canal同步mysql数据至es5.5.0

2022-09-18 10:26:42

系统环境：

  • canal-1.1.4
  • es 5.5.0
  • transport方式连接es

各项配置可以直接参考canal官方文档，由于1.1.4支持的es版本为6.x以上，其他版本需要替换依赖重新编译client-adapter.elasticsearch模块，以下为es5.5.0低版本兼容方案以及个人踩的坑。

依赖修改：

修改client-adapter模块的pom.xml，将es的依赖修改为es版本适配的5.5.0。

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
    <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
    <version>5.5.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
    <artifactId>transport</artifactId>
    <version>5.5.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
    <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-client</artifactId>
    <version>6.4.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
    <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
    <version>6.4.3</version>
</dependency>

由于5.5.0版本无rest-client，因此只修改transport相关版本，后续仅测试tcp连接es同步，rest不确定兼容性。

代码兼容：

ESConnection.java:


transportClient.addTransportAddress(new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName(host.substring(0, i)),
                    Integer.parseInt(host.substring(i + 1))));


修改为
transportClient.addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName(host.substring(0, i)),
                    Integer.parseInt(host.substring(i + 1))));

开始编译

mvn clean install -Dmaven.test.skip -Denv=release

rest兼容问题

问题1

[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:3.7.0:compile (default-compile) on project client-adapter.elasticsearch: Compilation failure: Compilation failure:
[ERROR] canal/client-adapter/elasticsearch/src/main/java/com/alibaba/otter/canal/client/adapter/es/support/ESTemplate.java:[502,75] 未报告的异常错误java.io.IOException; 必须对其进行捕获或声明以便抛出
[ERROR] canal/client-adapter/elasticsearch/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/client/RestHighLevelClientExt.java:[24,13] 方法引用无效

5.x版本的transportclient不兼容rest-client，注释掉rest导致的异常。

RestHighLevelClientExt::getMapping
    @Deprecated
    public static GetMappingsResponse getMapping(RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient,
                                                 GetMappingsRequest getMappingsRequest,
                                                 RequestOptions options) throws IOException,IllegalAccessException {
        throw new IllegalAccessException("es 5.x unsupport this method, use tcp mode");
    }


ESConnection::getMapping
        ...
        if (mode == ESClientMode.TRANSPORT) {
            ...
        } else {
            try {
                GetMappingsRequest request = new GetMappingsRequest();
                request.indices(index);
                GetMappingsResponse response;
                // try {
                // response = restHighLevelClient
                // .indices()
                // .getMapping(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
                // // 6.4以下版本直接使用该接口会报错
                // } catch (Exception e) {
                // logger.warn("Low ElasticSearch version for getMapping");
                response = RestHighLevelClientExt.getMapping(restHighLevelClient, request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
                // }


                mappings = response.mappings();
            } catch (NullPointerException e) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Not found the mapping info of index: " + index);
            } catch (IOException | IllegalAccessException e) {//此处增加一个异常捕获
                logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
                return null;
            }
            ...
        }

问题2

[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:3.7.0:compile (default-compile) on project client-adapter.elasticsearch: Compilation failure
[ERROR] canal/client-adapter/elasticsearch/src/main/java/com/alibaba/otter/canal/client/adapter/es/support/ESTemplate.java:[502,75] 未报告的异常错误java.io.IOException; 必须对其进行捕获或声明以便抛出

原因如下，getSourceAsMap方法在6.4.3抛出runtimeException（ElasticsearchParseException是子类），而5.5.0版本抛出IOException,需要显示捕获。

//6.4.3抛出的异常时runtimeException
public Map<String, Object> getSourceAsMap() throws ElasticsearchParseException {
    return this.sourceAsMap();
}
//5.5.0版本
public Map<String, Object> getSourceAsMap() throws IOException {
    return sourceAsMap();
}

修改ESTemplate的getEsType方法捕获异常即可

ESTemplate::getEsType


Map<String, Object> sourceMap = null;
try{
    sourceMap = mappingMetaData.getSourceAsMap();
}catch (IOException e){
    logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
    return null;
}

编译后，替换canal.adapter-1.1.4\plugin下的 client-adapter.elasticsearch-1.1.4-jar-with-dependencies.jar 文件。

执行deploy和adapter启动脚本即可。

配置问题

启动后报错：

2020-07-07 14:36:08.223 [main] INFO  org.elasticsearch.plugins.PluginsService - loaded plugin [org.elasticsearch.transport.Netty4Plugin]
2020-07-07 14:36:08.473 [main] ERROR c.a.o.canal.adapter.launcher.loader.CanalAdapterLoader - Load canal adapter: es failed
java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: unknown setting [mode] please check that any required plugins are installed, or check the breaking changes documentation for removed settings
        at com.alibaba.otter.canal.client.adapter.es.ESAdapter.init(ESAdapter.java:137)
        at com.alibaba.otter.canal.adapter.launcher.loader.CanalAdapterLoader.loadAdapter(CanalAdapterLoader.java:172)

查看canal源码，未发现抛出异常日志的代码，再搜索依赖的包，发现异常是es创建transportClient时抛出的异常，于是猜测是canal-adpapter配置中的某个mode参数被引入创建transportClient的setting中导致创建失败，于是注释掉，并重启。

      - name: es
        hosts: 127.0.0.1:9300 # 127.0.0.1:9200 for rest mode
        properties:
          #mode: transport # transport # or rest   //注释了这行，是1.1.4的坑，代码中properties下的所有配置都会被传入transportClient的setting中，rest模式则不会，所以transport模式除了cluster.name外的配置会导致es连接创建失败
          # security.auth: test:123456 #  only used for rest mode
          cluster.name: elasticsearch

测试：

重启后，向mysql插入数据后，adapter打印出日志

[pool-2-thread-1] INFO  c.a.o.canal.client.adapter.logger.LoggerAdapterExample - DML: {"data":[{"id":21,"name":"测试用户","time":null}],"database":"canal","destination":"example_instance","es":1594347777000,"groupId":null,"isDdl":false,"old":null,"pkNames":["id"],"sql":"","table":"class","ts":1594347777991,"type":"INSERT"}
[pool-2-thread-1] TRACE c.a.otter.canal.client.adapter.es.service.ESSyncService - Destination: example_instance, database:canal, table:class, type:INSERT, affected index count: 1
[pool-2-thread-1] TRACE c.a.otter.canal.client.adapter.es.service.ESSyncService - Prepared to sync index: canal_test, destination: example_instance
[pool-2-thread-1] TRACE c.a.otter.canal.client.adapter.es.service.ESSyncService - Single table insert to es index, destination:example_instance, table: class, index: canal_test, id: 21
[pool-2-thread-1] TRACE c.a.otter.canal.client.adapter.es.service.ESSyncService - Sync elapsed time: 1 ms,destination: example_instance, es index: canal_test
[pool-2-thread-1] TRACE c.a.otter.canal.client.adapter.es.service.ESSyncService - Sync completed: canal_test, destination: example_instance
[pool-2-thread-1] TRACE c.a.otter.canal.client.adapter.es.service.ESSyncService - Sync elapsed time: 2 ms, affected indexes count：1, destination: example_instance
[pool-2-thread-1] DEBUG c.a.otter.canal.client.adapter.es.service.ESSyncService - DML: {"data":[{"id":21,"name":"测试用户","time":null}],"database":"canal","destination":"example_instance","es":1594347777000,"groupId":null,"isDdl":false,"old":null,"pkNames":["id"],"sql":"","table":"class","ts":1594347777993,"type":"INSERT"}
Affected indexes: canal_test

查看es数据

curl 127.0.0.1:9200/canal_test/canal/21


{
"_index": "canal_test",
"_type": "canal",
"_id": "21",
"_version": 1,
"found": true,
"_source": {
"name": "测试用户"
}
}

小结：

  • canal-adapter不支持索引名，若有频繁全量构建需求则不适用该方案
  • 更新时查询不支持非数字类型主键（拼接SQL字符串导致）
  • 表的更新都会同步至es，一对多关联时，记录变更可能会触发索引批量更新，索引若存储快照数据则建议监听变更开发带业务逻辑的adapter

相关文档：

MySQL实时同步到Elasticsearch实现方案
canal官方文档

mysql启动binlog

canal增量同步mysql信息到ES

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