ubuntu18 安装k8s

2022-09-17 09:20:34

1.前期工作

关闭swap

# 临时
swapoff  -a
# 永久
swapoff -a && sysctl -w vm.swappiness=0  # 关闭swap
sed -ri '/^[^#]*swap/s@^@#@' /etc/fstab  # 取消开机挂载swap

如果需要可以更改hostname 和hosts

2.安装docker

# step 1: 安装必要的一些系统工具
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -y install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
 
# step 2: 安装GPG证书
curl -fsSL http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
 
# Step 3: 写入软件源信息
sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"
 
# Step 4: 更新并安装 Docker-CE
sudo apt-get -y update
 
# Step 5: 查看支持安装的Docker版本
apt-cache madison docker-ce
 
# Step 6: 安装指定版本的docker-ce
sudo apt-get -y install docker-ce=5:19.03.13~3-0~ubuntu-bionic

更改docker 的cgroup

#修改daemon.json
vi /etc/docker/daemon.json
#添加如下属性
"exec-opts": [
    "native.cgroupdriver=systemd"
]

重启docker

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker
systemctl enable docker

3.安装k8s

apt-get update && apt-get install -y apt-transport-https
curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | apt-key add - 

cat <<EOF >/etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/ kubernetes-xenial main
EOF  

apt-get update
apt-get install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl

4.初始化master

kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=v1.22.2 --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --pod-network-cidr=192.168.31.150/24

保存好返回给你的kubeadm join命令
初始化完成，将需要执行的命令执行一下
接下来配置flannel网络

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

5. node节点加入集群

直接在Node节点上执行刚才保存的kubeadm join命令即可：

kubeadm join <control-plane-host>:<control-plane-port> --token <token> --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:<hash>

查看discovery-token-ca-cert

openssl x509 -pubkey -in /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt | openssl rsa -pubin -outform der 2>/dev/null | openssl dgst -sha256 -hex | sed 's/^.* //'`

查看token

kubeadm token list`

生成token

kubeadm token create`

重置

kubeadm reset 
rm -rf /etc/kubernetes/
rm -rf $HOME/.kube/config
rm -rf /etc/cni/net.d

移除

sudo kubeadm reset -f
sudo rm -rvf $HOME/.kube
sudo rm -rvf ~/.kube/
sudo rm -rvf /etc/kubernetes/
sudo rm -rvf /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d
sudo rm -rvf /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service
sudo rm -rvf /usr/bin/kube*
sudo rm -rvf /etc/cni
sudo rm -rvf /opt/cni
sudo rm -rvf /var/lib/etcd
sudo rm -rvf /var/etcd
sudo apt-get remove kube*

6.Kubernetes Dashboard

官方参考文档：
https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/web-ui-dashboard/

github项目地址：
https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard


kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml

查看

kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get pods
kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get svc

访问
使用nodeport方式将dashboard服务暴露在集群外，指定使用30443端口，可自定义：

kubectl  patch svc kubernetes-dashboard -n kubernetes-dashboard -p '{"spec":{"type":"NodePort","ports":[{"port":443,"targetPort":8443,"nodePort":30443}]}}'

查看暴露的service,已修改为nodeport类型：

kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get svc

浏览器访问dashboard：

https://<node_ip>:30443

Dashboard 支持 Kubeconfig 和 Token 两种认证方式，我们这里选择Token认证方式登录。

官方参考文档:https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/blob/master/docs/user/access-control/creating-sample-user.md
查看token

kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard describe secret $(kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}')

7.问题

k8s高可用集群 kube-flannel报错，从running-error-CrashLoopBackOff。node“k8s-master-1“podcidr not assigned pod状态CrashLoopBackOff
解决方法：在/etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml 中添加

 –allocate-node-cidrs=true
–cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16

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