主题：mysql中文乱码终结
我自己都不知道为了中文问题烦恼了多少个日子，最恨瑞典人了-谁叫他发明了mysql，还设置了默认设置：latin1.曾经也在想假如中国人发明了 mysql（my see狗），呵呵，那么我们还有这样烦恼吗？默认的就是gk2312 或者gbk.倘若考虑到*朋友加一个big5.就得了。可是呢？事实不是这样的，没有办法，自己只好baidu一下，google一下，甚至yahoo 一下。能找到的方法都试过了，好久了，直到今天让我找到了，想明白了。所以急切和大家分享以下心得。
[img]http://www.seed100.com/php-mysql-101-questions/mysql-reference-manual/image-manual/big-fat-house.jpg[/img]
为了说的明白一些，我觉个例子：
很简单，就是从html中接受两个输入，然后由jsp处理写到mysql且从数据库返回这个结果显示出来。
Mysql_jstl.html
<html>
<head>
<title>CH14 - Mysql_jstl.html</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset= GB2312">
</head>
<body>
<h2>将信息存入 Mysql 中 - 使用 JSTL 写法</h2>
<form name="form" action="Mysql_jstl.jsp" method="post" >
<p>姓：<input name="last_name" type="text" id="last_name"></p>
<p>名：<input name="first_name" type="text" id="first_name"></p>
<p>
<input type="submit" value="传送">
<input type="reset" value="取消">
</p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
Mysql_jstl.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=GB2312" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="sql" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/sql" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>CH14 - Mysql_jstl.jsp</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>将信息存入 Mysql 中 - 使用 JSTL 写法</h2>
<fmt:requestEncoding value="GB2312" />
<c:set var="birth" value="1978/12/11" />
<c:set var="sex" value="F" />
<c:set var="email" value="aaa@asdf.com" />
<sql:setDataSource driver="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sample?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8"
user="root"
password="44444" />
<sql:update>
INSERT INTO employee(employee_id, last_name, first_name, birth, sex, emmail)
VALUES ( ? , ? , ? , ? , ? , ? )
<sql:param value="${employee_id}" />
<sql:param value="${param.last_name}" />
<sql:param value="${param.first_name}" />
<sql:param value="${birth}" />
<sql:param value="${sex}" />
<sql:param value="${email}" />
</sql:update>
<sql:query var="result">
SELECT * FROM employee
</sql:query>
从 employee 取出所有新增的姓名：
<c:forEach items="${result.rows}" var="row" >
新增姓名：<c:out value="${row.last_name}" />
<c:out value="${row.first_name}" />
</c:forEach>
</body>
</html>
[img]http://www.seed100.com/php-mysql-101-questions/mysql-reference-manual/image-manual/big-fat-house.jpg[/img]
为了说的明白一些，我觉个例子：
很简单，就是从html中接受两个输入，然后由jsp处理写到mysql且从数据库返回这个结果显示出来。
Mysql_jstl.html
<html>
<head>
<title>CH14 - Mysql_jstl.html</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset= GB2312">
</head>
<body>
<h2>将信息存入 Mysql 中 - 使用 JSTL 写法</h2>
<form name="form" action="Mysql_jstl.jsp" method="post" >
<p>姓：<input name="last_name" type="text" id="last_name"></p>
<p>名：<input name="first_name" type="text" id="first_name"></p>
<p>
<input type="submit" value="传送">
<input type="reset" value="取消">
</p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
Mysql_jstl.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=GB2312" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="sql" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/sql" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>CH14 - Mysql_jstl.jsp</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>将信息存入 Mysql 中 - 使用 JSTL 写法</h2>
<fmt:requestEncoding value="GB2312" />
<c:set var="birth" value="1978/12/11" />
<c:set var="sex" value="F" />
<c:set var="email" value="aaa@asdf.com" />
<sql:setDataSource driver="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sample?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8"
user="root"
password="44444" />
<sql:update>
INSERT INTO employee(employee_id, last_name, first_name, birth, sex, emmail)
VALUES ( ? , ? , ? , ? , ? , ? )
<sql:param value="${employee_id}" />
<sql:param value="${param.last_name}" />
<sql:param value="${param.first_name}" />
<sql:param value="${birth}" />
<sql:param value="${sex}" />
<sql:param value="${email}" />
</sql:update>
<sql:query var="result">
SELECT * FROM employee
</sql:query>
从 employee 取出所有新增的姓名：
<c:forEach items="${result.rows}" var="row" >
新增姓名：<c:out value="${row.last_name}" />
<c:out value="${row.first_name}" />
</c:forEach>
</body>
</html>
回复列表 （共4个回复）
沙发
yexin218 [专家分：4070] 发布于 2006-12-01 13:19:00
接下来就是创建数据库，名字为sample
然后建立一个table: employee,内容如下（其中应该是email,可是我不小心在建数据库打错了，将错就错了）：
+-------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| employee_id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| last_name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| first_name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| birth | date | YES | | NULL | |
| sex | enum(‘m‘,‘f‘) | YES | | m | |
| emmail | varchar(39) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
如果只是这样的话，就会出现这样的错误：报告的错误是：sqle=com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlDataTruncation:
Data truncation: Data too long
for column ‘last_name‘ at row 1 从 employee！
有的情况是：| name |
+-------------+
| ?? |
| 54243654321 |
| ?? |
| ?? |
+-------------+出现问号！
前面我们已经说过了，mysql默认的编码是latin1,不是我们所需要的gbk,所以我们要修改成为utf8，因为若要正确显示中文繁、简、日文、韩文 使用utf8，修改方法如下：
ALTER DATABASE sample ####这里修改整个数据库的编码
CHARACTER SET utf8
DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8
COLLATE utf8_general_ci
DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
当然了，你也可在在建数据库的时候指定编码，比如：
CREATE DATABASE sample
CHARACTER SET utf8
DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8
COLLATE utf8_general_ci
DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci ;
接下来要做的是打开mysql所在的目录下的my.nin
在[mysqld]段加入一下代码改成：
default-character-set=utf8
启动mysql，输入：
执行下列语句，看看结果是不是下面的：
mysql> show variables like ‘%character%‘;
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client | latin1 |
| character_set_connection | latin1 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_results | latin1 |
| character_set_server | utf8
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | C:\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\share\charsets\ |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
mysql> show variables like ‘%collation%‘;
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_database | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-------------------+
然后建立一个table: employee,内容如下（其中应该是email,可是我不小心在建数据库打错了，将错就错了）：
+-------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| employee_id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| last_name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| first_name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| birth | date | YES | | NULL | |
| sex | enum(‘m‘,‘f‘) | YES | | m | |
| emmail | varchar(39) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
如果只是这样的话，就会出现这样的错误：报告的错误是：sqle=com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlDataTruncation:
Data truncation: Data too long
for column ‘last_name‘ at row 1 从 employee！
有的情况是：| name |
+-------------+
| ?? |
| 54243654321 |
| ?? |
| ?? |
+-------------+出现问号！
前面我们已经说过了，mysql默认的编码是latin1,不是我们所需要的gbk,所以我们要修改成为utf8，因为若要正确显示中文繁、简、日文、韩文 使用utf8，修改方法如下：
ALTER DATABASE sample ####这里修改整个数据库的编码
CHARACTER SET utf8
DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8
COLLATE utf8_general_ci
DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
当然了，你也可在在建数据库的时候指定编码，比如：
CREATE DATABASE sample
CHARACTER SET utf8
DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8
COLLATE utf8_general_ci
DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci ;
接下来要做的是打开mysql所在的目录下的my.nin
在[mysqld]段加入一下代码改成：
default-character-set=utf8
启动mysql，输入：
执行下列语句，看看结果是不是下面的：
mysql> show variables like ‘%character%‘;
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client | latin1 |
| character_set_connection | latin1 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_results | latin1 |
| character_set_server | utf8
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | C:\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\share\charsets\ |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
mysql> show variables like ‘%collation%‘;
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_database | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-------------------+
板凳
yexin218 [专家分：4070] 发布于 2006-12-01 13:19:00
接着你再看看执行那个Mysql.html 文件：这回你可以看到的是
mysql> select * from employee;
+-------------+-----------+------------+------------+------+--------------+
| employee_id | last_name | first_name | birth | sex | emmail |
+-------------+-----------+------------+------------+------+--------------+
| 12 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f | aaa@asdf.com |
| 13 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f | aaa@asdf.com |
| 14 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f | aaa@asdf.com |
| 15 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f | aaa@asdf.com |
| 16 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f | aaa@asdf.com |
| 17 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f | aaa@asdf.com |
+-------------+-----------+------------+------------+------+--------------+
这当然不是我们希望看到的，我们需要的现实完美正确的中文：
我们还有最后一招：
mysql> SET NAMES ‘gbk‘ ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
因为我们需要的是gbk.
看看mysql中的character设置情况：
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ‘%character%‘ ;
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client | gbk |
| character_set_connection | gbk |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_results | gbk |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | C:\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\share\charsets\ |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from employee;
+-------------+-----------+------------+------------+------+--------------+
| employee_id | last_name | first_name | birth | sex | emmail |
+-------------+-----------+------------+------------+------+--------------+
| 12 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f | aaa@asdf.com |
| 13 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f | aaa@asdf.com |
| 14 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f | aaa@asdf.com |
| 15 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f | aaa@asdf.com |
| 16 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f | aaa@asdf.com |
| 17 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f | aaa@asdf.com |
+-------------+-----------+------------+------------+------+--------------+
这当然不是我们希望看到的，我们需要的现实完美正确的中文：
我们还有最后一招：
mysql> SET NAMES ‘gbk‘ ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
因为我们需要的是gbk.
看看mysql中的character设置情况：
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ‘%character%‘ ;
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client | gbk |
| character_set_connection | gbk |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_results | gbk |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | C:\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\share\charsets\ |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
3 楼
yexin218 [专家分：4070] 发布于 2006-12-01 13:20:00
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ‘%collation%‘ ;
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | gbk_chinese_ci |
| collation_database | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
这个才是我们最终需要的。
在来查看执行完Mysql_jstl.jsp后的数据库中的结果：
mysql> select * from employee;
| 14 | 王 | 彭给 | 1978-12-11 | f | aaa@asdf.com |
| 15 | 田 | 王光 | 1978-12-11 | f | aaa@asdf.com |
| 16 | 息 | 存入 | 1978-12-11 | f | aaa@asdf.com |
| 17 | 往 | 小杯 | 1978-12-11 | f | aaa@asdf.com |
+-------------+-----------+------------+------------+------+--------------+
可以高兴得看到了中文，并且在浏览器中也显示正确。
但是仅仅这样的话，当你重新启动mysql的时候
所有的设置又失效了。
mysql> show variables like ‘%character%‘;
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client | latin1 |
| character_set_connection | latin1 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_results | latin1 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | C:\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\share\charsets\ |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ‘%collation%‘ ;
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_database | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-------------------+
重新读取又出现乱码：
mysql> select * from employee;
+-------------+-----------+------------+------------+--
| employee_id | last_name | first_name | birth | s
+-------------+-----------+------------+------------+--
| 12 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f
| 13 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f
| 14 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f
| 15 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f
| 16 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f
| 17 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f
+-------------+-----------+------------+------------+--
所以我们需要在客户端设置系统能识别中文的编码gbk并没有保存到my.ini文件中。所以要修改my.ini文件
在[mysql]段加入一下代码改成：default-character-set=gbk 这样设置就得到保存了。
重启就可以了。
mysql> show variables like ‘%character%‘;
+--------------------------+----------------
| Variable_name | Value
+--------------------------+----------------
| character_set_client | gbk
| character_set_connection | gbk
| character_set_database | utf8
| character_set_results | gbk
| character_set_server | utf8
| character_set_system | utf8
| character_sets_dir | C:\MySQL\MySQL
+--------------------------+----------------
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ‘%collation%‘ ;
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | gbk_chinese_ci |
| collation_database | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | gbk_chinese_ci |
| collation_database | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
这个才是我们最终需要的。
在来查看执行完Mysql_jstl.jsp后的数据库中的结果：
mysql> select * from employee;
| 14 | 王 | 彭给 | 1978-12-11 | f | aaa@asdf.com |
| 15 | 田 | 王光 | 1978-12-11 | f | aaa@asdf.com |
| 16 | 息 | 存入 | 1978-12-11 | f | aaa@asdf.com |
| 17 | 往 | 小杯 | 1978-12-11 | f | aaa@asdf.com |
+-------------+-----------+------------+------------+------+--------------+
可以高兴得看到了中文，并且在浏览器中也显示正确。
但是仅仅这样的话，当你重新启动mysql的时候
所有的设置又失效了。
mysql> show variables like ‘%character%‘;
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client | latin1 |
| character_set_connection | latin1 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_results | latin1 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | C:\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\share\charsets\ |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ‘%collation%‘ ;
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_database | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-------------------+
重新读取又出现乱码：
mysql> select * from employee;
+-------------+-----------+------------+------------+--
| employee_id | last_name | first_name | birth | s
+-------------+-----------+------------+------------+--
| 12 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f
| 13 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f
| 14 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f
| 15 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f
| 16 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f
| 17 | ? | ?? | 1978-12-11 | f
+-------------+-----------+------------+------------+--
所以我们需要在客户端设置系统能识别中文的编码gbk并没有保存到my.ini文件中。所以要修改my.ini文件
在[mysql]段加入一下代码改成：default-character-set=gbk 这样设置就得到保存了。
重启就可以了。
mysql> show variables like ‘%character%‘;
+--------------------------+----------------
| Variable_name | Value
+--------------------------+----------------
| character_set_client | gbk
| character_set_connection | gbk
| character_set_database | utf8
| character_set_results | gbk
| character_set_server | utf8
| character_set_system | utf8
| character_sets_dir | C:\MySQL\MySQL
+--------------------------+----------------
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ‘%collation%‘ ;
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | gbk_chinese_ci |
| collation_database | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+