准备
准备两台机器，IP地址信息如下：
host1： 192.168.56.103
host2： 192.168.56.104
为了测试需要，分别在两台机器上安装apache并启动httpd服务，使下面两个url均可访问：
- http://192.168.56.103
- http://192.168.56.104
安装keepalived
在两台机器上分别安装keepalived
sudo yum install -y keepalived
配置keepalived
host1上keepalived 配置
$ cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth2
virtual_router_id
priority
advert_int
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.56.105
}
}
host2上keepalived 配置
$ cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth2
virtual_router_id
priority
advert_int
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.56.105
}
}
启动keepalived 服务
$ sudo service keepalived start
$ sudo chkconfig keepalived on
测试
服务启动后，先访问下面的虚拟地址访问http服务器
http://192.168.56.105
查看IP地址信息
host1上IP地址信息
$ ip addr show eth2
: eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether ::::: brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.56.103/ brd 192.168.56.255 scope global eth2
inet 192.168.56.105/ scope global eth2
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe32:/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
其中可以看到inet 192.168.56.105/32 scope global eth2，说明现在host1是作为虚拟IP的master来运行的。
host2上IP地址信息
$ ip addr show eth2
: eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether :::ec::7b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.56.104/ brd 192.168.56.255 scope global eth2
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:feec:907b/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
此时host2上ip地址信息中不包含虚拟IP"192.168.56.105"信息。
验证IP地址Failover
现在手动停止host1上的keepalived服务
$ sudo service keepalived stop
host1上IP地址信息
$ ip addr show eth2
: eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether ::::: brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.56.103/ brd 192.168.56.255 scope global eth2
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe32:/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
此时host1上ip地址信息中不再包含虚拟IP"192.168.56.105"信息。
host2上IP地址信息
$ ip addr show eth2
: eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether :::ec::7b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.56.104/ brd 192.168.56.255 scope global eth2
inet 192.168.56.105/ scope global eth2
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:feec:907b/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
现在可以看到host2上ip地址信息中已经包含虚拟IP"192.168.56.105"信息了。
此时如果再把host1上的keepalived服务启动，会发现虚拟IP"192.168.56.105"又重新绑定到host1上了。