express是node.js中的构建工具，如果需要使用express构建，首先需要安装express。
构建一个项目：
|-- app
| |-- css
| |-- js
| | `-- class
| | |-- index.js
| | `-- test.js
| `-- views
| |-- error.ejs
| `-- index.ejs
|-- server
|-- tasks
在构建完该目录后，在根目录上使用npm init -y，构建package.json文件，sudo cnpm install -g express-generator命令安装express（新版express存在在express-generator包中）然后进入server目录，通过express -e . 命令构建脚手架，其中 -e表示构建一级模板引擎
然后执行 cd . && npm install
回到构建目录：
cd ../tasks/
mkdir util
touch util/args.js
回到根目录
touch .babelrc(使用babel时使用)
touch gulpfile.babel.js (接下来使用ES6语法，所以需要创建gulpfile.babel.js文件)
进入args.js文件，引入一个包
import yargs from 'yargs';
const args = yargs
.option('production',{
boolean:true,
default:false,
describe:'min all scripts'
})
.option('watch',{
boolean:true,
default:false,
describe:'watch all files'
})
.option('verbose',{
boolean:true,
default:false,
describe:'log'
})
.option('sourcemaps',{
describe:'force the creation of sroucemaps'
})
.option('port',{
string:true,
default:8080,
describe:'server port'
})
.argv
export default args;
touch tasks/scripts.js
import gulp from 'gulp';
import gulpif from 'gulp-if';
import concat from 'gulp-concat';
import webpack from 'webpack';
import gulpWebpack from 'webpack-stream';
import named from 'vinyl-named';
import livereload from 'gulp-livereload';
import plumber from 'gulp-plumber';
import rename from 'gulp-rename';
import uglify from 'gulp-uglify';
import {log,colors} from 'gulp-util';
import args from './util/args';
使用
cnpm install gulp gulp-if gulp-concat webpack webpack-stream gulp-plumber gulp-rename gulp-uglify gulp-util gulp-livereload vinyl-named yargs --save-dev
等安装完毕后，重新进入scripts.js文件，编写：
import gulp from 'gulp';
import gulpif from 'gulp-if';
import concat from 'gulp-concat';
import webpack from 'webpack';
import gulpWebpack from 'webpack-stream';
import named from 'vinyl-named';
import livereload from 'gulp-livereload';
import plumber from 'gulp-plumber';
import rename from 'gulp-rename';
import uglify from 'gulp-uglify';
import {log,colors} from 'gulp-util';
import args from './util/args'; gulp.task('scripts',()=>{
return gulp.src(['app/js/index.js'])
.pipe(plumber({
errorHandle:function(){ }
}))
.pipe(named())
.pipe(gulpWebpack({
module:{
loaders:[{
test:/\.js$/,
loader:'babel'
}]
}
}),null,(err,stats)=>{
log(`Finished '${colors.cyan('scripts')}'`,stats.toString({
chunks:false
}))
})
.pipe(gulp.dest('server/public/js'))
.pipe(rename({
basename:'cp',
extname:'.min.js'
}))
.pipe(uglify({compress:{properties:false},output:{'quote_keys':true}}))
.pipe(gulp.dest('server/public/js'))
.pipe(gulpif(args.watch,livereload()))
})
touch tasks/pages.js
import gulp from 'gulp';
import gulpif from 'gulp-if';
import livereload from 'gulp-livereload';
import args from './util/args'; gulp.task('pages',()=>{
return gulp.src('app/**/*.ejs')
.pipe(gulp.dest('server'))
.pipe(gulpif(args.watch,livereload()))
})
touch tasks/css.js
import gulp from 'gulp';
import gulpif from 'gulp-if';
import livereload from 'gulp-livereload';
import args from './util/args' gulp.task('css',()=>{
return gulp.src('app/**/*.css')
.pipe(gulp.dest('server/public'))
})
touch tasks/server.js
import gulp from 'gulp';
import gulpif from 'gulp-if';
import liveserver from 'gulp-live-server';
import args from './util/args'; gulp.task('serve',(cb)=>{
if(!args.watch) return cb(); var server = liveserver.new(['--harmony','server/bin/www']);
server.start(); gulp.watch(['server/public/**/*.js','server/views/**/*.ejs'],function(file){
server.notify.apply(server,[file]);
}) gulp.watch(['server/routes/**/*.js','server/app.js'],function(){
server.start.bind(server)()
});
})
touch tasks/browser.js
import gulp from 'gulp';
import gulpif from 'gulp-if';
import gutil from 'gulp-util';
import args from './util/args' gulp.task('browser',(cb)=>{
if(!args.watch) return cb();
gulp.watch('app/**/*.js',['scripts']);
gulp.watch('app/**/*.ejs',['pages']);
gulp.watch('app/**/*.css',['css']);
});
touch tasks/clean.js
import gulp from 'gulp';
import del from 'del';
import args from './util/args'; gulp.task('clean',()=>{
return del(['server/public','server/views'])
})
touch tasks/build.js
import gulp from 'gulp';
import gulpSequence from 'gulp-sequence'; gulp.task('build',gulpSequence('clean','css','pages','scripts',['browser','serve']));
touch tasks/default.js
import gulp from 'gulp';
gulp.task('default',['build']);
npm i gulp-util gulp-live-server del --save-dev
cnpm i babel-loader babel-core babel-preset-env babel-preset-es2015 --save-dev
vim gulpfile.babel.js
import requireDir from 'require-dir';
requireDir('./tasks');
cnpm i require-dir babel-register babel-preset-es2015 --save-dev
cnpm i gulp-sequence cookie-parser epxress morgan serve-favicon --save-dev
修改server/app.js文件：
app.use(require('connect-livereload')())
cnpm i connect-livereload babel-polyfill --save-dev
验证：
http://loalhost:3000