Django之前学习的的都是实现前后的不分离式的，Django也可以实现前后端分离式的开发，即视图中不使用render返回渲染的html页面，而是改用JsonResponse返回json字符串

 

1.创建testcaset应用，并将'testcase.apps.TestcaseConfig',添加到settings.py的INSTALLED_APPS中

 

2.models.py  ----------表结构设计

 1 from django.db import models
 2 
 3 # Create your models here.
 4 class BaseModel(models.Model):
 5     create_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='创建时间')
 6     update_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True, verbose_name='修改时间')
 7     is_delete = models.BooleanField(verbose_name='是否删除', default=False)
 8 
 9     class Meta:
10         abstract = True #声明这个类只是用来继承的，不会创建这张表
11 
12 class CaseSet(BaseModel):#用例集合和用例多对多关系
13     name = models.CharField(verbose_name='集合名称',max_length=60)
14     desc = models.CharField(verbose_name='集合描述',max_length=70)
15     class Meta:
16         db_table = 'case_set'
17         verbose_name = '用例集合表'
18         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
19 
20     def __str__(self):
21          return self.name
22 
23 class Case(BaseModel):
24     title = models.CharField(verbose_name='用例标题',max_length=80,db_index=True)
25     desc = models.CharField(verbose_name='用例描述',max_length=120)
26     method_choice = [
27         [0,'get'],
28         [1,'post'],
29         [2,'put'],
30         [3,'delete']
31     ] #枚举
32     method = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=method_choice,verbose_name='请求方式',default=0)
33     url = models.URLField(max_length=50,verbose_name='请求url')
34     params = models.TextField(verbose_name='请求参数')
35     run_count = models.IntegerField(verbose_name='运行次数',default=0)
36     run_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name='运行时间',default=None)
37     case_set = models.ManyToManyField(CaseSet,db_constraint=False,verbose_name='用例集合')
38 
39     class Meta:
40         db_table = 'case'
41         verbose_name = '用例表'
42         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
43 
44     def __str__(self):
45          return self.title

 

3.views.py---------------------视图实现返回接口

 1 from django.forms import model_to_dict
 2 from django.http import JsonResponse
 3 from django.shortcuts import render
 4 from django.views import View
 5 
 6 from . import models
 7 
 8 
 9 # Create your views here.
10 # django前后端分离，开发后端接口
11 def case_set(request):
12     # 添加用例集合
13     name = request.POST.get('name')
14     desc = request.POST.get('desc')
15     if name.strip() and desc.strip():
16         models.CaseSet.objects.create(name=name, desc=desc)
17         data = {'code': 0, 'msg': '添加成功'}
18     else:
19         data = {'code': -1, 'msg': '参数错误'}
20     return JsonResponse(data)  # 通过JsonResponse类返回json字符串，data必须传字典，不然会报错
21 
22 
23 def case_set_all(req):
24     case_sets = models.CaseSet.objects.filter(is_delete=False)
25     data = []
26     for c in case_sets:
27         d = model_to_dict(c)
28         data.append(d)
29     response = {'code': 0, 'msg': '添加成功', 'data': data}
30     return JsonResponse(response, json_dumps_params={'ensure_ascii': False})  # 汉字不转义
31 
32 
33 # restful代码设计风格，不同的请求方式整个在一个方法中，不需要定义多个方法
34 def case_set_new(req):
35     if req.method == 'GET':
36         case_sets = models.CaseSet.objects.filter(is_delete=False)
37         data = []
38         for c in case_sets:
39             d = model_to_dict(c)
40             data.append(d)
41         response = {'code': 0, 'msg': '添加成功', 'data': data}
42         return JsonResponse(response, json_dumps_params={'ensure_ascii': False})  # 汉字不转义
43     elif req.method == 'POST':
44         name = req.POST.get('name')
45         desc = req.POST.get('desc')
46         if name.strip() and desc.strip():
47             models.CaseSet.objects.create(name=name, desc=desc)
48             data = {'code': 0, 'msg': '添加成功'}
49         else:
50             data = {'code': -1, 'msg': '参数错误'}
51         return JsonResponse(data)  # 通过JsonResponse类返回json字符串
52     elif req.method == 'PUT':
53         pass
54     elif req.method == 'DELETE':
55         pass
56 
57 
58 # cvb
59 class CaseSet(View):
60     def get(self):
61         case_sets = models.CaseSet.objects.filter(is_delete=False)
62         data = []
63         for c in case_sets:
64             d = model_to_dict(c)
65             data.append(d)
66         response = {'code': 0, 'msg': '添加成功', 'data': data}
67         return JsonResponse(response, json_dumps_params={'ensure_ascii': False})  # 汉字不转义
68 
69     def post(self, req):
70         name = req.POST.get('name')
71         desc = req.POST.get('desc')
72         if name.strip() and desc.strip():
73             models.CaseSet.objects.create(name=name, desc=desc)
74             data = {'code': 0, 'msg': '添加成功'}
75         else:
76             data = {'code': -1, 'msg': '参数错误'}
77         return JsonResponse(data)  # 通过JsonResponse类返回json字符串
78 
79     def put(self, req):
80         pass
81 
82     def delete(self, req):
83         pass

 

4.testcase/urls.py-----------配置urls

1 from django.urls import path
2 from . import views
3 
4 urlpatterns = [
5     path('add_case_set/',views.case_set),
6     path('case_set/',views.case_set_all),
7     path('case_set_new/',views.case_set_new)
8 ]

 

5.dj_test/urls.py-----------项目中配置url

1 from django.contrib import admin
2 from django.urls import path,include
3 from testcase import urls
4 
5 urlpatterns = [
6     #引用子应用中的url
7     path('testcase/',include(urls))
8 ]

 

6.浏览器输入：http：//127.0.0.1：8000/testcase/case_set_new  或者postman进行访问