docker学习(三)进阶

Docker Compose

Docker Compose来轻松高效的管理容器,定义运行多个容器

官网介绍

定义,运行多个容器

YAML file配置文件

single command 命令有哪些

步骤:(批量服务编排)

  • DockerFile保证我们的项目在任何地方可以运行
  • docker-compose.yml 这个文件怎么写
  • 启动项目

compose是Docker官方的开源项目,需要安装

  • 服务service,容器,应用
  • 项目project。一组关联的容器

Dockerfile让程序在任何地方运行

安装

  1. 下载

    curl -L https://get.daocloud.io/docker/compose/releases/download/1.24.0/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` > /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
    chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
    docker-compose --version
    
  2. 体验

    mkdir composetest 
    cd composetest
    

    app.py

    import time
    
    import redis
    from flask import Flask
    
    app = Flask(__name__)
    cache = redis.Redis(host='redis', port=6379)
    
    def get_hit_count():
        retries = 5
        while True:
            try:
                return cache.incr('hits')
            except redis.exceptions.ConnectionError as exc:
                if retries == 0:
                    raise exc
                retries -= 1
                time.sleep(0.5)
    
    @app.route('/')
    def hello():
        count = get_hit_count()
        return 'Hello World! I have been seen {} times.\n'.format(count)
    

    requirements.txt

    flask
    redis
    

    dockerfile

    FROM python:3.7-alpine
    WORKDIR /code
    ENV FLASK_APP=app.py
    ENV FLASK_RUN_HOST=0.0.0.0
    RUN apk add --no-cache gcc musl-dev linux-headers
    COPY requirements.txt requirements.txt
    RUN pip install -r requirements.txt
    EXPOSE 5000
    COPY . .
    CMD ["flask", "run"]
    

    docker-compose.yml

    version: "3.9"
    services:
      web:
        build: .
        ports:
          - "5000:5000"
        volumes:
          - .:/code
        environment:
          FLASK_ENV: development
      redis:
        image: "redis:alpine"
    
     docker-compose up
    
  3. 多个服务器,集群。A,B -num 副本数量

  4. 网络规则

    1. 项目中的内容都在同一个网络

YAML文件规则

docker-compose.yml 核心

# 3层
version:  	# 版本
service:	#服务
#其他配置

多写多看

实战

  1. mkdir my_wordpress; cd my_wordpress

  2. docker-compose.yml

    version: "3.9"
        
    services:
      db:
        image: mysql:5.7
        volumes:
          - db_data:/var/lib/mysql
        restart: always
        environment:
          MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: somewordpress
          MYSQL_DATABASE: wordpress
          MYSQL_USER: wordpress
          MYSQL_PASSWORD: wordpress
        
      wordpress:
        depends_on:
          - db
        image: wordpress:latest
        ports:
          - "8000:80"
        restart: always
        environment:
          WORDPRESS_DB_HOST: db:3306
          WORDPRESS_DB_USER: wordpress
          WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD: wordpress
          WORDPRESS_DB_NAME: wordpress
    volumes:
      db_data: {}
    
  3. docker-compose up -d
    

Docker Swarm

集群方式的部署

简化版的k8s

CI\CD jenkins

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