加载这些容器的配置文件的xml有一下几种常见的方法：

Resource resource = new ClassPathResource("appcontext.xml");
BeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(resource);

从factory中获取相应资源文件中的bean，但是这种bean读不到引用了其他文件中的bean！

ApplicationContext factory=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:applicationContext.xml");
ApplicationContext factory=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("conf/userConfig.xml"); // src/conf 目录下的 
ApplicationContext factory=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("file:G:/Test/src/appcontext.xml");
3：用文件系统的路径引用应用上下文用FileSystemXmlApplicationContext

ApplicationContext factory=new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("src/applicationContext.xml"); 
ApplicationContext factory=new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:appcontext.xml");
ApplicationContext factory=new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("file:G:/Test/src/appcontext.xml");
ApplicationContext factory=new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("G:/Test/src/appcontext.xml");

注意：在2、3的加载方式中可以加载多个配置文件，获取到ApplicationContext 对象中

String[] configs = {"applicationContext.xml","user_spring.xml"};
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(configs);
//ApplicationContext ctx=new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(configs);

AbstractDao myUserDAO = (AbstractDao) ctx.getBean("userDao");

ServletContext servletContext = request.getSession().getServletContext(); 
ApplicationContext ctx = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servletContext );

文章转载：

it_cuihao：Spring加载配置文件的几种方法（org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException）