paramiko

一、安装

pip3 install paramiko

二、使用

SSHClient

用于连接远程服务器并执行基本命令

1. 基于用户和密码链接

import paramiko

# 创建SSH对象

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机

ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

# 连接服务器

ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.224.136', port=22, username='zhangxunan', password='123456')

# 执行命令

stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('ls')

# 获取命令结果

result = stdout.read().decode()

print(result)

# 关闭连接

ssh.close()

SSHClient封装transport

import paramiko

transport = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.224.136', 22))

transport.connect(username='zhangxunan', password='123456')

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

ssh._transport = transport

stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')

print(stdout.read().decode())

transport.close()

基于公钥密钥连接：

import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/zhangxunan/.ssh/id_rsa')

# 创建SSH对象

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机

ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

# 连接服务器

ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.224.137', port=22, username='zhangxunan', key=private_key)

# 执行命令

stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')

# 获取命令结果

result = stdout.read().decode()

# 关闭连接

ssh.close()

SSHClient封装transport

import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/zhangxunan/.ssh/id_rsa')

transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname', 22))

transport.connect(username='zhangxunan', pkey=private_key)

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

ssh._transport = transport

stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')

transport.close()

SFTPClient

用于连接远程服务器并执行上传下载:

基于用户名密码上传下载：

import paramiko

transport = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.224.136',22))

transport.connect(username='zhangxunan',password='123456')

sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)

# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py

sftp.put('/tmp/location.py', '/tmp/test.py')

# 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path

sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path')

transport.close()

基于公钥密钥上传下载：

import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/zhangxunan/.ssh/id_rsa')

transport = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.224.137', 22))

transport.connect(username='zhangxunan', pkey=private_key )

sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)

# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py

sftp.put('/tmp/location.py', '/tmp/test.py')

# 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path

sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path')

transport.close()

例子：

多线程执行批量主机执行命令

import threading

import paramiko

class Anstack(object):

    def __init__(self,host,cmd):

        #host为变量

        self.host = host

        self.cmd = cmd

        self.port = 22

        self.username = 'root'

        self.pwd = '123456'

        self.run()

    def run(self):

        #执行方法

        self.connect()

        self._cmd()

        self.close()

    def connect(self):

        #链接方法

        transport = paramiko.Transport((self.host,self.port))

        transport.connect(username=self.username,password=self.pwd)

        self.__transport = transport

    def close(self):

        #关闭方法

        self.__transport.close()

    def _cmd(self):

        ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

        ssh._transport = self.__transport

        # 执行命令

        stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(self.cmd)

        # 获取命令结果

        result = stdout.read()

        print(result)

if __name__ == '__main__':

    args = ['192.168.1.1','192.168.1.2','192.168.1.3','192.168.1.4']

    cmd = input('您要执行的命令')

    for i in args:

        Execcmd = threading.Thread(target=Anstack, args=(i,cmd,))

        Execcmd.start()