实际项目中也存在很多的一对多的情况,下面看看这个简单的例子
table.sql
CREATE TABLE tb_clazz(
id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
CODE VARCHAR(18),
NAME VARCHAR(18)
);
INSERT INTO tb_clazz(CODE,NAME) VALUES('w5','五年级');
CREATE TABLE tb_student(
id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
NAME VARCHAR(18),
sex VARCHAR(18),
age INT,
clazz_id INT,
FOREIGN KEY (clazz_id) REFERENCES tb_clazz(id)
);
INSERT INTO tb_student(NAME,sex,age,clazz_id) VALUES('张三','男',13,1);
INSERT INTO tb_student(NAME,sex,age,clazz_id) VALUES('李四','女',14,1);
INSERT INTO tb_student(NAME,sex,age,clazz_id) VALUES('王五','男',13,1);
INSERT INTO tb_student(NAME,sex,age,clazz_id) VALUES('赵六','女',12,1);
创建一个Clazz对象和一个Student对象分别映射tb_clazz和tb_student表。班级和学生是一对多的关系,即一个班级可以有很多个学生,在Clazz类定义了一个student属性,该属性是一个List集合,用来映射一对多的关联关系,表示一个班级有多个学生
学生和班级是多对一的关系,即一个学生只属于一个班级,在student类当中定义一个clazz属性,该属性是一个Clazz类型,用来映射 多对一的关联关系,表示该学生所属的班级
Clazz.java
public class Clazz implements Serializable {
private Integer id; // 班级id,主键
private String code; // 班级编号
private String name; // 班级名称
// 班级和学生是一对多的关系,即一个班级可以有多个学生
private List<Student> students;
}
Student.java
public class Student implements Serializable {
private Integer id; // 学生id,主键
private String name; // 姓名
private String sex; // 性别
private Integer age; // 年龄
// 学生和班级是多对一的关系,即一个学生只属于一个班级
private Clazz clazz;
}
xml文件的配置
ClazzMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!-- namespace指用户自定义的命名空间。 -->
<mapper namespace="com.rookie.bigdata.mapper.ClazzMapper">
<!-- 根据id查询班级信息,返回resultMap -->
<select id="selectClazzById" parameterType="int" resultMap="clazzResultMap">
SELECT * FROM tb_clazz WHERE id = #{id}
</select>
<!-- 映射Clazz对象的resultMap -->
<resultMap type="com.rookie.bigdata.domain.Clazz" id="clazzResultMap">
<id property="id" column="id"/>
<result property="code" column="code"/>
<result property="name" column="name"/>
<!-- 一对多关联映射:collection fetchType="lazy"表示懒加载 -->
<collection property="students" javaType="ArrayList"
column="id" ofType="com.rookie.bigdata.domain.Student"
select="com.rookie.bigdata.mapper.StudentMapper.selectStudentByClazzId"
fetchType="lazy">
<id property="id" column="id"/>
<result property="name" column="name"/>
<result property="sex" column="sex"/>
<result property="age" column="age"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>
</mapper>
StudentMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!-- namespace指用户自定义的命名空间。 -->
<mapper namespace="com.rookie.bigdata.mapper.StudentMapper">
<!-- 根据id查询学生信息,多表连接,返回resultMap -->
<select id="selectStudentById" parameterType="int" resultMap="studentResultMap">
SELECT * FROM tb_clazz c,tb_student s
WHERE c.id = s.clazz_id
AND s.id = #{id}
</select>
<!-- 根据班级id查询学生信息,返回resultMap -->
<select id="selectStudentByClazzId" parameterType="int"
resultMap="studentResultMap">
SELECT * FROM tb_student WHERE clazz_id = #{id}
</select>
<!-- 映射Student对象的resultMap -->
<resultMap type="com.rookie.bigdata.domain.Student" id="studentResultMap">
<id property="id" column="id"/>
<result property="name" column="name"/>
<result property="sex" column="sex"/>
<result property="age" column="age"/>
<!-- 多对一关联映射:association -->
<association property="clazz" javaType="com.rookie.bigdata.domain.Clazz">
<id property="id" column="id"/>
<result property="code" column="code"/>
<result property="name" column="name"/>
</association>
</resultMap>
</mapper>
mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!-- XML 配置文件包含对 MyBatis 系统的核心设置 -->
<configuration>
<!-- 指定 MyBatis 所用日志的具体实现 -->
<settings>
<setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
<!-- 要使延迟加载生效必须配置下面两个属性 -->
<setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/>
<setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="false"/>
</settings>
<environments default="mysql">
<!-- 环境配置,即连接的数据库。 -->
<environment id="mysql">
<!-- 指定事务管理类型,type="JDBC"指直接简单使用了JDBC的提交和回滚设置 -->
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<!-- dataSource指数据源配置,POOLED是JDBC连接对象的数据源连接池的实现。 -->
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://192.168.47.151:3306/mybatis"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="root"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- mappers告诉了MyBatis去哪里找持久化类的映射文件 -->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="mapper/ClazzMapper.xml"/>
<mapper resource="mapper/StudentMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
ClazzMapp.java
public interface ClazzMapper {
// 根据id查询班级信息
Clazz selectClazzById(Integer id);
}
StudentMapper.java
public interface StudentMapper {
// 根据id查询学生信息
Student selectStudentById(Integer id);
}
测试代码
OneToManyTest.java
public class OneToManyTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 读取mybatis-config.xml文件
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
// 初始化mybatis,创建SqlSessionFactory类的实例
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder()
.build(inputStream);
// 创建Session实例
SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
OneToManyTest t = new OneToManyTest();
t.testSelectClazzById(session);
// t.testSelectStudentById(session);
// 提交事务
session.commit();
// 关闭Session
session.close();
}
// 测试一对多,查询班级Clazz(一)的时候级联查询学生Student(多)
public void testSelectClazzById(SqlSession session){
// 获得ClazzMapper接口的代理对象
ClazzMapper cm = session.getMapper(ClazzMapper.class);
// 调用selectClazzById方法
Clazz clazz = cm.selectClazzById(1);
System.out.println(clazz);
// 查看查询到的clazz对象信息
System.out.println(clazz.getId() + " "+ clazz.getCode() + " "+clazz.getName());
// 查看clazz对象关联的学生信息
List<Student> students = clazz.getStudents();
for(Student stu : students){
System.out.println(stu);
}
}
// 测试多对一,查询学生Student(多)的时候级联查询 班级Clazz(一)
public void testSelectStudentById(SqlSession session){
// 获得StudentMapper接口的代理对象
StudentMapper sm = session.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
// 调用selectStudentById方法
Student stu = sm.selectStudentById(1);
// 查看查询到的Student对象信息
System.out.println(stu);
// 查看Student对象关联的班级信息
System.out.println(stu.getClazz());
}
}
至此一对多关系关系映射测试完成