最近学习WPF,尝试着自己做一些小玩意,也遇到了一些问题,于是整理记录以便日后查阅。
我们都知道WPF可以实现一些很炫的效果,然而有时候为达到这个目的却并不是一件很容易的事情。比如:在软件中我希望能够通过渐隐渐现实现窗体背景的切换,在网上也没找到相关的Demo,只好硬着头皮去看相关的API。
要实现渐隐渐现的效果并不难,只需要通过控制修改背景的透明度即可实现,然而,如何在渐隐之后切换另一个图片背景再渐现出来却着实难了我很久。所幸终于找到了一个解决方案。相关实现过程如下:
<Border x:Name="bgBorder" CornerRadius="3,3,3,3">
<Border.Background>
<ImageBrush ImageSource="Image/bg.jpg" Stretch="UniformToFill"/>
</Border.Background>
...
</Border>
.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }
这里我使用的是自定义窗体,如上所示,我们需要对Border的背景图片进行替换。
首先是定义一段渐隐的动画,通过修改背景的透明度即可:
1: DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames da = new DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames();
2: EasingDoubleKeyFrame sd = new EasingDoubleKeyFrame(0, KeyTime.FromTimeSpan(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(1005)));
3: da.KeyFrames.Add(sd);
4: Storyboard.SetTargetName(da, bgBorder.Name);
5: DependencyProperty[] propertyChain = new DependencyProperty[]
6: {
7: Panel.BackgroundProperty,
8: Brush.OpacityProperty
9: };
10: Storyboard.SetTargetProperty(da, new PropertyPath("(0).(1)", propertyChain));
.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }
然后定义一段渐现的动画,也是通过修改透明度进行:
1: DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames da2 = new DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames();
2: da2.BeginTime = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 0, 1, 5);
3: EasingDoubleKeyFrame sd2 = new EasingDoubleKeyFrame(1, KeyTime.FromTimeSpan(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(1200)));
4: da2.KeyFrames.Add(sd2);
5: Storyboard.SetTargetName(da2, bgBorder.Name);
6: Storyboard.SetTargetProperty(da2, new PropertyPath("(0).(1)", propertyChain));
.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }
最后是在两段动画之间插入一个修改背景图片的小动画:
1: ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames oa = new ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames();
2: DiscreteObjectKeyFrame diso = new DiscreteObjectKeyFrame(new BitmapImage(new Uri(@"/Test;component/Image/bg.jpg", UriKind.Relative)), KeyTime.FromTimeSpan(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(10)));
3: oa.KeyFrames.Add(diso);
4: oa.BeginTime = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 0, 1, 0);
5: Storyboard.SetTargetName(oa, bgBorder.Name);
6: DependencyProperty[] propertyChain2 = new DependencyProperty[]
7: {
8: Panel.BackgroundProperty,
9: ImageBrush.ImageSourceProperty
10: };
11: Storyboard.SetTargetProperty(oa, new PropertyPath("(0).(1)", propertyChain2));
.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }
接着将三段动画组合起来:
1: bgstoryboard.Children.Add(da);
2: bgstoryboard.Children.Add(oa);
3: bgstoryboard.Children.Add(da2);
.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }
.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }
但是现在只是做到了背景的渐隐渐现还是无法做到背景切换,如下功能就是实现背景切换:
1: private void BgSwitch(string imgPath)
2: {
3: var obj = bgstoryboard.Children.FirstOrDefault(c => c is ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames);
4: if (obj != null)
5: {
6: ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames oa = obj as ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames;
7: if (oa.KeyFrames.Count > 0)
8: {
9: oa.KeyFrames[0].Value = new BitmapImage(new Uri(imgPath));
10: }
11: }
12: }
.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }
想要实现每隔一段时间更换一次背景,我们还需要一个Timer来控制:
1: bgTimer = new DispatcherTimer();
2: bgTimer.Interval = new TimeSpan(0, 0,5);
3: bgTimer.Tick += bgTimer_Tick;
.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }
为了看到效果,将Timer间隔设置为五秒
1: void bgTimer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
2: {
3: if (ListImages.Count > 0)
4: {
5: if (ImageIndex >= ListImages.Count)
6: {
7: ImageIndex = 0;
8: }
9: BgSwitch(ListImages[ImageIndex]);
10: if (ImageIndex == 1 && ListImages.Count == 1)
11: {
12: bgTimer.Stop();
13: }
14: else
15: {
16: bgstoryboard.Begin(this);
17: ImageIndex++;
18: }
19:
20: }
21:
22: }
.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }
ListImages是要替换的背景图片路径集合,如果只有一张背景图片,我们是不需要启动替换动画的。
最后的效果如下:
隔五秒之后,替换成另外一个背景:
Demo下载地址:Demo