初级美语 L95 A Balanced Diet 解析

一、Reading

Some people eat to live, but there are others who live to eat. To live a long and healthy life, we must learn to have a balanced diet. A balanced diet simply means a bit of everything. A diet which includes meat, fish, vegetables and fruit is, of course, ideal. If you watch your diet, then you won't have to suffer the pain of going on a diet.

二、解析

■ Some people eat to live, but there are others who live to eat.

  • 主:Some people
  • 谓:eat
  • 目状:to live,
  • 连:but
  • 表:there
  • 系:are
  • 主:others
  • 定从:who live to eat.
    • 关系词、主语:who
    • 谓:live
    • 目状:to eat.

■ To live a long and healthy life, we must learn to have a balanced diet.

  • 目状:To live a long and healthy life,
    • 虚词:To
    • 谓动:live
    • 定:a long and healthy
    • 宾:life,
  • 主:we
  • 谓:must learn
  • 宾:to have a balanced diet. (作名词短语使用)
    • 虚词:To
    • 谓动:have
    • 定:a balanced
    • 宾:diet.

live a ... life = lead a ... life:过着...的生活
(1)live 作不及物动词时,作“居住”解,之后接表场所的介词短语或副词。
(2)live 作及物动词时,表“过(某种)生活”之意,此时只能用 life(生活)作其宾语。

learn to + 动词原形:懂得...,学会...

learn 之后亦可接“how to + 动词原形”所形成的名词性短语作其宾语。
learn how to + 动词原形:学习如何...

■ A balanced diet simply means a bit of everything.

  • 定:A balanced
  • 主:diet
  • 状:simply,等同 just
  • 谓:means
  • 定:a bit of
  • 宾:everything.

simply:adv.简单地;就是
simply 表“就是”时,为了强调用法;在肯定句中,需置于被修饰的动词前;在否定句中,则置于助动词(如 don't、can't)之前。

mean:vt.意味;意欲
三态:mean、meant、meant
mean + n./that 引导的名从:指的是/意味着...
人 + mean + to + 动词原形=人 + intent + to + 动词原形:某人打算...

bit:n.有点,些许
a bit of + 名词:一点儿...(a bit of 在此处做形容词)
a bit + 形容词/副词:有一点...,稍微...(a bit 在此处作副词)

■ A diet which includes meat, fish, vegetables and fruit is, of course, ideal.

  • 主:A diet
  • 定从:which includes meat, fish, vegetables and fruit
    • 关系词、主:which
    • 谓:includes
    • 宾:meat, fish, vegetables and fruit
  • 系:is
  • 状:of course,
  • 表:ideal.

of course:当然
在本文中为插入语,置于 be 动词与补足语之间;本句亦可将 of course 置于句首。

■ If you watch your diet, then you won't have to suffer the pain of going on a diet.

  • 条状从:If you watch your diet,
    • 引导词:If
    • 主:you
    • 谓:watch
    • 宾:your diet,
  • 时态:一般将来时
  • 状:then
  • 主:you
  • 谓:won't have
  • 宾:to suffer the pain
    • 虚词:to
    • 谓动:suffer
    • 宾:the pain
  • 定:of going on a diet.

suffer:vt.遭受
suffer the pain of:遭受...之苦

go on a diet:节食,照规定饮食
be on a diet:在节食中

三、语法

(1)不定式短语作状语的用法。

详见教材讲解。

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