rewrite ^/b/(.*)\.html /play.php?video=$1 break;

如果加上if语句，示例如下：

if (!-f $request_filename)

rewrite ^/img/(.*)$ /site/$host/images/$1 last;

Nginx与Apache的Rewrite规则实例对比

简单的Nginx和Apache 重写规则区别不大，基本上能够完全兼容。例如：

Apache Rewrite 规则：

RewriteRule ^/(mianshi|xianjing)/$ /zl/index.php?name=$1 [L]

RewriteRule ^/ceshi/$ /zl/ceshi.php [L]

RewriteRule ^/(mianshi)_([a-zA-Z]+)/$ /zl/index.php?name=$1_$2 [L]

RewriteRule ^/pingce([0-9]*)/$ /zl/pingce.php?id=$1 [L]

Nginx Rewrite 规则：

rewrite ^/(mianshi|xianjing)/$ /zl/index.php?name=$1 last;

rewrite ^/ceshi/$ /zl/ceshi.php last;

rewrite ^/(mianshi)_([a-zA-Z]+)/$ /zl/index.php?name=$1_$2 last;

rewrite ^/pingce([0-9]*)/$ /zl/pingce.php?id=$1 last;

由以上示例可以看出，Apache的Rewrite规则改为Nginx的Rewrite规则，其实很简单：Apache的RewriteRule指令换成Nginx的rewrite指令，Apache的[L]标记换成Nginx的last标记，中间的内容不变。

如果Apache的Rewrite规则改为Nginx的Rewrite规则后，使用nginx -t命令检查发现nginx.conf配置文件有语法错误，那么可以尝试给条件加上引号。例如一下的Nginx Rewrite规则会报语法错误：

rewrite ^/([0-9]{5}).html$ /x.jsp?id=$1 last;

加上引号就正确了： rewrite “^/([0-9]{5}).html$” /x.jsp?id=$1 last;

Apache与Nginx的Rewrite规则在URL跳转时有细微的区别：

Apache Rewrite 规则： RewriteRule ^/html/tagindex/([a-zA-Z]+)/.*$ /$1/ [R=301,L]

Nginx Rewrite 规则： rewrite ^/html/tagindex/([a-zA-Z]+)/.*$ http://$host/$1/ permanent;

以上示例中，我们注意到，Nginx Rewrite 规则的置换串中增加了“http://$host”，这是在Nginx中要求的。

另外，Apache与Nginx的Rewrite规则在变量名称方面也有区别，例如：

Apache Rewrite 规则： RewriteRule ^/user/login/$ /user/login.php?login=1&forward=http://%{HTTP_HOST} [L]

Nginx Rewrite 规则： rewrite ^/user/login/$ /user/login.php?login=1&forward=http://$host   last;

Apache与Nginx Rewrite 规则的一些功能相同或类似的指令、标记对应关系：

Apache的RewriteCond指令对应Nginx的if指令； Apache的RewriteRule指令对应Nginx的rewrite指令； Apache的[R]标记对应Nginx的redirect标记； Apache的[P]标记对应Nginx的last标记； Apache的[R,L]标记对应Nginx的redirect标记； Apache的[P,L]标记对应Nginx的last标记； Apache的[PT,L]标记对应Nginx的last标记；

允许指定的域名访问本站，其他域名一律跳转到http://www.aaa.com

Apache Rewrite 规则： RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST}    ^(.*?)\.domain\.com$ RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST}    !^qita\.domain\.com$ RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/market/%1/index.htm -f RewriteRule ^/wu/$ /market/%1/index.htm [L]

Nginx的if指令不支持嵌套，也不支持AND、OR等多条件匹配，相比于Apache的RewriteCond，显得麻烦一些，但是，我们可以通过下一页的Nginx配置写法来实现这个示例：

Nginx Rewrite 规则： if ($host ~* ^(.*?)\.domain\.com$) set $var_wupin_city $1;      set $var_wupin ‘1′;

if ($host ~* ^qita\.domain\.com$)

set $var_wupin ‘0′;

if (!-f $document_root/market/$var_wupin_city/index.htm)

set $var_wupin ‘0′;

if ($var_wupin ~ ‘1′)

rewrite ^/wu/$ /market/$var_wupin_city/index.htm last; }

1. ~ 为区分大小写匹配
2. ~* 为不区分大小写匹配
3. !~和!~*分别为区分大小写不匹配及不区分大小写不匹

1. -f和!-f用来判断是否存在文件
2. -d和!-d用来判断是否存在目录
3. -e和!-e用来判断是否存在文件或目录
4. -x和!-x用来判断文件是否可执行

1. last 相当于Apache里的[L]标记，表示完成rewrite，呵呵这应该是最常用的
2. break 终止匹配, 不再匹配后面的规则
3. redirect 返回302临时重定向 地址栏会显示跳转后的地址
4. permanent 返回301永久重定向 地址栏会显示跳转后的地址

1. $args
2. $content_length
3. $content_type
4. $document_root
5. $document_uri
6. $host
7. $http_user_agent
8. $http_cookie
9. $limit_rate
10. $request_body_file
11. $request_method
12. $remote_addr
13. $remote_port
14. $remote_user
15. $request_filename
16. $request_uri
17. $query_string
18. $scheme
19. $server_protocol
20. $server_addr
21. $server_name
22. $server_port
23. $uri

1. if (!-d $request_filename) {
2. rewrite ^/([a-z-A-Z]+)/([a-z-A-Z]+)/?(.*)$ /index.php?namespace=user&controller=$1&action=$2&$3 last;
3. rewrite ^/([a-z-A-Z]+)/?$ /index.php?namespace=user&controller=$1 last;
4. break;

1. if ($host ~* (.*)\.domain\.com) {
2. set $sub_name $1;
3. rewrite ^/sort\/(\d+)\/?$ /index.php?act=sort&cid=$sub_name&id=$1 last;
4. }

1. rewrite ^/(\d+)/(.+)/ /$2?id=$1 last;

1. if ($http_user_agent ~ MSIE) {
2. rewrite ^(.*)$ /nginx-ie/$1 break;
3. }

1. if (-d $request_filename){
2. rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;
3. }

1. location ~/\.ht {
2. deny all;
3. }

1. location ~ ^/(cron|templates)/ {
2. deny all;
3. break;
4. }

1. location ~ ^/data {
2. deny all;
3. }

1. location /searchword/cron/ {
2. deny all;
3. }

1. location ~ /data/sql/data.sql {
2. deny all;
3. }

1. location ~(favicon.ico) {
2. log_not_found off;
3. expires 99d;
4. break;
5. }
6. location ~(robots.txt) {
7. log_not_found off;
8. expires 7d;
9. break;
10. }

1. location ^~ /html/scripts/loadhead_1.js {
2. access_log   off;
3. root /opt/lampp/htdocs/web;
4. expires 600;
5. break;
6. }

1. location ~* ^.+\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|swf|rar|zip|css|js)$ {
2. valid_referers none blocked *.c1gstudio.com *.c1gstudio.net localhost 208.97.167.194;
3. if ($invalid_referer) {
4. rewrite ^/ http://leech.divmy.com/leech.gif;
5. return 412;
6. break;
7. }
8. access_log   off;
9. root /opt/lampp/htdocs/web;
10. expires 3d;
11. break;
12. }

1. root  /opt/htdocs/www;
2. allow   208.97.167.194;
3. allow   222.33.1.2;
4. allow   231.152.49.4;
5. deny    all;
6. auth_basic “C1G_ADMIN”;
7. auth_basic_user_file htpasswd;

1. rewrite ^/job-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ /job/$1/$2/jobshow_$3.html last;

1. rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;

1. rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job$ /area/$1/ last;
2. rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;

1. if (-d $request_filename){
2. rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;
3. }

1. rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job$ /$1job/ permanent;
2. rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;

1. if (!-e $request_filename) {
2. proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
3. }

1. server
2. {
3. listen       80;
4. server_name  jump.88dgw.com;
5. index index.html index.htm index.php;
6. root  /opt/lampp/htdocs/www;
7. rewrite ^/ http://www.88dgw.com/;
8. access_log  off;
9. }

1. server_name  www.7oom.com/  www.divmy.com/;
2. index index.html index.htm index.php;
3. root  /opt/lampp/htdocs;
4. if ($host ~ “c1gstudio\.net”) {
5. rewrite ^(.*) http://www.7oom.com$1/ permanent;
6. }

1. if ($http_host ~* “^(.*)\.i\.c1gstudio\.com$”) {
2. rewrite ^(.*) http://top.88dgw.com$1/;
3. break;
4. }

1. server
2. {
3. listen       80;
4. server_name  mirror.c1gstudio.com;
5. index index.html index.htm index.php;
6. root  /opt/lampp/htdocs/www;
7. rewrite ^/(.*) http://www.divmy.com/$1 last;
8. access_log  off;
9. }

1. location ^~ /zhaopinhui {
2. rewrite ^.+ http://zph.divmy.com/ last;
3. break;
4. }

1. rewrite ^/(space|network)-(.+)\.html$ /$1.php?rewrite=$2 last;
2. rewrite ^/(space|network)\.html$ /$1.php last;
3. rewrite ^/([0-9]+)$ /space.php?uid=$1 last;

1. rewrite ^(.*)/archiver/((fid|tid)-[\w\-]+\.html)$ $1/archiver/index.php?$2 last;
2. rewrite ^(.*)/forum-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/forumdisplay.php?fid=$2&page=$3 last;
3. rewrite ^(.*)/thread-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/viewthread.php?tid=$2&extra=page\%3D$4&page=$3 last;
4. rewrite ^(.*)/profile-(username|uid)-(.+)\.html$ $1/viewpro.php?$2=$3 last;
5. rewrite ^(.*)/space-(username|uid)-(.+)\.html$ $1/space.php?$2=$3 last;
6. rewrite ^(.*)/tag-(.+)\.html$ $1/tag.php?name=$2 last;

1. server_name  bbs.c1gstudio.com news.c1gstudio.com;
2. location = / {
3. if ($http_host ~ news\.divmy.com$) {
4. rewrite ^.+ http://news.divmy.com/forum-831-1.html last;
5. break;
6. }
7. }

1. location ^~ /ucenter {
2. location ~ .*\.php?$
3. {
4. #fastcgi_pass  unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
5. fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
6. fastcgi_index index.php;
7. include fcgi.conf;
8. }
9. location /ucenter/data/avatar {
10. log_not_found off;
11. access_log   off;
12. location ~ /(.*)_big\.jpg$ {
13. error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_big.gif;
14. }
15. location ~ /(.*)_middle\.jpg$ {
16. error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_middle.gif;
17. }
18. location ~ /(.*)_small\.jpg$ {
19. error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_small.gif;
20. }
21. expires 300;
22. break;
23. }
24. }

1. location ~ .*\.php?$
2. {
3. #fastcgi_pass  unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
4. fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
5. fastcgi_index index.php;
6. include fcgi.conf;
7. }
8. location ~* ^/index.php/
9. {
10. rewrite ^/index.php/(.*) /index.php?$1 break;
11. fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
12. fastcgi_index index.php;
13. include fcgi.conf;
14. }