[SQL in Azure] Provisioning a SQL Server Virtual Machine on Azure

2022-09-13 21:59:52

http://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/documentation/articles/virtual-machines-provision-sql-server/

Provisioning a SQL Server Virtual Machine on Azure

The Azure virtual machine gallery includes several images that contain Microsoft SQL Server. You can select one of the virtual machine images from the gallery and with a few clicks you can provision the virtual machine to your Azure environment.

In this tutorial, you will:

Connect to the Azure management portal and provision a virtual machine from the gallery

Log in to the Azure Management Portal using your account. If you do not have an Azure account, visit Azure free trial.
On the Azure Management Portal, at the bottom left of the web page, click +NEW, click COMPUTE, click VIRTUAL MACHINE, and then click FROM GALLERY.
On the Create a Virtual Machine page, select a virtual machine image containing SQL Server, and then click the next arrow at the bottom right of the page. For the most up-to-date information on the supported SQL Server images on Azure, see Getting Started with SQL Server in Azure Virtual Machines topic in the SQL Server in Azure Virtual Machines documentation set.
NOTE:

If you have a virtual machine created by using the platform image SQL Server Evaluation edition, you cannot upgrade it to a per-minute paid edition image in the gallery. You can choose one of the following two options:
- You can create a new virtual machine by using the per-minute paid SQL Server edition from the gallery and migrate your database files to this new virtual machine by following the steps at How to migrate SQL Server database files and schema between virtual machines in Azure using data disks. Or,
- You can upgrade an existing instance of SQL Server Evaluation edition to a different edition of SQL Server under the License Mobility through Software Assurance on Azure agreement by following the steps at Upgrade to a Different Edition of SQL Server 2014. For information on how to purchase the licensed copy of SQL Server, see How to Buy SQL Server.
On the Virtual Machine Configuration page, provide the following information:
- Provide a VIRTUAL MACHINE NAME.
- In the NEW USER NAME box, type unique user name for the VM local administrator account.
- In the NEW PASSWORD box, type a strong password. For more information, see Strong Passwords.
- In the CONFIRM PASSWORD box, retype the password.
- Select the appropriate SIZE from the drop down list.
NOTE:

The size of the virtual machine is specified during provisioning: A2 is the smallest size recommended for production workloads. The minimum recommended size for a virtual machine is A3 when using SQL Server Enterprise Edition. Select A3 or higher when using SQL Server Enterprise Edition. Select A6 when using SQL Server 2012 Enterprise for Data Warehousing image. Select A7 when using SQL Server 2014 for Data Warehousing image. The size selected limits the number of data disks you can configure. For most up-to-date information on available virtual machine sizes and the number of data disks that you can attach to a virtual machine, see Virtual Machine Sizes for Azure.

Click the next arrow on the bottom right to continue.
On the Virtual machine mode page, provide the following information:
- Select Standalone Virtual Machine.
- In the DNS NAME box, provide the first portion of a DNS name of your choice, so that it completes a name in the format TESTNAME.cloudapp.net
- In the REGION/AFFINITY GROUP/VIRTUAL NETWORK box, select a region where this virtual image will be hosted.
Click the next arrow to continue.
On the Virtual machine options page:
- In the AVAILABILITY SET box, select (none).
- Read and accept the legal terms.
Click the check mark in the bottom right corner to continue.
Wait while Azure prepares your virtual machine. Expect the virtual machine status to proceed through:
- Starting (Provisioning)
- Stopped
- Starting (Provisioning)
- Running (Provisioning)
- Running

Open the virtual machine using Remote Desktop and complete setup

When provisioning completes, click on the name of your virtual machine to go to the DASHBOARD page. At the bottom of the page, click Connect.
Choose to open the rpd file using the Windows Remote Desktop program (%windir%\system32\mstsc.exe).
At the Windows Security dialog box, provide the password for the local administrator account that you specified in an earlier step. (You might be asked to verify the credentials of the virtual machine.)
The first time you log on to this virtual machine, several processes may need to complete, including setup of your desktop, Windows updates, and completion of the Windows initial configuration tasks (sysprep). After Windows sysprep completes, SQL Server setup completes configuration tasks. These tasks make cause a short delay while they complete. SELECT @@SERVERNAME may not return the correct name until SQL Server setup completes.

Once you are connected to the virtual machine with Windows Remote Desktop, the virtual machine works much like any other computer. Connect to the default instance of SQL Server with SQL Server Management Studio (running on the virtual machine) in the normal way.

Complete Configuration steps to connect to the virtual machine Using SQL Server Management Studio on another computer

Before you can connect to the instance of SQL Server from the internet, you must complete the following tasks as described in the sections that follow:

The connection path is summarized by the following diagram:

Create a TCP endpoint for the virtual machine

The virtual machine must have an endpoint to listen for incoming TCP communication. This Azure configuration step, directs incoming TCP port traffic to a TCP port that is accessible to the virtual machine.

On the Azure Management Portal, click on VIRTUAL MACHINES.
Click on your newly created virtual machine. Information about your virtual machine is presented.
Near the top of the page, select the ENDPOINTS page, and then at the bottom of the page, click ADD ENDPOINT.
On the Add Endpoint to Virtual Machine page, click Add Endpoint, and then click the Next arrow to continue.
On the Specify the details of the endpoint page, provide the following information.
- In the NAME box, provide a name for the endpoint.
- In the PROTOCOL box, select TCP. You may type SQL Server‘s default listening port 1433 in the Private Port box. Similarly, you may type 57500 in the PUBLIC PORT box. Note that many organizations select different port numbers to avoid malicious security attacks.
Click the check mark to continue. The endpoint is created.

Open TCP ports in the Windows firewall for the default instance of the Database Engine

Connect to the virtual machine via Windows Remote Desktop. Once logged in, on the Start menu, click Run, type WF.msc, and then click OK.
In the Windows Firewall with Advanced Security, in the left pane, right-click Inbound Rules, and then click New Rule in the action pane.
In the Rule Type dialog box, select Port, and then click Next.
In the Protocol and Ports dialog box, select TCP. Select Specific local ports, and then type the port number of the instance of the Database Engine (1433 for the default instance or your choice for the private port in the endpoint step).
Click Next.
In the Action dialog box, select Allow the connection, and then click Next.

Security Note: Selecting Allow the connection if it is secure can provide additional security. Select this option if you want to configure additional security options in your environment.
In the Profile dialog box, select Public, and then click Next.

Security Note: Selecting Public allows access over the internet. Whenever possible, select a more restrictive profile.
In the Name dialog box, type a name and description for this rule, and then click Finish.

Open additional ports for other components as needed. For more information, see Configuring the Windows Firewall to Allow SQL Server Access.

Configure SQL Server to listen on the TCP protocol

While connected to the virtual machine by using Remote Desktop, on the Start menu, click All Programs, click Microsoft SQL Server version, click Configuration Tools, and then click SQL Server Configuration Manager.
In SQL Server Configuration Manager, in the console pane, expand SQL Server Network Configuration.
In the console pane, click Protocols for instance name. (The default instance is Protocols for MSSQLSERVER.)
In the details pane, right-click TCP, it should be Enabled for the gallery images by default. For your custom images, click Enable (if its status is Disabled.)
In the console pane, click SQL Server Services. (Restarting the Database Engine can be postponed until completion of the next step.)
In the details pane, right-click SQL Server (instance name) (the default instance is SQL Server (MSSQLSERVER)), and then click Restart, to stop and restart the instance of SQL Server.
Close SQL Server Configuration Manager.

For more information about enabling protocols for the SQL Server Database Engine, see Enable or Disable a Server Network Protocol.

Configure SQL Server for mixed mode authentication

The SQL Server Database Engine cannot use Windows Authentication without domain environment. To connect to the Database Engine from another computer, configure SQL Server for mixed mode authentication. Mixed mode authentication allows both SQL Server Authentication and Windows Authentication. (Configuring mixed mode authentication might not be necessary if you have configured an Azure Virtual Network. For more information, see Connectivity Considerations for SQL Server in Azure Virtual Machines topic in the SQL Server in Azure Virtual Machines documentation set.

While connected to the virtual machine by using Remote Desktop, on the Start menu, click All Programs, click Microsoft SQL Server version, and then click SQL Server Management Studio.

The first time you open Management Studio it must create the users Management Studio environment. This may take a few moments.
When opening, Management Studio presents the Connect to Server dialog box. In the Server name box, type the name of the virtual machine to connect to the Database Engine with the Object Explorer. (Instead of the virtual machine name you can also use (local) or a single period as the Server name. Select Windows Authentication, and leave your_VM_name\your_local_administrator in the User name box. Click Connect.
In SQL Server Management Studio Object Explorer, right-click the name of the instance of SQL Server (the virtual machine name), and then click Properties.
On the Security page, under Server authentication, select SQL Server and Windows Authentication mode, and then click OK.
In the SQL Server Management Studio dialog box, click OK to acknowledge the requirement to restart SQL Server.
In Object Explorer, right-click your server, and then click Restart. (If SQL Server Agent is running, it must also be restarted.)
In the SQL Server Management Studio dialog box, click Yes to agree that you want to restart SQL Server.

Create SQL Server authentication logins

To connect to the Database Engine from another computer, you must create at least one SQL Server authentication login.

In SQL Server Management Studio Object Explorer, expand the folder of the server instance in which you want to create the new login.
Right-click the Security folder, point to New, and select Login....
In the Login - New dialog box, on the General page, enter the name of the new user in the Login name box.
Select SQL Server authentication.
In the Password box, enter a password for the new user. Enter that password again into the Confirm Password box.
To enforce password policy options for complexity and enforcement, select Enforce password policy (recommended). This is a default option when SQL Server authentication is selected.
To enforce password policy options for expiration, select Enforce password expiration (recommended). Enforce password policy must be selected to enable this checkbox. This is a default option when SQL Server authentication is selected.
To force the user to create a new password after the first time the login is used, select User must change password at next login (Recommended if this login is for someone else to use. If the login is for your own use, do not select this option.) Enforce password expiration must be selected to enable this checkbox. This is a default option when SQL Server authentication is selected.
From the Default database list, select a default database for the login. master is the default for this option. If you have not yet created a user database, leave this set to master.
In the Default language list, leave default as the value.
If this is the first login you are creating, you may want to designate this login as a SQL Server administrator. If so, on the Server Roles page, check sysadmin.

Security Note: Members of the sysadmin fixed server role have complete control of the Database Engine. You should carefully restrict membership in this role.
Click OK.

For more information about SQL Server logins, see Create a Login.

Determine the DNS name of the virtual machine

To connect to the SQL Server Database Engine from another computer, you must know the Domain Name System (DNS) name of the virtual machine. (This is the name the internet uses to identify the virtual machine. You can use the IP address, but the IP address might change when Azure moves resources for redundancy or maintenance. The DNS name will be stable because it can be redirected to a new IP address.)

In the Azure Management Portal (or from the previous step), select VIRTUAL MACHINES.
On the VIRTUAL MACHINE INSTANCES page, in the DNS NAME column, find and copy the DNS name for the virtual machine which appears preceded by http://. (The user interface might not display the entire name, but you can right-click on it, and select copy.)

Connect to the Database Engine from another computer

On a computer connected to the internet, open SQL Server Management Studio.
In the Connect to Server or Connect to Database Engine dialog box, in the Server name box, enter the DNS name of the virtual machine (determined in the previous task) and a public endpoint port number in the format of DNSName,portnumber such as tutorialtestVM.cloudapp.net,57500.
In the Authentication box, select SQL Server Authentication.
In the Login box, type the name of a login that you created in an earlier task.
In the Password box, type the password of the login that you create in an earlier task.
Click Connect.

Connecting to the Database Engine from your application

If you can connect to an instance of SQL Server running on an Azure virtual machine by using Management Studio, you should be able to connect by using a connection string similar to the following.

connectionString="Server=<DNS_Name>;Integrated Security=false;User ID=<login_name>;Password=<your_password>;"providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"

For more information, see How to Troubleshoot Connecting to the SQL Server Database Engine.

Next Steps

You‘ve seen how to create and configure a SQL Server on an Azure virtual machine using the platform image. When using SQL Server in Azure Virtual Machines, we recommend that you follow the detailed guidance given in the SQL Server in Azure Virtual Machines documentation in the library. This documentation set includes a series of articles and tutorials that provide detailed guidance. The series includes the following sections:

SQL Server in Azure Virtual Machines

Getting Started with SQL Server in Azure Virtual Machines

Getting Ready to Migrate to SQL Server in Azure Virtual Machines

How to migrate SQL Server database files and schema between virtual machines in Azure using data disks

SQL Server Deployment in Azure Virtual Machines

How to copy SQL Server data and setup files in a data disk from on-premises to Azure using CSUpload
How to create a base virtual machine on-premises using Hyper-V
How to create a SQL Server virtual machine in Azure using the existing on-premises SQL Server disk
How to create a SQL Server virtual machine in Azure using the existing on-premises SQL Server virtual machine
How to use PowerShell to set up a SQL Server virtual machine in Azure
How to Use Attached Data Disk to Store Database Files

Connectivity Considerations for SQL Server in Azure Virtual Machines

Tutorial: Connect to SQL Server in the same cloud service
Tutorial: Connect to SQL Server in a different cloud service
Tutorial: Connect ASP.NET application to SQL Server in Azure via Virtual Network

Performance Considerations for SQL Server in Azure Virtual Machines

Security Considerations for SQL Server in Azure Virtual Machines

Troubleshooting and Monitoring for SQL Server in Azure Virtual Machines

High Availability and Disaster Recovery for SQL Server in Azure Virtual Machines