose_lnmp_mysql-data 	# 数据库数据文件
compose_lnmp_mysql-log 		# 数据库日志
compose_lnmp_php-config 	# PHP配置文件
compose_lnmp_nginx-config	# nginx 配置文件
compose_lnmp_nginx-html 	# nginx web目录
compose_lnmp_nginx-log 		# nginx日志目录
metadata.db 				# volumes元数据信息

php配置文件

  • /var/lib/docker/volumes/compose_lnmp_php-config/_data
  • 默认的php.ini文件是没有的，需要手动把模板配置文件复制为php.ini
  • 同时修改时区
# 把模板配置文件复制为php.ini
cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/compose_lnmp_php-config/_data/php
cp php.ini-production php.ini

# 修改php.ini
vi php.ini
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

nginx配置

  • /var/lib/docker/volumes/compose_lnmp_nginx-config/_data/conf.d/default.conf
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;
    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm index.php;
    }
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }
    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_pass   php:9000; #这里php就是php容器的名字
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /var/www/html$fastcgi_script_name; #此处配置要注意，有坑
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}

异常处理记录

mysql5.6 启动失败，报错权限问题

容器 mysqld: Can't create/write to file '/tmp/iby6gPxz' (Errcode: 13 - Permission denied)

# 暂时将mysql版本改到5.7

mysql5.7 Warning: World-writable config file ‘/etc/my.cnf’ is ignored

ls -l /var/lib/docker/volumes/compose_lnmp_mysql-config/_data/my.cnf

# 文件为软连接，此次暂时这样解决一下
rm -f my.cnf && touch my.cnf

# 后续发现nginx的日志软连接到/dev/stdout，可能是wsl的问题，暂时解决一下
rm -f access.log error.log && touch access.log error.log

mysql5.7 Table ‘performance_schema.session_variables’ doesn’t exist 问题

https://www.cnblogs.com/linux90/p/12166959.html

performance_schema在mysql5.5以上就有自带

performance_schema（安装数据库时自带的）如果装数据库或者使用数据时不小心删除了，就会出现Table‘performance_schema.session_variables’ doesn’t exist的异常。

第一步：
# mysql_upgrade -uroot -p

第二步：
# docker-compose restart

mysql5.7 的docker logs时区问题

https://www.cnblogs.com/minseo/p/11364003.html

1、临时修改

# mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 127.0.0.1

mysql> show variables like "log_timestamps";
mysql> set global log_timestamps="SYSTEM";

mysql> show variables like "log_timestamps";
+----------------+--------+
| Variable_name  | Value  |
+----------------+--------+
| log_timestamps | SYSTEM |
+----------------+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

# 使用错误的密码登录一次产生日志再次查看日志时间对了

2、设置永久生效,修改MySQL配置文件my.cnf

# vi /var/lib/docker/volumes/compose_lnmp_mysql-config/_data/my.cnf

[mysqld]
log_timestamps=SYSTEM

# 重启容器
docker-compose restart

如果是使用docker-compose启动则需要修改配置文件添加以下内容

volumes:
      - ./mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d
      - ./mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
      - /etc/timezone:/etc/timezone:ro

PS：如果docker-compose已经启动则添加配置重启无效需要删除容器再重新up才能生效

docker-compose down
docker-compose up -d

测试验证

查看容器状态

  • docker container ls
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                     COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                  PORTS                                                                  NAMES
b7531773beaa        nginx:1.17.0              "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   14 minutes ago      Up 7 minutes            0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:443->443/tcp                               nginx
aaebabd0a32a        composelnmp_php           "docker-php-entrypoi…"   14 minutes ago      Up 7 minutes            0.0.0.0:9000->9000/tcp                                                 php
df7b8bd4975b        mysql:5.6                 "docker-entrypoint.s…"   14 minutes ago      Up 7 minutes            0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp                                                 mysql

验证mysql

[root@localhost ~]# docker container exec -it mysql bash 
root@mysql:/# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.44 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> select version();
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 5.6.44    |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

验证php访问

  • /var/lib/docker/volumes/compose_lnmp_nginx-html/_data/test.php
<?php phpinfo();

浏览器访问：http://localhost/test.php

验证mysql访问

# 主机填写主机ip，测试localhost和127.0.0.1都有报错
<?PHP
    $conn=mysqli_connect("172.23.52.104","user","user123");
    if($conn){
        echo"ok";
    }else{
        echo"error";
    }
?>

浏览器访问：http://localhost/testdb.php

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