《实验任务2》
“Person.hpp”
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
class Person
{
private:
string name;
string telephone;
string email;
public:
Person(){}
Person(string na, string te, string em):name(na), telephone(te), email(em){}
void change_phone(string new_phone){telephone = new_phone;}
void change_email(string new_email){email = new_email;}
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, Person& p);
friend istream& operator>>(istream& in, Person& P);
friend bool operator==(Person P1, Person P2);
};
ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, Person& P)
{
out <<setiosflags(ios_base::left) << setw(20) << P.name << setw(20) << P.telephone << setw(20) << P.email;
return out;
}
istream& operator>>(istream& in, Person& P)
{
// in >> P.name >> P.telephone >> P.email;
string temp;
in >> P.name;
in >> temp;
P.name = P.name +" "+temp;
in >> P.telephone >> P.email;
return in;
}
bool operator==(Person P1, Person P2)
{
if(P1.name==P2.name&&P1.telephone==P2.telephone)
return true;
return false;
}
“task2.cpp”
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
#include "Person.hpp"
int main()
{
using namespace std;
vector<Person> phone_book;
Person p;
while(cin>>p)
phone_book.push_back(p);
for(auto &i: phone_book)
cout << i << endl;
cout << boolalpha << (phone_book.at(0) == phone_book.at(1)) << endl;
ofstream fout;
fout.open("phone_book.txt");
if(!fout.is_open())
{
cerr << "fail to open file phone_book.txt\n";
return 1;
}
for(auto &i: phone_book)
fout << i << endl;
fout.close();
}
“运行结果”
① cout << i
将会转化成 osteam &operator<<(ostream &cout, const Person &i)
其具体的调用形式为
ostream &operator<<(ostream &cout , const Person &i)
{
cout <<setiosflags(ios_base::left) << setw(20) << P.name
<< setw(20) << P.telephone
<< setw(20) << P.email;
return cout;
}
②fout << i
将会转化成 osteam &operator<<(ostream &fout, const Person &i)
其具体的调用形式为
ostream &operator<<(ostream &fout , const Person &i)
{
fout <<setiosflags(ios_base::left) << setw(20) << P.name
<< setw(20) << P.telephone
<< setw(20) << P.email;
return fout;
}
《实验任务3》
//=======================
// container.h
//=======================
// The so-called inventory of a player in RPG games
// contains two items, heal and magic water
#ifndef _CONTAINER // Conditional compilation
#define _CONTAINER
class container // Inventory
{
protected:
int numOfHeal; // number of heal
int numOfMW; // number of magic water
public:
container(); // constuctor
void set(int heal_n, int mw_n); // set the items numbers
int nOfHeal(); // get the number of heal
int nOfMW(); // get the number of magic water
void display(); // display the items;
bool useHeal(); // use heal
bool useMW(); // use magic water
};
#endif
container.h
//=======================
// container.cpp
//=======================
// default constructor initialise the inventory as empty
#include <iostream>
#include "container.h"
using namespace std;
container::container()
{
set(0,0);
}
// set the item numbers
void container::set(int heal_n, int mw_n)
{
numOfHeal=heal_n;
numOfMW=mw_n;
}
// get the number of heal
int container::nOfHeal()
{
return numOfHeal;
}
// get the number of magic water
int container::nOfMW()
{
return numOfMW;
}
// display the items;
void container::display()
{
cout<<"Your bag contains: "<<endl;
cout<<"Heal(HP+100): "<<numOfHeal<<endl;
cout<<"Magic Water (MP+80): "<<numOfMW<<endl;
}
//use heal
bool container::useHeal()
{
numOfMW++;
return 1; // use heal successfully
}
//use magic water
bool container::useMW()
{
numOfMW--;
return 1; // use magic water successfully
}
container.cpp
//=======================
// player.h
//=======================
// The base class of player
// including the general properties and methods related to a character
#ifndef _PLAYER
#define _PLAYER
#include <iomanip> // use for setting field width
#include <time.h> // use for generating random factor
#include "container.h"
using namespace std;
enum job {sw, ar, mg}; /* define 3 jobs by enumerate type
sword man, archer, mage */
class player
{
friend void showinfo(player &p1, player &p2);
friend class swordsman;
protected:
int HP, HPmax, MP, MPmax, AP, DP, speed, EXP, LV;
// General properties of all characters
string name; // character name
job role; /* character's job, one of swordman, archer and mage,
as defined by the enumerate type */
container bag; // character's inventory
public:
virtual bool attack(player &p)=0; // normal attack
virtual bool specialatt(player &p)=0; //special attack
virtual void isLevelUp()=0; // level up judgement
/* Attention!
These three methods are called "Pure virtual functions".
They have only declaration, but no definition.
The class with pure virtual functions are called "Abstract class", which can only be used to inherited, but not to constructor objects.
The detailed definition of these pure virtual functions will be given in subclasses. */
void reFill(); // character's HP and MP resume
bool death(); // report whether character is dead
void isDead(); // check whether character is dead
bool useHeal(); // consume heal, irrelevant to job
bool useMW(); // consume magic water, irrelevant to job
void transfer(player &p); // possess opponent's items after victory
void showRole(); // display character's job
private:
bool playerdeath; // whether character is dead, doesn't need to be accessed or inherited
};
#endif
player.h
//=======================
// player.cpp
//=======================
#include <iostream>
#include "player.h"
// character's HP and MP resume
void player::reFill()
{
HP=HPmax; // HP and MP fully recovered
MP=MPmax;
}
// report whether character is dead
bool player::death()
{
return playerdeath;
}
// check whether character is dead
void player::isDead()
{
if(HP<=0) // HP less than 0, character is dead
{
std::cout<<name<<" is Dead." <<endl;
system("pause");
playerdeath=1; // give the label of death value 1
}
}
// consume heal, irrelevant to job
bool player::useHeal()
{
if(bag.nOfHeal()>0)
{
HP=HP+100;
if(HP>HPmax) // HP cannot be larger than maximum value
HP=HPmax; // so assign it to HPmax, if necessary
std::cout<<name<<" used Heal, HP increased by 100."<<endl;
bag.useHeal(); // use heal
system("pause");
return 1; // usage of heal succeed
}
else // If no more heal in bag, cannot use
{
std::cout<<"Sorry, you don't have heal to use."<<endl;
system("pause");
return 0; // usage of heal failed
}
}
// consume magic water, irrelevant to job
bool player::useMW()
{
if(bag.nOfMW()>0)
{
MP=MP+100;
if(MP>MPmax)
MP=MPmax;
std::cout<<name<<" used Magic Water, MP increased by 100."<<endl;
bag.useMW();
system("pause");
return 1; // usage of magic water succeed
}
else
{
std::cout<<"Sorry, you don't have magic water to use."<<endl;
system("pause");
return 0; // usage of magic water failed
}
}
// possess opponent's items after victory
void player::transfer(player &p)
{
std::cout<<name<<" got"<<p.bag.nOfHeal()<<" Heal, and "<<p.bag.nOfMW()<<" Magic Water."<<endl;
system("pause");
bag.set(p.bag.nOfHeal()+bag.nOfHeal(),p.bag.nOfMW()+bag.nOfMW());
// set the character's bag, get opponent's items
}
// display character's job
void player::showRole()
{
switch(role)
{
case sw:
std::cout<<"Swordsman";
break;
case ar:
std::cout<<"Archer";
break;
case mg:
std::cout<<"Mage";
break;
default:
break;
}
}
// display character's job
void showinfo(player &p1, player &p2)
{
system("cls");
std::cout<<"##############################################################"<<endl;
cout<<"# Player"<<setw(10)<<p1.name<<" LV. "<<setw(3) <<p1.LV
<<" # Opponent"<<setw(10)<<p2.name<<" LV. "<<setw(3) <<p2.LV<<" #"<<endl;
cout<<"# HP "<<setw(3)<<(p1.HP<=999?p1.HP:999)<<'/'<<setw(3)<<(p1.HPmax<=999?p1.HPmax:999)
<<" | MP "<<setw(3)<<(p1.MP<=999?p1.MP:999)<<'/'<<setw(3)<<(p1.MPmax<=999?p1.MPmax:999)
<<" # HP "<<setw(3)<<(p2.HP<=999?p2.HP:999)<<'/'<<setw(3)<<(p2.HPmax<=999?p2.HPmax:999)
<<" | MP "<<setw(3)<<(p2.MP<=999?p2.MP:999)<<'/'<<setw(3)<<(p2.MPmax<=999?p2.MPmax:999)<<" #"<<endl;
cout<<"# AP "<<setw(3)<<(p1.AP<=999?p1.AP:999)
<<" | DP "<<setw(3)<<(p1.DP<=999?p1.DP:999)
<<" | speed "<<setw(3)<<(p1.speed<=999?p1.speed:999)
<<" # AP "<<setw(3)<<(p2.AP<=999?p2.AP:999)
<<" | DP "<<setw(3)<<(p2.DP<=999?p2.DP:999)
<<" | speed "<<setw(3)<<(p2.speed<=999?p2.speed:999)<<" #"<<endl;
cout<<"# EXP"<<setw(7)<<p1.EXP<<" Job: "<<setw(7);
p1.showRole();
cout<<" # EXP"<<setw(7)<<p2.EXP<<" Job: "<<setw(7);
p2.showRole();
cout<<" #"<<endl;
cout<<"--------------------------------------------------------------"<<endl;
p1.bag.display();
cout<<"##############################################################"<<endl;
}
player.cpp
1 //=======================
2 // swordsman.h
3 //=======================
4
5 // Derived from base class player
6 // For the job Swordsman
7 #include <iostream>
8 #include "player.h"
9
10 class swordsman : public player // subclass swordsman publicly inherited from base player
11 {
12 public:
13 swordsman(int lv_in=1, string name_in="Not Given");
14 // constructor with default level of 1 and name of "Not given"
15 void isLevelUp();
16 bool attack (player &p);
17 bool specialatt(player &p);
18 /* These three are derived from the pure virtual functions of base class
19 The definition of them will be given in this subclass. */
20 void AI(player &p); // Computer opponent
21 };
swordsman.h
1 //=======================
2 // swordsman.cpp
3 //=======================
4
5 // constructor. default values don't need to be repeated here
6
7 #include <iostream>
8 #include <stdlib.h>
9 #include "swordsman.h"
10
11 swordsman::swordsman(int lv_in, string name_in)
12 {
13 role=sw; // enumerate type of job
14 LV=lv_in;
15 name=name_in;
16
17 // Initialising the character's properties, based on his level
18 HPmax=150+8*(LV-1); // HP increases 8 point2 per level
19 HP=HPmax;
20 MPmax=75+2*(LV-1); // MP increases 2 points per level
21 MP=MPmax;
22 AP=25+4*(LV-1); // AP increases 4 points per level
23 DP=25+4*(LV-1); // DP increases 4 points per level
24 speed=25+2*(LV-1); // speed increases 2 points per level
25
26 playerdeath=0;
27 EXP=LV*LV*75;
28 bag.set(lv_in, lv_in);
29 }
30
31 void swordsman::isLevelUp()
32 {
33 if(EXP>=LV*LV*75)
34 {
35 LV++;
36 AP+=4;
37 DP+=4;
38 HPmax+=8;
39 MPmax+=2;
40 speed+=2;
41 cout<<name<<" Level UP!"<<endl;
42 cout<<"HP improved 8 points to "<<HPmax<<endl;
43 cout<<"MP improved 2 points to "<<MPmax<<endl;
44 cout<<"Speed improved 2 points to "<<speed<<endl;
45 cout<<"AP improved 4 points to "<<AP<<endl;
46 cout<<"DP improved 5 points to "<<DP<<endl;
47 system("pause");
48 isLevelUp(); // recursively call this function, so the character can level up multiple times if got enough exp
49 }
50 }
51
52 bool swordsman::attack(player &p)
53 {
54 double HPtemp=0; // opponent's HP decrement
55 double EXPtemp=0; // player obtained exp
56 double hit=1; // attach factor, probably give critical attack
57 srand((unsigned)time(NULL)); // generating random seed based on system time
58
59 // If speed greater than opponent, you have some possibility to do double attack
60 if ((speed>p.speed) && (rand()%100<(speed-p.speed))) // rand()%100 means generates a number no greater than 100
61 {
62 HPtemp=(int)((1.0*AP/p.DP)*AP*5/(rand()%4+10)); // opponent's HP decrement calculated based their AP/DP, and uncertain chance
63 cout<<name<<"'s quick strike hit "<<p.name<<", "<<p.name<<"'s HP decreased "<<HPtemp<<endl;
64 p.HP=int(p.HP-HPtemp);
65 EXPtemp=(int)(HPtemp*1.2);
66 }
67
68 // If speed smaller than opponent, the opponent has possibility to evade
69 if ((speed<p.speed) && (rand()%50<1))
70 {
71 cout<<name<<"'s attack has been evaded by "<<p.name<<endl;
72 system("pause");
73 return 1;
74 }
75
76 // 10% chance give critical attack
77 if (rand()%100<=10)
78 {
79 hit=1.5;
80 cout<<"Critical attack: ";
81 }
82
83 // Normal attack
84 HPtemp=(int)((1.0*AP/p.DP)*AP*5/(rand()%4+10));
85 cout<<name<<" uses bash, "<<p.name<<"'s HP decreases "<<HPtemp<<endl;
86 EXPtemp=(int)(EXPtemp+HPtemp*1.2);
87 p.HP=(int)(p.HP-HPtemp);
88 cout<<name<<" obtained "<<EXPtemp<<" experience."<<endl;
89 EXP=(int)(EXP+EXPtemp);
90 system("pause");
91 return 1; // Attack success
92 }
93
94 bool swordsman::specialatt(player &p)
95 {
96 if(MP<40)
97 {
98 cout<<"You don't have enough magic points!"<<endl;
99 system("pause");
100 return 0; // Attack failed
101 }
102 else
103 {
104 MP-=40; // consume 40 MP to do special attack
105
106 //10% chance opponent evades
107 if(rand()%100<=10)
108 {
109 cout<<name<<"'s leap attack has been evaded by "<<p.name<<endl;
110 system("pause");
111 return 1;
112 }
113
114 double HPtemp=0;
115 double EXPtemp=0;
116 //double hit=1;
117 //srand(time(NULL));
118 HPtemp=(int)(AP*1.2+20); // not related to opponent's DP
119 EXPtemp=(int)(HPtemp*1.5); // special attack provides more experience
120 cout<<name<<" uses leap attack, "<<p.name<<"'s HP decreases "<<HPtemp<<endl;
121 cout<<name<<" obtained "<<EXPtemp<<" experience."<<endl;
122 p.HP=(int)(p.HP-HPtemp);
123 EXP=(int)(EXP+EXPtemp);
124 system("pause");
125 }
126 return 1; // special attack succeed
127 }
128
129 // Computer opponent
130 void swordsman::AI(player &p)
131 {
132 if ((HP<(int)((1.0*p.AP/DP)*p.AP*1.5))&&(HP+100<=1.1*HPmax)&&(bag.nOfHeal()>0)&&(HP>(int)((1.0*p.AP/DP)*p.AP*0.5)))
133 // AI's HP cannot sustain 3 rounds && not too lavish && still has heal && won't be killed in next round
134 {
135 useHeal();
136 }
137 else
138 {
139 if(MP>=40 && HP>0.5*HPmax && rand()%100<=30)
140 // AI has enough MP, it has 30% to make special attack
141 {
142 specialatt(p);
143 p.isDead(); // check whether player is dead
144 }
145 else
146 {
147 if (MP<40 && HP>0.5*HPmax && bag.nOfMW())
148 // Not enough MP && HP is safe && still has magic water
149 {
150 useMW();
151 }
152 else
153 {
154 attack(p); // normal attack
155 p.isDead();
156 }
157 }
158 }
159 }
swordsman.cpp
1 //=======================
2 // main.cpp
3 //=======================
4
5 // main function for the RPG style game
6
7 #include <iostream>
8 #include <string>
9 #include "swordsman.h"
10 using namespace std;
11
12
13
14
15 int main()
16 {
17 string tempName;
18 bool success=0; //flag for storing whether operation is successful
19 cout <<"Please input player's name: ";
20 cin >>tempName; // get player's name from keyboard input
21 player *human; // use pointer of base class, convenience for polymorphism
22 int tempJob; // temp choice for job selection
23 do
24 {
25 cout <<"Please choose a job: 1 Swordsman, 2 Archer, 3 Mage"<<endl;
26 cin>>tempJob;
27 system("cls"); // clear the screen
28 switch(tempJob)
29 {
30 case 1:
31 human=new swordsman(1,tempName); // create the character with user inputted name and job
32 success=1; // operation succeed
33 break;
34 default:
35 break; // In this case, success=0, character creation failed
36 }
37 }while(success!=1); // so the loop will ask user to re-create a character
38
39 int tempCom; // temp command inputted by user
40 int nOpp=0; // the Nth opponent
41 for(int i=1;nOpp<5;i+=2) // i is opponent's level
42 {
43 nOpp++;
44 system("cls");
45 cout<<"STAGE" <<nOpp<<endl;
46 cout<<"Your opponent, a Level "<<i<<" Swordsman."<<endl;
47 system("pause");
48 swordsman enemy(i, "Warrior"); // Initialise an opponent, level i, name "Junior"
49 human->reFill(); // get HP/MP refill before start fight
50
51 while(!human->death() && !enemy.death()) // no died
52 {
53 success=0;
54 while (success!=1)
55 {
56 showinfo(*human,enemy); // show fighter's information
57 cout<<"Please give command: "<<endl;
58 cout<<"1 Attack; 2 Special Attack; 3 Use Heal; 4 Use Magic Water; 0 Exit Game"<<endl;
59 cin>>tempCom;
60 switch(tempCom)
61 {
62 case 0:
63 cout<<"Are you sure to exit? Y/N"<<endl;
64 char temp;
65 cin>>temp;
66 if(temp=='Y'||temp=='y')
67 return 0;
68 else
69 break;
70 case 1:
71 success=human->attack(enemy);
72 human->isLevelUp();
73 enemy.isDead();
74 break;
75 case 2:
76 success=human->specialatt(enemy);
77 human->isLevelUp();
78 enemy.isDead();
79 break;
80 case 3:
81 success=human->useHeal();
82 break;
83 case 4:
84 success=human->useMW();
85 break;
86 default:
87 break;
88 }
89 }
90 if(!enemy.death()) // If AI still alive
91 enemy.AI(*human);
92 else // AI died
93 {
94 cout<<"YOU WIN"<<endl;
95 human->transfer(enemy); // player got all AI's items
96 }
97 if (human->death())
98 {
99 system("cls");
100 cout<<endl<<setw(50)<<"GAME OVER"<<endl;
101 human->isDead(); // player is dead, program is getting to its end, what should we do here?
102 system("pause");
103 return 0;
104 }
105 }
106 }
107 cout << endl << "Clear" <<endl; // You win, program is getting to its end, what should we do here?
108 system("cls");
109 cout<<"Congratulations! You defeated all opponents!!"<<endl;
110 system("pause");
111 return 0;
112 }
113
main.cpp
“运行截图”