Cocos2d-x 基础元素

2022-09-17 14:22:37

看过本章，然后实践之后，应该会掌握以下的认识：

1、Cocos2d-x引擎的基本运转过程

2、Cocos2d-x引擎的一些初始设置

3、对导演及图层及现实对象的认识

4、如何定义自己的显示对象

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font-size: 28px;
color: black; }

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color: black; }

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font-size: 18px; }

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1.引擎的运转

游戏设计的问题： 在游戏设计之初，我们就需要设置游戏是横屏的还是竖屏的。 展示图像的清晰度是多少？ 帧数？ 适配哪些屏幕？

在处理以上问题之前，我们需要了解引擎的运转是怎么样的？ （以后补充）

关于XCode设置游戏屏幕竖屏的方式：

Cocos2d-x 基础元素

2.显示对象

每一个节点对象都继承一个node节点对象。包含了设置节点对象的位置，旋转角度，缩放，锚点以及管理子对象的功能。

导演Director是单例类，是cocos2d的引擎的核心

Scene的切换由导演来处理。

在Cocos2d工程中的Resources文件夹下是放置图片、字体等资源的地方。
场景：scene，包含多个层

层：layer，包含多个精灵

精灵：Sprite

先删除掉官方的部分代码，保留下面的部分

bool HelloWorld::init()

{

    //////////////////////////////

    // 1. super init first

    if ( !Layer::init() )

    {

        return false;

    }

    Size visibleSize = Director::getInstance()->getVisibleSize();

    Vec2 origin = Director::getInstance()->getVisibleOrigin();

    return true;

}

然后把，需要的图片文件拷贝进工程中的Resources文件夹里

Cocos2d-x 基础元素

bool HelloWorld::init()

{

    //////////////////////////////

    // 1. super init first

    if ( !Layer::init() )

    {

        return false;

    }

    Size visibleSize = Director::getInstance()->getVisibleSize();

    Vec2 origin = Director::getInstance()->getVisibleOrigin();

    //1、创建一个精灵对象，并且绑定到资源图片文件

    auto logo = Sprite::create("logo.png");

    //2、设置精灵的大致位置

    logo->setPosition(visibleSize/2);

    //3、添加到场景中

    addChild(logo);

    return true;

}

其实我们不这么添加显示图片精灵，我们可以这样：

bool HelloWorld::init()

{

    //////////////////////////////

    // 1. super init first

    if ( !Layer::init() )

    {

        return false;

    }

    Size visibleSize = Director::getInstance()->getVisibleSize();

    Vec2 origin = Director::getInstance()->getVisibleOrigin();

    //1、先通过导演类获取纹理对象，然后通过纹理对象的添加图片方法

    auto img = Director::getInstance()->getTextureCache()->addImage("logo2.png");

    //2、获取纹理图片的尺寸

    auto logoSize = img->getContentSize();

    CCLOG("logo size:%f %f",logoSize.width,logoSize.height);

    //3、通过精灵类的加载纹理的方法创建精灵对象

    auto logo = Sprite::createWithTexture(img);

    logo->setPosition(visibleSize/2);

    //4、添加到场景中

    addChild(logo);

    return true;

}

下面通过layer图层对象调用添加加载好的三张图片

// on "init" you need to initialize your instance

bool HelloWorld::init()

{

    //////////////////////////////

    // 1. super init first

    if ( !Layer::init() )

    {

        return false;

    }

    Size visibleSize = Director::getInstance()->getVisibleSize();

    Vec2 origin = Director::getInstance()->getVisibleOrigin();

    auto layer1 = Layer::create();

    auto layer2 = Layer::create();

    auto layer3 = Layer::create();

    auto img1 = Sprite::create("layer1.png");

    auto img2 = Sprite::create("layer2.png");

    auto img3 = Sprite::create("layer3.png");

    img1->setAnchorPoint(Vec2(0, 0));

    img2->setAnchorPoint(Vec2(0, 0));

    img3->setAnchorPoint(Vec2(0, 0));

    layer1->addChild(img1);

    layer2->addChild(img2);

    layer3->addChild(img3);

    addChild(layer1);

    addChild(layer2);

    addChild(layer3);

    layer1->setPosition(Vec2(0, 20));

    layer2->setPosition(Vec2(50, 60));

    layer3->setPosition(Vec2(100, 100));

    return true;

}

这里有一个问题：6s的苹果手机可能坐标系统变化了。 最后我们通过一种方式切换场景：

// on "init" you need to initialize your instance

bool HelloWorld::init()

{

    //////////////////////////////

    // 1. super init first

    if ( !Layer::init() )

    {

        return false;

    }

    Size visibleSize = Director::getInstance()->getVisibleSize();

    Vec2 origin = Director::getInstance()->getVisibleOrigin();

    auto layer1 = Layer::create();

    auto layer2 = Layer::create();

    auto layer3 = Layer::create();

    auto img1 = Sprite::create("layer1.png");

    auto img2 = Sprite::create("layer2.png");

    auto img3 = Sprite::create("layer3.png");

    img1->setAnchorPoint(Vec2(0, 0));

    img2->setAnchorPoint(Vec2(0, 0));

    img3->setAnchorPoint(Vec2(0, 0));

    layer1->addChild(img1);

    layer2->addChild(img2);

    layer3->addChild(img3);

    addChild(layer1);

    addChild(layer2);

    addChild(layer3);

    layer1->setPosition(Vec2(0, 20));

    layer2->setPosition(Vec2(50, 60));

    layer3->setPosition(Vec2(100, 100));

    //需要计时器时间表切换layer

    schedule([visibleSize,this](float f){

        auto scene2 = Scene::create();

        auto scene2Layer=Layer::create();

        scene2->addChild(scene2Layer);

        auto logo= Sprite::create("logo2.png");

        logo->setPosition(visibleSize/2);

        scene2Layer->addChild(logo);

        Director::getInstance()->replaceScene(scene2);

    }, 3, "test");

    return true;

}

3.自定义显示对象

首先定义一个继承于Node的最基本的显示对象。 首先创建一个C++ File 的C++类，取名LogoNode，然后就有了LogoNode.h和LogoNode.cpp文件，因为需要使用cocos引擎，所以要在h文件中导入 include “cocos2d.h”，并且要导入它的命名空间，直接另一行写：USINGNSCC,

Cocos2d-x 基础元素

然后在LogoNode.cpp中完成头文件中public声明的方法

 #include "LogoNode.hpp"

//    1、构造函数主要目的是对刚刚两个成员变量进行初始化

LogoNode::LogoNode():_logo(nullptr),_cocoslogo(nullptr)

{

}

//    2、虚函数的析构函数则没有实现

LogoNode::~LogoNode(){

}

//    3、然后需要一个虚构函数的并且返回的是bool值得初始化函数

bool LogoNode::init(){

//    4、如果创建失败了，就停止创建

    if (!Node::init()) {

        return false

    }

//    5、创建Logo

    _logo = Sprite::create("logo.png");

    _cocoslogl = Sprite::create("logo2.png");

//    6、添加到显示列表，也就是当前的node中

    addChild(_logo);

    addChild(_cocoslogl);

    _cocoslogl->setVisible(false);

//    添加一个计时器

    schedule([this](float f){

        _logo->setVisible(!_logo->isVisible());

        _cocoslogl->setVisible(!_logo->isVisible());

    }, 1, "test");

    return true;

}

然后新建一个场景类，GameScene.hpp和GameScene.cpp文件，

GameScene.hpp代码如下：

 #ifndef GameScene_hpp

 #define GameScene_hpp

 #include <stdio.h>

 #include "cocos2d.h"

USING_NS_CC;

class GameScene:public Layer{

public:

    GameScene();

    virtual ~GameScene();

    virtual bool init();

    CREATE_FUNC(GameScene);

    static Scene* createScene();

};

 #endif /* GameScene_hpp */

GameScene.cpp代码如下：



 #include "GameScene.hpp"

 #include "LogoNode.hpp"

GameScene::GameScene()

{

}

GameScene::~GameScene()

{

}

bool GameScene::init()

{

    if (!Layer::init()) {

        return false;

    }

    auto logo = LogoNode::create();

    addChild(logo);

    //将logo设置在居中的位置

    logo->setPosition(Director::getInstance()->getVisibleSize()/2);

    return true;

}

Scene* GameScene::createScene()

{

    //创建一个空的场景

    auto scene = Scene::create();

    auto layer = GameScene::create();

    scene->addChild(layer);

    return scene;

}

最后我们回到AppDelegate.cpp文件中： 首先添加

#include "GameScene.hpp"

然后将后面之前的

// create a scene. it's an autorelease object

auto scene = HelloWorld::createScene();

改为

auto scene = GameScene::createScene();
 
 
 
 
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