nginx高可用

2024-01-03 16:00:34

NGINX高可用

任务1 NGINX高可用

1. 准备工作

（1）需要准备两台服务器192.168.174.129（主）和 192.168.174.139（备）

（2）两台服务器都安装nginx

（3）两台服务器安装keepalived

2. 安装Nginx

（1）使?用Nginx官?方提供的rpm包。

[root@nginx1 ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo 
[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

（2）执行yum安装

[root@nginx1 ~]# yum install -y nginx
[root@nginx1 ~]# systemctl start nginx
[root@nginx1 ~]# systemctl enable nginx
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.

3. 两台安装keepalived

[root@nginx1 ~]# yum install -y keepalived

4. 配置主keepalived

[root@nginx1 ~]# cd /etc/keepalived/
[root@nginx1 keepalived]# cp keepalived.conf keepalived.conf.bak
[root@nginx1 keepalived]# > keepalived.conf
[root@nginx1 keepalived]# vi keepalived.conf
    vrrp_garp_interval 0
    vrrp_gna_interval 0
global_defs {
  notification_email {
        123456@qq.com
}
  notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
  smtp_server   127.0.0.1
  smtp_connect_timeout 30
  router_id lb01
}
 
#VIP1
    vrrp_instance VI_1 {
      state MASTER
      interface eno16777736
      virtual_router_id 55　
      priority 150
      advert_int 1
      authentication {
         auth_type PASS
         auth_pass 1111
      }
      virtual_ipaddress {
         192.168.174.50
      }
   }
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
"keepalived.conf" 25L, 469C written
[root@nginx1 keepalived]#

5. 主keepalived.conf传到备机并修改

[root@nginx1 keepalived]# scp keepalived.conf root@192.168.174.139:/etc/keepalived/

#切换到备机192.168.174.139(备)上去修改keepalived.conf，只需修改

state BACKUP

priority 90

[root@nginx2 ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 
global_defs {
  notification_email {
        123456@qq.com
}
  notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
  smtp_server   127.0.0.1
  smtp_connect_timeout 30
  router_id lb01
}

#VIP1
    vrrp_instance VI_1 {
      state BACKUP
      interface eno16777736
      virtual_router_id 55　
      priority 90
      advert_int 1
      authentication {
         auth_type PASS
         auth_pass 1111
      }
      virtual_ipaddress {
         192.168.174.50
      }
   }
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
"/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf" 25L, 468C written

6. 配置准备nginx

#主192.168.174.129

[root@nginx1 keepalived]# cp /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html.bak
[root@nginx1 keepalived]# >/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
[root@nginx1 keepalived]# vi /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
web01

#备 192.168.174.139

[root@nginx2 keepalived]# cp /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html.bak
[root@nginx2 keepalived]# >/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
[root@nginx2 keepalived]# vi /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
web02

7.两台启动服务并开机自启

[root@nginx1 keepalived]# systemctl start keepalived
[root@nginx1 keepalived]# systemctl enable keepalived
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/keepalived.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service.

8. 访问各站点（主备及vip）

9. 测试主备切换

在192.168.174.129（主）上，停掉keepalived，测试主备切换

[root@nginx1 keepalived]# systemctl stop keepalived

刷新页面，vip已经切换到备（192.168.137.18上）

再主上启动keepalived

[root@nginx1 keepalived]# systemctl start keepalived

刷新页面，发现又切换回来了

10. nginx存活测试

在主服务器192.168.137.100上添加如下参数：

[root@nginx1 keepalived]# vi keepalived.conf
global_defs {
   notification_email {
        123456@qq.com
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   smtp_server 127.0.0.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id lb01
}

vrrp_script chk_nginx {
        script "/opt/chknginx.sh"
        interval 1
        weight -20
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface eno16777736
    virtual_router_id 55
    priority 150
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.174.50
    }
        track_script {
        chk_nginx
 }
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface eno16777736
    virtual_router_id 55
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.174.50
    }
        track_script {
        chk_nginx
 }
}
"keepalived.conf" 50L, 834C written

在/opt下创建chknginx.sh文件，授予权限

[root@nginx1 keepalived]# vi /opt/chknginx.sh
#!/bin/bash
A=`ps -C nginx --no-header|wc -l`
if [ $A -eq 0 ];then
    systemctl start nginx
    if [ `ps -C nginx --no-header|wc -l` -eq 0 ];then
        killall keepalived
    fi
fi
[root@nginx1 keepalived]# chmod 755 /opt/chknginx.sh

在主nginx上关闭服务器

[root@nginx1 keepalived]# shutdown -h now

则vip会漂移到备服务器192.168.174.139上。

浏览器输入 http://192.168.174.50 可查看是否有跳转到备服务器上