算法题-Count and Say

题目来自 LeetCode

The count-and-say sequence is the sequence of integers with the first five terms as following:

  1. 1
  2. 11
  3. 21
  4. 1211
  5. 111221

1 is read off as “one 1” or 11.
11 is read off as “two 1s” or 21.
21 is read off as “one 2, then one 1” or 1211.
Given an integer n, generate the nth term of the count-and-say sequence.

Note: Each term of the sequence of integers will be represented as a string.

Example 1:

Input: 1
Output: “1”
Example 2:

Input: 4
Output: “1211”


如果没有看懂题意的话,我简单解释一下:
题目规定:
第一个字符串是 “1”
第二个字符串是 “11”(数前一个字符串中的数字个数,前一个有:一个“1”)
第三个字符串是 “21”(前一个字符串有:两个“1”)
第四个字符串是 “1211”(前一个字符串有:一个“2”和一个“1”)

按照这个规律,输入 n,输出对应的第 n 个字符串

这道题是一道简单的递归题,我是用 Java 写的,如果你也使用 Java 那么我建议你使用 StringBuilder 做字符串的拼接,这样可以很好的提高性能

如果你对 String 和 StringBuilder 不够了解,请戳这里: String,StringBuffer,StringBuilder

以下是答案源码:

class Solution {
    public String countAndSay(int n) {
       if (n == 1){
            return "1";
        }
        String str = countAndSay(n - 1);
        StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
        int count = 0;
        int numberIndex = 0;
        int i = 0;
        while (i < str.length()){
            if (str.charAt(numberIndex) == str.charAt(i)){
                count++;
                if (i + 1 == str.length()){
                    result.append(String.valueOf(count)).append(String.valueOf(str.charAt(numberIndex)));
                }
            }else {
                result.append(String.valueOf(count)).append(String.valueOf(str.charAt(numberIndex)));
                numberIndex = i;
                count = 0;
                continue;
            }
            i++;
        }
        return result.toString(); 
    }
}
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