def copy_properties(src,dst): # 提供一个函数,被封装函数属性 copy 到包装函数属性,保持被封装函数属性不变
    dst.__name__=src.__name__
    dst.__doc__=src.__doc__
    dst.__qualname__=src.__qualname__

def logger(fn):
    def wrapper(*args,**kwargs):
        'i\'m wrapper'
        print('begin')
        kin=fn(*args,**kwargs)
        print('after')
        return kin
    copy_properties(fn,wrapper)
    return wrapper

@logger
def lag(x,y):
    'i\'m a function'
    return x+y
print('name={}\ndoc={}'.format(lag.__name__,lag.__doc__))

 

通过copy_properties函数将被包装函数的属性覆盖掉包装函数

凡是被装饰的函数都要复制这些属性

可以将copy_properties函数构建成装饰器函数,带参装饰器

　　

import datetime,time
def copy_properties(src):
def wrapper(dst):

dst.__name__=src.__name__
dst.__doc__=src.__doc__
dst.__qualname__=src.__qualname__
return dst
return wrapper

def logger(fn):
#logger中不能直接引用copy_properties中的嵌套函数,利用copy_properties的返回值进行引用,fn实参形成闭包,等价于copy_properteis.wrapper(有闭包)
# => logger.wrapper = copy_properties.wrapper(logger.wrapper)
@copy_properties(fn)
def wrapper(*args,**kwargs):

'this is the wrapper'
print("args={},kwargs={}".format(args,kwargs))
start=datetime.datetime.now()
ret=fn(*args,**kwargs)
duration=datetime.datetime.now()-start
print('function {} took {}s'.format(fn.__name__,duration.total_seconds()))
return ret

return wrapper
@logger
def add(x,y):
'this is the function'
print('call add')
time.sleep(2)
return x+y
add(5,7)

 

 

import datetime,time

def logger(fn):
    def wrapper(*args,**kwargs):
        print('args={}\nkwargs={}'.format(args,kwargs))
        start=datetime.datetime.now()
        kin=fn(*args,**kwargs)
        duration=(datetime.datetime.now()-start)
        print('function {} took {} seconds'.format(fn.__name__,duration.total_seconds()))
        return kin
    return wrapper

@logger
def lag(x,y):
    time.sleep(2)
    return x+y
print(lag(5,y=8))

 

 

 

 

带参装饰器

import datetime,time
def copy_properties(src):
    def wrapper(dst):
        dst.__name__=src.__name__
        dst.__doc__=src.__doc__
        dst.__qualname__=src.__qualname__
        return dst
    return wrapper

def logger(t):
    def _logger(fn):
        @copy_properties(fn)
        def wrapper(*args,**kwargs):
            'i\'m a wrapper'
            print('args:{}\nkwargs:{}'.format(args,kwargs))
            start=datetime.datetime.now()
            kin=fn(*args,**kwargs)
            duration=datetime.datetime.now()-start
            if duration.total_seconds()>t:
                print('function {} took {} seconds'.format(fn.__name__,duration.total_seconds()))
            return kin
        return wrapper
    return _logger
@logger(2)
def lag(x,y):
    'i\'m a function'
    time.sleep(2)
    return x+y
print(lag.__name__,lag.__doc__,lag.__qualname__)
print(lag(5,y=9))

 

def kin(fn):
    return 10
@kin
def hip(x,y):
    return x+y
hip

hip 本来指向一个函数对象,但经过装饰后,指向int 10

def kin(fn):
    return kin
@kin
def hip(x,y):
    return x+y
hip(50)

hip经过装饰后,指向了装饰器函数本身

 

import datetime,time

def copy_properties(src):
    def wrapper(dst):
        dst.__name__=src.__name__
        dst.__doc__=src.__doc__
        dst.__qualname__=src.__qualname__
        return dst
    return wrapper

def logger(duration,func=lambda duration,name:print('{} took {} seconds'.format(name,duration))):
    def _logger(fn):
        def wrapper(*args,**kwargs):
            start=datetime.datetime.now()
            kin=fn(*args,**kwargs)
            delta=(datetime.datetime.now()-start).total_seconds()
            if delta>duration:
                func(delta,fn.__name__)
            return kin
        return wrapper
    return _logger

@logger(3)
def hip(x,y):
    time.sleep(3)
    return x+y
print(hip(5,y=6))