目的：解决mysql空间越来越大，mysql性能出现瓶颈，zabbix会无端出现大量agent超时报警
中间遇到一个mysql问题：5.1版本的mysql不支持分表（其实是支持的，需要重新编译mysql，加上参数--with-plugins=partition(支持分表功能))，最后升级mysql到5.6版本解决
1、修改两张表的结构：
use zabbix
Alter table history_text drop primary key, add index (id), drop index history_text_2, add index history_text_2 (itemid, id);
Alter table history_log drop primary key, add index (id), drop index history_log_2, add index history_log_2 (itemid, id);
2、导入存储过程(先别着急执行，可以往下看，保存sql文件一起执行)：
| DELIMITER $$ CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_create`(SCHEMANAME VARCHAR(64), TABLENAME VARCHAR(64), PARTITIONNAME VARCHAR(64), CLOCK INT) BEGIN /* SCHEMANAME = The DB schema in which to make changes TABLENAME = The table with partitions to potentially delete PARTITIONNAME = The name of the partition to create */ /* Verify that the partition does not already exist */DECLARE RETROWS INT; SELECT COUNT(1) INTO RETROWS FROM information_schema.partitions WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME AND TABLE_NAME = TABLENAME AND partition_description >= CLOCK;IF RETROWS = 0 THEN /* 1. Print a message indicating that a partition was created. 2. Create the SQL to create the partition. 3. Execute the SQL from #2. */ SELECT CONCAT( "partition_create(", SCHEMANAME, ",", TABLENAME, ",", PARTITIONNAME, ",", CLOCK, ")" ) AS msg; SET @SQL = CONCAT( 'ALTER TABLE ', SCHEMANAME, '.', TABLENAME, ' ADD PARTITION (PARTITION ', PARTITIONNAME, ' VALUES LESS THAN (', CLOCK, '));' ); PREPARE STMT FROM @SQL; EXECUTE STMT; DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT; END IF; END $$DELIMITER ; |
| DELIMITER $$ CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_drop`(SCHEMANAME VARCHAR(64), TABLENAME VARCHAR(64), DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE BIGINT) BEGIN /* SCHEMANAME = The DB schema in which to make changes TABLENAME = The table with partitions to potentially delete DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE = Delete any partitions with names that are dates older than this one (yyyy-mm-dd) */ DECLARE done INT DEFAULT FALSE; DECLARE drop_part_name VARCHAR(16);/* Get a list of all the partitions that are older than the date in DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE. All partitions are prefixed with a "p", so use SUBSTRING TO get rid of that character. */ DECLARE myCursor CURSOR FOR SELECT partition_name FROM information_schema.partitions WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME AND TABLE_NAME = TABLENAME AND CAST(SUBSTRING(partition_name FROM 2) AS UNSIGNED) < DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE; DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = TRUE;/* Create the basics for when we need to drop the partition. Also, create @drop_partitions to hold a comma-delimited list of all partitions that should be deleted. */ SET @alter_header = CONCAT("ALTER TABLE ", SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME, " DROP PARTITION "); SET @drop_partitions = "";/* Start looping through all the partitions that are too old. */ OPEN myCursor; read_loop: LOOP FETCH myCursor INTO drop_part_name; IF done THEN LEAVE read_loop; END IF; SET @drop_partitions = IF(@drop_partitions = "", drop_part_name, CONCAT(@drop_partitions, ",", drop_part_name)); END LOOP; IF @drop_partitions != "" THEN /* 1. Build the SQL to drop all the necessary partitions. 2. Run the SQL to drop the partitions. 3. Print out the table partitions that were deleted. */ SET @full_sql = CONCAT(@alter_header, @drop_partitions, ";"); PREPARE STMT FROM @full_sql; EXECUTE STMT; DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT;SELECT CONCAT(SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME) AS `table`, @drop_partitions AS `partitions_deleted`; ELSE /* No partitions are being deleted, so print out "N/A" (Not applicable) to indicate that no changes were made. */ SELECT CONCAT(SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME) AS `table`, "N/A" AS `partitions_deleted`; END IF; END$$ DELIMITER ; |
| DELIMITER $$ CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_maintenance`(SCHEMA_NAME VARCHAR(32), TABLE_NAME VARCHAR(32), KEEP_DATA_DAYS INT, HOURLY_INTERVAL INT, CREATE_NEXT_INTERVALS INT) BEGIN DECLARE OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE VARCHAR(16); DECLARE PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16); DECLARE LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP INT; DECLARE CUR_TIME INT;CALL partition_verify(SCHEMA_NAME, TABLE_NAME, HOURLY_INTERVAL); SET CUR_TIME = UNIX_TIMESTAMP(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(), '%Y-%m-%d 00:00:00'));SET @__interval = 1; create_loop: LOOP IF @__interval > CREATE_NEXT_INTERVALS THEN LEAVE create_loop; END IF;SET LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP = CUR_TIME + (HOURLY_INTERVAL * @__interval * 3600); SET PARTITION_NAME = FROM_UNIXTIME(CUR_TIME + HOURLY_INTERVAL * (@__interval - 1) * 3600, 'p%Y%m%d%H00'); CALL partition_create(SCHEMA_NAME, TABLE_NAME, PARTITION_NAME, LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP); SET @__interval=@__interval+1; END LOOP;SET OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE=DATE_FORMAT(DATE_SUB(NOW(), INTERVAL KEEP_DATA_DAYS DAY), '%Y%m%d0000'); CALL partition_drop(SCHEMA_NAME, TABLE_NAME, OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE);END$$ DELIMITER ; |
| DELIMITER $$ CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_verify`(SCHEMANAME VARCHAR(64), TABLENAME VARCHAR(64), HOURLYINTERVAL INT(11)) BEGIN DECLARE PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16); DECLARE RETROWS INT(11); DECLARE FUTURE_TIMESTAMP TIMESTAMP;/* * Check if any partitions exist for the given SCHEMANAME.TABLENAME. */ SELECT COUNT(1) INTO RETROWS FROM information_schema.partitions WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME AND TABLE_NAME = TABLENAME AND partition_name IS NULL;/* * If partitions do not exist, go ahead and partition the table */ IF RETROWS = 1 THEN /* * Take the current date at 00:00:00 and add HOURLYINTERVAL to it. This is the timestamp below which we will store values. * We begin partitioning based on the beginning of a day. This is because we don't want to generate a random partition * that won't necessarily fall in line with the desired partition naming (ie: if the hour interval is 24 hours, we could * end up creating a partition now named "p201403270600" when all other partitions will be like "p201403280000"). */ SET FUTURE_TIMESTAMP = TIMESTAMPADD(HOUR, HOURLYINTERVAL, CONCAT(CURDATE(), " ", '00:00:00')); SET PARTITION_NAME = DATE_FORMAT(CURDATE(), 'p%Y%m%d%H00');-- Create the partitioning query SET @__PARTITION_SQL = CONCAT("ALTER TABLE ", SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME, " PARTITION BY RANGE(`clock`)"); SET @__PARTITION_SQL = CONCAT(@__PARTITION_SQL, "(PARTITION ", PARTITION_NAME, " VALUES LESS THAN (", UNIX_TIMESTAMP(FUTURE_TIMESTAMP), "));");-- Run the partitioning query PREPARE STMT FROM @__PARTITION_SQL; EXECUTE STMT; DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT; END IF; END$$ DELIMITER ; |
可以将这四个存储过程写成一个SQL文件直接导入：
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p zabbix < partition_call.sql
完成上面四个存储过程后
3、使用存储过程
CALL partition_maintenance('<zabbix_db_name>', '<table_name>', <days_to_keep_data>, <hourly_interval>, <num_future_intervals_to_create>)
例如：mysql> CALL partition_maintenance('zabbix', 'history', 7, 24, 7);
zabbix_db_name：库名
例如：mysql> CALL partition_maintenance('zabbix', 'history', 7, 24, 7);
zabbix_db_name：库名
table_name：表名
days_to_keep_data：保存多少天的数据
hourly_interval：每隔多久生成一个分区
num_future_intervals_to_create：本次一共生成多少个分区
这个例子就是history表最多保存7天的数据，每隔24小时生成一个分区，这次一共生成7个分区
days_to_keep_data：保存多少天的数据
hourly_interval：每隔多久生成一个分区
num_future_intervals_to_create：本次一共生成多少个分区
这个例子就是history表最多保存7天的数据，每隔24小时生成一个分区，这次一共生成7个分区
4、下面这个存储过程就是统一调用
|
DELIMITER $$ |
保存成文件，再次导入存储过程：
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p'123456' zabbix < partition_all.sql
以后只需要调用这个存储过程就可以了，每天执行一次：
mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix zabbix -e "CALL partition_maintenance_all('zabbix');"
将上面这条命令写入到计划任务中如下：
01 01 * * * /opt/software/mysql/bin/mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix zabbix -e "CALL partition_maintenance_all('zabbix');"