Nginx是一款轻量级的web服务器/反向代理服务器,更详细的释义自己百度了。目前国内像新浪、网易等都在使用它。先说下我的服务器软件环境:
系统:windows_server_2008_standard_enterprise_and_datacenter_with_sp2_x64
当前运行的Tomcat:非安装版本Tomcat 6.0.36
就说这两个关键的吧,目前遇到的问题是访问量剧增单个tomcat已无力负载了,经常出现超时的情况。于是就计划用nginx布置负载均衡,网络上查到的资料多是介绍linux版本的nginx的布置及使用,但在windows中如果使用linux版本的nginx只能做个测试用,实际生产环境是无法使用的,会报如下的错误:
maximum number of descriptors supported by select() is 1024 while waiting for request
这是因为文件访问句柄数被限制为1024了,当访问量大时就会无法响应。去网上有查过很多资料说是修改参数worker_connections可以解决此限制,还有其它很多说修改worker_rlimit_nofile 参数等,都尝试了但都以失败告终。就在准备换其它工具时在国外的一个论坛看到了一条回复,地址不记得了,说的是有专门的windows版本的nginx,已修改了文件句柄数据的限制。后来下载后果真配置成功运行ok了。只要下载到正确的版本配置还是so easy的。以下为下载配置过程哈~~
nginx for windows官网:http://nginx-win.ecsds.eu/
nginx for windows下载载地址: http://nginx-win.ecsds.eu/download/
我下载的是nginx 1.7.7.1 WhiteRabbit.zip这个版本,太新的版本我怕不稳定。下载完毕后解压安装包,里面有个简要的更新信息和安装指南Readme nginx-win version.txt。关键信息如下:
*** Default installation instructions; * New: unzip this version with folder structure * Old: overwrite with this version * Check nginx.conf, nginx-org.conf and nginx-win.conf * Windows optimization registry file: check your current values BEFORE setting the new ones找到conf文件夹中的nginx-win.conf,把它复制一份更名为nginx.conf,然后在此文件中做配置,我的配置文件如下:
#user nobody; # multiple workers works ! # 工作进程数:这个数值要根据服务器CPU核心数来配置,如6核12线程的cpu可以配置为6或12。 worker_processes 6; #错误日志存放路径 #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { #设置单个进程同时打开的最大连接数,这个值设置大些能接受较多的连接,当然这需要cpu和内存支持哦~~ worker_connections 32768; # max value 32768, nginx recycling connections+registry optimization = # this.value * 20 = max concurrent connections currently tested with one worker # C1000K should be possible depending there is enough ram/cpu power # multi_accept on; } http { #include /nginx/conf/naxsi_core.rules; include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr:$remote_port - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; # # loadbalancing PHP # upstream myLoadBalancer { # server 127.0.0.1:9001 weight=1 fail_timeout=5; # server 127.0.0.1:9002 weight=1 fail_timeout=5; # server 127.0.0.1:9003 weight=1 fail_timeout=5; # server 127.0.0.1:9004 weight=1 fail_timeout=5; # server 127.0.0.1:9005 weight=1 fail_timeout=5; # server 127.0.0.1:9006 weight=1 fail_timeout=5; # server 127.0.0.1:9007 weight=1 fail_timeout=5; # server 127.0.0.1:9008 weight=1 fail_timeout=5; # server 127.0.0.1:9009 weight=1 fail_timeout=5; # server 127.0.0.1:9010 weight=1 fail_timeout=5; # least_conn; # } # 在此处设置tomcat服务器信息,同样tomcat也可以不在同一主机中。这里设置了两个tomcat服务,比重是1:1了。 localhost更换为服务器的IP upstream localhost{ #ip_hash; server 127.0.0.1:9010 weight=1; server 127.0.0.1:9020 weight=1; } sendfile off; #tcp_nopush on; server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; ## Start: Timeouts ## client_body_timeout 10; client_header_timeout 10; keepalive_timeout 80; send_timeout 10; keepalive_requests 10; ## End: Timeouts ## #gzip on; server { #这个很关键~~它是nginx监听的端口哦~~ listen 8080; server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; # For Naxsi remove the single # line for learn mode, or the ## lines for full WAF mode location / { #include /nginx/conf/mysite.rules; # see also http block naxsi include line ##SecRulesEnabled; ##DeniedUrl "/RequestDenied"; ##CheckRule "$SQL >= 8" BLOCK; ##CheckRule "$RFI >= 8" BLOCK; ##CheckRule "$TRAVERSAL >= 4" BLOCK; ##CheckRule "$XSS >= 8" BLOCK; proxy_pass http://localhost; root html; index index.html index.htm; } # For Naxsi remove the ## lines for full WAF mode, redirect location block used by naxsi ##location /RequestDenied { ## return 412; ##} ## Lua examples ! # location /robots.txt { # rewrite_by_lua ' # if ngx.var.http_host ~= "localhost" then # return ngx.exec("/robots_disallow.txt"); # end # '; # } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ \.php$ { # root html; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # single backend process # fastcgi_pass myLoadBalancer; # or multiple, see example above # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443 ssl spdy; # server_name localhost; # ssl on; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers On; # ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; # ssl_ciphers ECDH+AESGCM:DH+AESGCM:ECDH+AES256:DH+AES256:ECDH+AES128:DH+AES:ECDH+3DES:DH+3DES:RSA+AESGCM:RSA+AES:RSA+3DES:!aNULL:!eNULL:!MD5:!DSS; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} }
Tomcat的配置就比较简单了就是再复制一个改三处端口就可以了。具体自己百度了。
配置完毕运行nginx.exe和tomcat就可以验证配置情况了。
nginx启动控制我采用了网上一哥们的脚本,地址如下:
http://feitianbenyue.iteye.com/blog/1989868