iOS应用开发权限请求处理

2022-09-16 21:25:41

1、写在前面

  • APP开发避免不开系统权限的问题，如何在APP以更加友好的方式向用户展示系统权限，似乎也是开发过程中值得深思的一件事；
  • 那如何提高APP获取iOS系统权限的通过率呢？有以下几种方式:
    • 1.在用户打开APP时就向用户请求权限；
    • 2.告知用户授权权限后能够获得好处之后，再向用户请求权限；
    • 3.在绝对必要的情况下才向用户请求权限，例如：用户访问照片库时请求访问系统相册权限；
    • 4.在展示系统权限的对话框前，先向用户显示自定义的对话框，若用户选择不允许，默认无操作，若用户选择允许，再展示系统对话框。
  • 上述情况在开发过程中是经常遇到的，不同方式的选择会影响最后用户交互体验。

2、权限分类

  • 2.1 联网权限

    • 引入头文件 @import CoreTelephony;
    • 应用启动后，检测应用中是否有联网权限
    CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc]init];
cellularData.cellularDataRestrictionDidUpdateNotifier =  ^(CTCellularDataRestrictedState state){
  //获取联网状态
  switch (state) {
      case kCTCellularDataRestricted:
          NSLog(@"Restricrted");
          break;
      case kCTCellularDataNotRestricted:
          NSLog(@"Not Restricted");
          break;
      case kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown:
          NSLog(@"Unknown");
          break;
      default:
          break;
  };
};
    • 查询应用是否有联网功能
    CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc]init];
CTCellularDataRestrictedState state = cellularData.restrictedState;
 switch (state) {
  case kCTCellularDataRestricted:
      NSLog(@"Restricrted");
      break;
  case kCTCellularDataNotRestricted:
      NSLog(@"Not Restricted");
      break;
  case kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown:
      NSLog(@"Unknown");
      break;
  default:
      break;
}

  • 2.2 相册权限

    • --iOS 9.0之前
    • 导入头文件 #import <AssetsLibrary/AssetsLibrary.h>
    • 检查是否有相册权限
     ALAuthorizationStatus status = [ALAssetsLibrary authorizationStatus];
switch (status) {
  case ALAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
      NSLog(@"Authorized");
      break;
  case ALAuthorizationStatusDenied:
      NSLog(@"Denied");
      break;
  case ALAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
      NSLog(@"not Determined");
      break;
  case ALAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
      NSLog(@"Restricted");
      break;

  default:
      break;
}
  • 相册权限--iOS 8.0之后
    • 导入头文件 #import <Photos/Photos.h>
    • 检查是否有相册权限
    PHAuthorizationStatus photoAuthorStatus = [PHPhotoLibrary authorizationStatus];
switch (photoAuthorStatus) {
  case PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
      NSLog(@"Authorized");
      break;
  case PHAuthorizationStatusDenied:
      NSLog(@"Denied");
      break;
  case PHAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
      NSLog(@"not Determined");
      break;
  case PHAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
      NSLog(@"Restricted");
      break;
  default:
      break;
}

[PHPhotoLibrary requestAuthorization:^(PHAuthorizationStatus status) {
if (status == PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {
    NSLog(@"Authorized");
}
else {
    NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
}
}];

  • 2.3 相机和麦克风权限

    • 导入头文件#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h>
    • 检查是否有相机或麦克风权限
    AVAuthorizationStatus AVstatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];//相机权限
AVAuthorizationStatus AVstatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio];//麦克风权限

switch (AVstatus) {
  case AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
      NSLog(@"Authorized");
      break;
  case AVAuthorizationStatusDenied:
      NSLog(@"Denied");
      break;
  case AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
      NSLog(@"not Determined");
      break;
  case AVAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
      NSLog(@"Restricted");
      break;
  default:
      break;
}
    • 获取相机或麦克风权限
    [AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {//相机权限
  if (granted) {
      NSLog(@"Authorized");
  }
  else {
      NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
  }
}];

[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {//麦克风权限
  if (granted) {
      NSLog(@"Authorized");
  }
  else {
      NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
  }
}];

  • 2.4 定位权限

    • 导入头文件#import <CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h>
    • 由于iOS8.0之后定位方法的改变，需要在info.plist中进行配置；
    • 检查是否有定位权限
    BOOL isLocation = [CLLocationManager locationServicesEnabled];
if (!isLocation) {
  NSLog(@"not turn on the location");
}
CLAuthorizationStatus CLstatus = [CLLocationManager authorizationStatus];
switch (CLstatus) {
  case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways:
      NSLog(@"Always Authorized");
      break;
  case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse:
      NSLog(@"AuthorizedWhenInUse");
      break;
  case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied:
      NSLog(@"Denied");
      break;
  case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
      NSLog(@"not Determined");
      break;
  case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
      NSLog(@"Restricted");
      break;
  default:
      break;
}
    • 获取定位权限
    CLLocationManager *manager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];
[manager requestAlwaysAuthorization];//一直获取定位信息
[manager requestWhenInUseAuthorization];//使用的时候获取定位信息
    • 在代理方法中查看权限是否改变
    - (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didChangeAuthorizationStatus:(CLAuthorizationStatus)status{
 switch (status) {
  case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways:
      NSLog(@"Always Authorized");
      break;
  case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse:
      NSLog(@"AuthorizedWhenInUse");
      break;
  case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied:
      NSLog(@"Denied");
      break;
  case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
      NSLog(@"not Determined");
      break;
  case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
      NSLog(@"Restricted");
      break;
  default:
      break;
  }
}

  • 2.5 推送权限

    • 检查是否有通讯权限
    UIUserNotificationSettings *settings = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] currentUserNotificationSettings];
switch (settings.types) {
  case UIUserNotificationTypeNone:
      NSLog(@"None");
      break;
  case UIUserNotificationTypeAlert:
      NSLog(@"Alert Notification");
      break;
  case UIUserNotificationTypeBadge:
      NSLog(@"Badge Notification");
      break;
  case UIUserNotificationTypeSound:
      NSLog(@"sound Notification'");
      break;

  default:
      break;
}
    • 获取推送权限
    UIUserNotificationSettings *setting = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeSound | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeBadge categories:nil];
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerUserNotificationSettings:setting];

  • 2.6 通讯录权限

    • iOS9.0之前
    • 导入头文件#import <AddressBook/AddressBook.h>
    • 检查是否有通讯录权限
    ABAuthorizationStatus ABstatus = ABAddressBookGetAuthorizationStatus();
switch (ABstatus) {
  case kABAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
      NSLog(@"Authorized");
      break;
  case kABAuthorizationStatusDenied:
      NSLog(@"Denied'");
      break;
  case kABAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
      NSLog(@"not Determined");
      break;
  case kABAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
      NSLog(@"Restricted");
      break;
  default:
      break;
}
    • 获取通讯录权限
    ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(NULL, NULL);
ABAddressBookRequestAccessWithCompletion(addressBook, ^(bool granted, CFErrorRef error) {
  if (granted) {
      NSLog(@"Authorized");
      CFRelease(addressBook);
  }
  else {
      NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
  }
});
    • iOS9.0及以后
    • 导入头文件#import <Contacts/Contacts.h>
    • 检查是否有通讯录权限
    CNAuthorizationStatus status = [CNContactStore authorizationStatusForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts];
  switch (status) {
        case CNAuthorizationStatusAuthorized: {
            NSLog(@"Authorized:");
        }
            break;
        case CNAuthorizationStatusDenied:{
            NSLog(@"Denied");
        }
            break;
        case CNAuthorizationStatusRestricted:{
            NSLog(@"Restricted");
        }
            break;
        case CNAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:{
             NSLog(@"NotDetermined");
        }
            break;
       }
    • 获取通讯录权限
    CNContactStore *contactStore = [[CNContactStore alloc] init];
    [contactStore requestAccessForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
        if (granted) {

           NSLog(@"Authorized");

        }
        else {

           NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
        }
    }];

  • 2.7 日历、备忘录权限

    • 导入头文件
    • 检查是否有日历或者备忘录权限
    typedef NS_ENUM(NSUInteger, EKEntityType) {
  EKEntityTypeEvent,//日历
  EKEntityTypeReminder //备忘
};

EKAuthorizationStatus EKstatus = [EKEventStore  authorizationStatusForEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent];
switch (EKstatus) {
  case EKAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
      NSLog(@"Authorized");
      break;
  case EKAuthorizationStatusDenied:
      NSLog(@"Denied'");
      break;
  case EKAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
      NSLog(@"not Determined");
      break;
  case EKAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
      NSLog(@"Restricted");
      break;
  default:
      break;
}
    • 获取日历或备忘录权限
    EKEventStore *store = [[EKEventStore alloc]init];
[store requestAccessToEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent completion:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
  if (granted) {
      NSLog(@"Authorized");
  }else{
      NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
  }
}];

3、最后一点

  • 所有获取权限的方法，多用于用户第一次操作应用，iOS 8.0之后，将这些设置都整合在一起，并且可以开启或关闭相应的权限。所有的权限都可以通过下面的方法打开：
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:UIApplicationOpenSettingsURLString]];

iOS应用开发权限请求处理

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