6.SpringMVC注解启用

2022-09-17 13:56:35

SpringMVC注解可以帮助我们快速地注入属性和参数提高开发效率。

由于

有相当一部分人讨厌xml配置方式
注解可以覆盖 xml则不能
使用注解比xml规范化，因为很多注解都是java的规范的范畴,当你使用象jndi,或jpa这样规范化统一框架时不需要更改注解 ,xml则不行

缺点：

不利于维护，springmvc xml配置文件可以看清所有的mvc架构，易于维护，可读性强。

运行的错误：

严重: StandardWrapper.Throwable
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/portlet/PortletResponse

上述问题一般就是jar包引错或者是

解决方案：

你bean里是不是引入了一个InternalResourceViewResolver类，这个类的包是web.servlet,不是web.portlet;
<beans:bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

引入jar包

1.web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app version="2.5"

    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee

    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

  <welcome-file-list>

    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

  </welcome-file-list>

    <servlet>

    <!--基础配置有springMVC配置的servlet路径-->

    <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>

        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

        <!--如果需要加载其他地方的多个springMVC配置文件-->

           <init-param>

               <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

               <param-value>classpath*:config/SpringMVCAnnotation-servlet.xml</param-value>

               <!--classpath*代表在src下寻找config文件夹再在其中寻找以-servlet.xml文件结尾的文件-->

           </init-param>

           <!--配置加载顺序的，数字越低优先级越高-->

           <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>

        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>

        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern><!-- 拦截所有请求 -->

    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

web.xml

2.SpringMVCAnnotation-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

    xsi:schemaLocation="

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">

<!-- 注解开始 -->

<!--spring启动时的注解扫描包-->

    <context:component-scan base-package="annotation"></context:component-scan>

<!-- 两个bean的作用是根据url找类，根据类去找方法-->

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"></bean>

    <!-- 静态资源访问 -->

    <mvc:resources location="/img/" mapping="/img/**" />

    <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**" />

    <!--以上两句就是设置spring的拦截器不对img文件夹与js文件夹的文件进行拦截-->

    <!-- 视图解析器 -->

    <bean id="viewResolver"

        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

        <property name="prefix" value="/"></property> <!-- 前缀 -->

        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> <!-- 后缀 -->

    </bean>

</beans>

SpringMVCAnnotation.xml

3.UserController.java

package annotation;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller

public class UserController {

    //value指的是浏览器要请求的地址，method指的是请求的方式

    @RequestMapping(value="/user/addUser",method=RequestMethod.POST)

    public ModelAndView addUser(){

        String result ="---1.this is addUser---";

        return new ModelAndView("/annotation","result",result);

    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/user/delUser",method=RequestMethod.GET)

    public ModelAndView delUser(){

        String result ="---2.this is delUser---";

        return new ModelAndView("/annotation","result",result);

    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/user/toUser",method=RequestMethod.GET)

    public ModelAndView toUser(){

        String result ="---3.this is toUser---";

        return new ModelAndView("/touser","result",result);

    }

}

/*此处请注意，@Controller的使用。@RequestMapping(value="/user/addUser",method=RequestMethod.POST)中的value表示跳转路径，method表示通过哪种方式调用这个方法*/

Usercontroller.java

4.annotation.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<%

String path = request.getContextPath();

String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";

%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

  <head>

  </head>

  <body>

    <h1>SpringMVC注解1 <h1/><br>

    ${result}

  </body>

</html>

annotation.jsp

5.touser.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<%

String path = request.getContextPath();

String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";

%>  

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

  <head>

    <base href="<%=basePath%>">  

    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>

    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">

    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">

    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">

    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">

    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">

    <!--

    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">

    -->

  </head>  

  <body>

    <form action="/springMVC4/user/addUser" method="post">

    <h1>SpringMVC注解</h1>

    <br>

    ${result }

    <input type="submit"  value="post请求">

    </form>

  </body>

</html>

touser.jsp

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