config文件读写操作（文字说明附加在程序中）
App.config文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
<!--自定义结点(为正常注册，将此节点放在第一)-->
<configSections>
<section name="Node1" type="Config.Test1,Config"/> <!--命名空间.类名,类名-->
<section name="Node2" type="Config.Test2,Config"/>
<section name="Node3" type="Config.Test3,Config"/>
<section name="Node4" type="Config.Test4,Config"/>
</configSections>
<Node1 Property1="属性1" Property2="属性2"></Node1>
<Node2>
<Property Property1="属性1" Property2="属性2"></Property>
</Node2>
<Node3>
<T1>
<!--CDATA可以包含比较长的字符串，且可以包含HTML代码段，这样针对特殊字符的存放也比较方便。-->
<![CDATA[
长字符串在此设置
]]>
</T1>
<T2>
<![CDATA[
<html><head>HTML代码</head></html>
]]>
</T2>
</Node3>
<Node4>
<add key="" value="test1"></add>
<add key="" value="test2"></add>
<add key="" value="test3"></add>
<add key="" value="test4"></add>
</Node4>
<!--connectionStrings连接数据库的配置-->
<connectionStrings>
<add name="ConString" connectionString="server=.;database=DB;uid=sa;pwd=123456"/>
<!--或 没有密码的连接-->
<!--add name="ConnStr" connectionString="Data Source=PC-201307122356\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=DZServe; Integrated Security=SSPI "/-->
</connectionStrings>
<!--appSettings连接数据库的配置或读取配置值-->
<appSettings>
<add key="AppString" value="server=.;database=DB;uid=sa;pwd=123456"/>
<!--或 没有密码的连接-->
<!--add key="AppString" value="Data Source=PC-201307122356\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=DZServe; Integrated Security=SSPI "/-->
</appSettings>
</configuration>
自定义结点1(Node1)的类Test1
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Configuration; namespace Config
{
//自定义一个Test类,以ConfigurationSection为基类，各个属性加上[ConfigurationProperty]
public class Test1:ConfigurationSection
{
[ConfigurationProperty("Property1")]
public string Property1
{
get { return this["Property1"].ToString(); }
set { this["Property1"] = value; }
} [ConfigurationProperty("Property2")]
public string Property2
{
get { return this["Property2"].ToString(); }
set { this["Property2"] = value; }
}
}
}
自定义结点2(Node2)的类Test2
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Configuration; namespace Config
{
public class Test2:ConfigurationSection
{
[ConfigurationProperty("Property",IsRequired=true)]
public SectionElement Property
{
get{ return (SectionElement)this["Property"];}
} public class SectionElement:ConfigurationElement
{
[ConfigurationProperty("Property1", IsRequired = true)]
public string Property1
{
get { return this["Property1"].ToString(); }
set { this["Property1"] = value; }
}
[ConfigurationProperty("Property2", IsRequired = true)]
public string Property2
{
get { return this["Property2"].ToString(); }
set { this["Property2"] = value; }
}
}
}
}
自定义结点3(Node3)的类Test3
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Configuration; namespace Config
{
public class Test3:ConfigurationSection
{
[ConfigurationProperty("T1", IsRequired = true)]
public MyTextElement T1
{
get { return (MyTextElement)this["T1"]; }
}
[ConfigurationProperty("T2", IsRequired = true)]
public MyTextElement T2
{
get { return (MyTextElement)this["T2"]; }
}
} public class MyTextElement : ConfigurationElement
{
[ConfigurationProperty("data",IsRequired=true)]
public string CommandText
{
get { return this["data"].ToString(); }
set { this["data"] = value; }
} //这里由我们控制对数据的读写操作，也就是要重载方法SerializeElement，DeserializeElement。
protected override void DeserializeElement(System.Xml.XmlReader reader, bool serializeCollectionKey)
{
CommandText = reader.ReadElementContentAs(typeof(string), null) as string;
} protected override bool SerializeElement(System.Xml.XmlWriter writer, bool serializeCollectionKey)
{
if (writer != null)
{
writer.WriteCData(CommandText);
}
return true;
} }
}
自定义结点4(Node4)的类Test4
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Configuration; namespace Config
{
public class Test4:ConfigurationSection
{
private static readonly ConfigurationProperty s_property =
new ConfigurationProperty(string.Empty, typeof(MyKeyValueCollection), null, ConfigurationPropertyOptions.IsDefaultCollection);
[ConfigurationProperty("", Options = ConfigurationPropertyOptions.IsDefaultCollection)]
public MyKeyValueCollection KeyValues
{
get { return (MyKeyValueCollection)base[s_property]; }
}
} [ConfigurationCollection(typeof(MyKeyValueSetting))]
public class MyKeyValueCollection:ConfigurationElementCollection //自定义一个集合
{
// 基本上，所有的方法都只要简单地调用基类的实现就可以了。
public MyKeyValueCollection()
: base(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase) //不区分大小写
{ } // 其实关键就是这个索引器。但它也是调用基类的实现，只是做下类型转就行了。
new public MyKeyValueSetting this[string name]
{
get
{
return (MyKeyValueSetting)base.BaseGet(name);
}
}
// 下面二个方法中抽象类中必须要实现的。
protected override ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement()
{
return new MyKeyValueSetting();
}
protected override object GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element)
{
return ((MyKeyValueSetting)element).Key;
} // 说明：如果不需要在代码中修改集合，可以不实现Add, Clear, Remove
public void Add(MyKeyValueSetting setting)
{
base.BaseAdd(setting);
}
public void Clear()
{
base.BaseClear();
}
public void Remove(string name)
{
base.BaseRemove(name);
}
} public class MyKeyValueSetting:ConfigurationElement //集合中的每个元素
{
[ConfigurationProperty("key", IsRequired = true)]
public string Key
{
get { return this["key"].ToString(); }
set { this["key"] = value; }
}
[ConfigurationProperty("value", IsRequired = true)]
public string Value
{
get { return this["value"].ToString(); }
set { this["value"] = value; }
}
}
}
读取配置信息
//connectionStrings结点验证
private void btnConnectionStrings_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//需添加System.configuration引用，引用—添加引用—.NET—System.configuration
string connectionStrings = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ConString"].ConnectionString;
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(connectionStrings))
{
connectionStrings = "没有读到数据！";
}
txbConRead.Text=connectionStrings;
} //AppStrings结点验证
private void btnAppSettings_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string appSettings = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["AppString"];
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(appSettings))
{
appSettings = "没有读到数据！";
}
txbAppRead.Text = appSettings;
}
#region 自定义结点读取 //第一种方式读取自定义结点
private void btnPro1Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Test1 test1 = (Test1)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node1");
txbPro11Read.Text = test1.Property1;
txbPro21Read.Text = test1.Property2;
}
//第二种方式读取自定义结点
private void btnPro2Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Test2 test2 = (Test2)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node2");
txbPro12Read.Text = test2.Property.Property1;
txbPro22Read.Text = test2.Property.Property2;
} //第三种方式读取自定义结点
private void btnPro3Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Test3 test3 = (Test3)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node3");
txbPro13Read.Text = test3.T1.CommandText.Trim();
txbPro23Read.Text = test3.T2.CommandText.Trim();
} //第四种方式读取自定义结点
private void btnPro4Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Test4 test4 = (Test4)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node4");
txbtest4Read.Text = string.Join("\r\n", (
from kv in test4.KeyValues.Cast<MyKeyValueSetting>()
let s = string.Format("{0}={1}", kv.Key, kv.Value)
select s).ToArray()
);
}
#endregion
写入配置信息
#region 自定义结点写入
/*
* 在修改配置节点前，我们需要调用ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration()，然后调用config.GetSection()在得到节点后，
* 转成我们定义的节点类型， 然后就可以按照强类型的方式来修改我们定义的各参数项，最后调用config.Save();即可。
* .net为了优化配置节点的读取操作，会将数据缓存起来，如果希望使用修改后的结果生效，您还需要调用ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection方法。
* 如果是修改web.config，则需要使用 WebConfigurationManager。
*/ //写入connectionStrings结点
private void btnConWrite_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//ConnectionStringSettings s = new ConnectionStringSettings("ConString1", "server=127.0.0.1;database=DB;uid=sa;pwd=123456");
//ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings.Add(s);
Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings["ConString"].ConnectionString = txbConWrite.Text;
config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);
ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("connectionStrings");
MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
txbConWrite.Text = "";
} //写入AppStrings结点
private void btnAppWrite_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
config.AppSettings.Settings["AppString"].Value = txbAppWrtite.Text;
config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);
ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("appSettings");
MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
txbAppWrtite.Text = "";
} //第一种方式写入自定义结点
private void btnPro1Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
Test1 test1 = config.GetSection("Node1") as Test1;
test1.Property1 = txbPro11Write.Text;
test1.Property2 = txbPro21Write.Text;
config.Save();
ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node1"); //刷新
MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
txbPro11Write.Text = "";
txbPro21Write.Text = "";
} //第二种方式写入自定义结点
private void btnPro2Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
Test2 test2 = config.GetSection("Node2") as Test2;
test2.Property.Property1 = txbPro12Write.Text;
test2.Property.Property2 = txbPro22Write.Text;
config.Save();
ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node2");//刷新
MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
txbPro12Write.Text = "";
txbPro22Write.Text = "";
} //第三种方式写入自定义结点
private void btnPro3Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
Test3 test3 = config.GetSection("Node3") as Test3;
test3.T1.CommandText = txbPro13Write.Text;
test3.T2.CommandText = txbPro23Write.Text;
config.Save();
ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node3");
MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
txbPro13Write.Text = "";
txbPro23Write.Text = "";
} //第四种方式写入自定义结点
private void btnPro4Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
Test4 test4 = config.GetSection("Node4") as Test4;
test4.KeyValues.Clear();
(
from s in txbtest4Write.Lines
let p = s.IndexOf('=')
where p >
select new MyKeyValueSetting { Key = s.Substring(, p), Value = s.Substring(p + ) }
).ToList()
.ForEach(kv => test4.KeyValues.Add(kv));
config.Save();
ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node4");
MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
txbtest4Write.Text = "";
}
#endregion
完整的读写方法
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Xml; namespace Config
{
public partial class ConfigCheck : Form
{
public ConfigCheck()
{
InitializeComponent();
} //connectionStrings结点验证
private void btnConnectionStrings_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//需添加System.configuration引用，引用—添加引用—.NET—System.configuration
string connectionStrings = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ConString"].ConnectionString;
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(connectionStrings))
{
connectionStrings = "没有读到数据！";
}
txbConRead.Text=connectionStrings;
} //AppStrings结点验证
private void btnAppSettings_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string appSettings = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["AppString"];
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(appSettings))
{
appSettings = "没有读到数据！";
}
txbAppRead.Text = appSettings;
}
#region 自定义结点读取 //第一种方式读取自定义结点
private void btnPro1Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Test1 test1 = (Test1)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node1");
txbPro11Read.Text = test1.Property1;
txbPro21Read.Text = test1.Property2;
}
//第二种方式读取自定义结点
private void btnPro2Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Test2 test2 = (Test2)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node2");
txbPro12Read.Text = test2.Property.Property1;
txbPro22Read.Text = test2.Property.Property2;
} //第三种方式读取自定义结点
private void btnPro3Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Test3 test3 = (Test3)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node3");
txbPro13Read.Text = test3.T1.CommandText.Trim();
txbPro23Read.Text = test3.T2.CommandText.Trim();
} //第四种方式读取自定义结点
private void btnPro4Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Test4 test4 = (Test4)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node4");
txbtest4Read.Text = string.Join("\r\n", (
from kv in test4.KeyValues.Cast<MyKeyValueSetting>()
let s = string.Format("{0}={1}", kv.Key, kv.Value)
select s).ToArray()
);
}
#endregion #region 自定义结点写入
/*
* 在修改配置节点前，我们需要调用ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration()，然后调用config.GetSection()在得到节点后，
* 转成我们定义的节点类型， 然后就可以按照强类型的方式来修改我们定义的各参数项，最后调用config.Save();即可。
* .net为了优化配置节点的读取操作，会将数据缓存起来，如果希望使用修改后的结果生效，您还需要调用ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection方法。
* 如果是修改web.config，则需要使用 WebConfigurationManager。
*/ //写入connectionStrings结点
private void btnConWrite_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//ConnectionStringSettings s = new ConnectionStringSettings("ConString1", "server=127.0.0.1;database=DB;uid=sa;pwd=123456");
//ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings.Add(s);
Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings["ConString"].ConnectionString = txbConWrite.Text;
config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);
ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("connectionStrings");
MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
txbConWrite.Text = "";
} //写入AppStrings结点
private void btnAppWrite_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
config.AppSettings.Settings["AppString"].Value = txbAppWrtite.Text;
config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);
ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("appSettings");
MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
txbAppWrtite.Text = "";
} //第一种方式写入自定义结点
private void btnPro1Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
Test1 test1 = config.GetSection("Node1") as Test1;
test1.Property1 = txbPro11Write.Text;
test1.Property2 = txbPro21Write.Text;
config.Save();
ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node1"); //刷新
MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
txbPro11Write.Text = "";
txbPro21Write.Text = "";
} //第二种方式写入自定义结点
private void btnPro2Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
Test2 test2 = config.GetSection("Node2") as Test2;
test2.Property.Property1 = txbPro12Write.Text;
test2.Property.Property2 = txbPro22Write.Text;
config.Save();
ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node2");//刷新
MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
txbPro12Write.Text = "";
txbPro22Write.Text = "";
} //第三种方式写入自定义结点
private void btnPro3Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
Test3 test3 = config.GetSection("Node3") as Test3;
test3.T1.CommandText = txbPro13Write.Text;
test3.T2.CommandText = txbPro23Write.Text;
config.Save();
ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node3");
MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
txbPro13Write.Text = "";
txbPro23Write.Text = "";
} //第四种方式写入自定义结点
private void btnPro4Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
Test4 test4 = config.GetSection("Node4") as Test4;
test4.KeyValues.Clear();
(
from s in txbtest4Write.Lines
let p = s.IndexOf('=')
where p >
select new MyKeyValueSetting { Key = s.Substring(, p), Value = s.Substring(p + ) }
).ToList()
.ForEach(kv => test4.KeyValues.Add(kv));
config.Save();
ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node4");
MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
txbtest4Write.Text = "";
}
#endregion }
}
效果图