Oracle 11g静默安装简明版

2022-09-18 10:04:48

环境：RHEL 6.5 + Oracle 11.2.0.4

1. 初步处理应答文件
2. 静默安装软件
3. 静默安装监听
4. 静默dbca建库

说明：

本文默认安装软件前的步骤已经设置完毕

如果没有设置，可参考《Linux平台oracle 11g单实例安装部署配置快速参考》1,2,3,4步进行设置。
静默安装只是不调用图形界面安装，静默安装数据库依然是调用的dbca，并不是手工建库。

手工建库可参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/jyzhao/p/4635826.html
本次演示安装的规划目录

本次规划数据库软件安装目录：/u02/app/oracle

本次规划数据库存储目录：/u02/oradata

1. 初步处理应答文件

## 1.1 先备份原应答文件 ##

cd database/response

mkdir rspbak

cp *.rsp ./rspbak

1.2 删除应答文件中的注释行(以#开头)

#vi编辑替换或者直接使用sed命令快速替换

$ sed -i 's/^#.*$//g' *.rsp

1.3 刪除沒有內容的空行(^$)

#vi编辑替换或者直接使用sed命令快速替换

$ sed -i '/^$/d' *.rsp

2. 静默安装软件

## 2.1 编辑db_install.rsp文件 ##
$ more /u02/soft/database/response/db_install.rsp

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=JY-DB01

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u02/app/oraInventory

SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en

ORACLE_HOME=/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

ORACLE_BASE=/u02/app/oracle

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE

oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false

oracle.install.db.optionalComponents=oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.4.0,or

acle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.4.0

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=

oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=

oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=

oracle.install.db.racOneServiceName=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=

oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=

oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=

MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=

MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=

SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

PROXY_HOST=

PROXY_PORT=

PROXY_USER=

PROXY_PWD=

PROXY_REALM=

COLLECTOR_SUPPORTHUB_URL=

oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=

oracle.installer.autoupdates.downloadUpdatesLoc=

AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=

AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=

2.2 静默安装软件

$ cd /u02/soft/database/

$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -responseFile /u02/soft/database/response/db_install.rsp

安装成功应有的输出提示：

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB.   Actual 21313 MB    Passed

Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.   Actual 4015 MB    Passed

Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2015-11-30_11-40-10AM. Please wait ...[oracle@JY-DB01 database]$ [WARNING] [INS-13014] Target environment do not meet some optional requirements.

   CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2015-11-30_11-40-10AM.log

   ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2015-11-30_11-40-10AM.log. Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually.

You can find the log of this install session at:

 /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2015-11-30_11-40-10AM.log

The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful.

Please check '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2015-11-30_11-40-10AM.log' for more details.

As a root user, execute the following script(s):

        1. /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

Successfully Setup Software.

2.3 按提示root用户执行脚本

# /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

Check /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/install/root_JY-DB01_2015-11-30_11-48-22.log for the output of root script

注意：如果机器之前没有安装其他数据库，这里就应该是提示执行两个脚本，按具体提示执行即可。

2.4 配置环境变量

vi /home/oracle/jingyu

export ORACLE_SID=jingyu

export ORACLE_BASE=/u02/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

export NLS_LANG="american_america.ZHS16GBK"

export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:Mi:SS"

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/home/oracle/bin

echo "--------------------------"

echo "ORACLE_BASE"=$ORACLE_BASE

echo "ORACLE_HOME"=$ORACLE_HOME

echo "ORACLE_SID"=$ORACLE_SID

echo "--------------------------"

echo "NLS_LANG"=$NLS_LANG

echo "NLS_DATE_FORMAT"=$NLS_DATE_FORMAT

echo "LD_LIBRARY_PATH"=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

echo "PATH"=$PATH

echo "--------------------------"

执行source jingyu即可切换到新数据库环境变量

$ source jingyu

--------------------------

ORACLE_BASE=/u02/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME=/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

ORACLE_SID=jingyu

--------------------------

NLS_LANG=american_america.ZHS16GBK

NLS_DATE_FORMAT=YYYY-MM-DD HH24:Mi:SS

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib

PATH=/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/home/oracle/bin

--------------------------

注意：如果需要默认用户变量，则oracle用户配置~/.bash_profile文件。

3. 静默安装监听

## 3.1 编辑netca.rsp文件 ##
$ more /u02/soft/database/response/netca.rsp

[GENERAL]

RESPONSEFILE_VERSION="11.2"

CREATE_TYPE="CUSTOM"

[oracle.net.ca]

INSTALLED_COMPONENTS={"server","net8","javavm"}

INSTALL_TYPE=""typical""

LISTENER_NUMBER=1

LISTENER_NAMES={"LISTENER"}

LISTENER_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;1521"}

LISTENER_START=""LISTENER""

NAMING_METHODS={"TNSNAMES","ONAMES","HOSTNAME"}

NSN_NUMBER=1

NSN_NAMES={"EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA"}

NSN_SERVICE={"PLSExtProc"}

NSN_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;HOSTNAME;1521"}

3.2 静默创建监听

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca /silent /responsefile /u02/soft/database/response/netca.rsp

Parsing command line arguments:

    Parameter "silent" = true

    Parameter "responsefile" = /u02/soft/database/response/netca.rsp

Done parsing command line arguments.

Oracle Net Services Configuration:

Profile configuration complete.

Oracle Net Listener Startup:

    Running Listener Control:

      /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER

    Listener Control complete.

    Listener started successfully.

Listener configuration complete.

Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0

4. 静默dbca建库

## 4.1 编辑dbca.rsp文件 ##
$ more /u02/soft/database/response/dbca.rsp

[GENERAL]

RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"

OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"

[CREATEDATABASE]

GDBNAME = "jingyu"

SID = "jingyu"

TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"

[createTemplateFromDB]

SOURCEDB = "myhost:1521:orcl"

SYSDBAUSERNAME = "system"

TEMPLATENAME = "My Copy TEMPLATE"

[createCloneTemplate]

SOURCEDB = "orcl"

TEMPLATENAME = "My Clone TEMPLATE"

[DELETEDATABASE]

SOURCEDB = "orcl"

[generateScripts]

TEMPLATENAME = "New Database"

GDBNAME = "orcl11.us.oracle.com"

[CONFIGUREDATABASE]

[ADDINSTANCE]

DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "orcl11g.us.oracle.com"

NODELIST=

SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"

[DELETEINSTANCE]

DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "orcl11g.us.oracle.com"

INSTANCENAME = "orcl11g"

SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"

上面就可以成功建库，但绝大多数情况[CREATEDATABASE]下还需要指定一些其他参数，

因为默认的可能不符合实际要求，尤其是你创建的数据库字符集必须要按你的设计需求显示指定：

[CREATEDATABASE]

gdbName = "jingyu"

sid = "jingyu"

templateName = "General_Purpose.dbc"

characterSet = "ZHS16GBK"

memoryPercentage = "60"

emConfiguration = "LOCAL"

sysPassword = "oracle"

systemPassword = "oracle"

dbsnmpPassword = "oracle"

sysmanPassword = "oracle"

修改引用的通用模板General_Purpose.dbc

--本次规划数据库存储目录：/u02/oradata

# mkdir -p /u02/oradata && chown oracle:oinstall /u02/oradata

--修改模板

$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/assistants/dbca/templates/

$ cp General_Purpose.dbc General_Purpose.dbc.bak

--vi替换{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata为新的存储路径/u02/oradata

$ vi General_Purpose.dbc

:%s#{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata#/u02/oradata#g

--或者sed直接快速替换

sed -i 's#{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata#/u02/oradata#g' General_Purpose.dbc

4.2 静默创建数据库

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -responseFile /u02/soft/database/response/dbca.rsp

Enter SYS user password: 

Enter SYSTEM user password: 

Copying database files

1% complete

3% complete

11% complete

18% complete

26% complete

37% complete

Creating and starting Oracle instance

40% complete

45% complete

50% complete

55% complete

56% complete

60% complete

62% complete

Completing Database Creation

66% complete

70% complete

73% complete

85% complete

96% complete

100% complete

Look at the log file "/u02/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/jingyu/jingyu.log" for further details.

注意：如果已经在响应文件中配置sys和system密码，上面就不会提示你输入密码了。

4.3 静默删除数据库

$ dbca -silent -deleteDatabase -sourceDB jingyu -sysDBAUserName sys -sysDBAPassword oracle

Connecting to database

4% complete

9% complete

14% complete

19% complete

23% complete

28% complete

47% complete

Updating network configuration files

48% complete

52% complete

Deleting instance and datafiles

76% complete

100% complete

Look at the log file "/u02/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/jingyu.log" for further details.

至此，Oracle数据库静默安装相关内容已经完成。

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