Linux下磁盘分区、挂载、卸载操作记录.
操作环境：CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
Last login: Wed Oct 26 17:25:27 2016 from 118.230.194.76
[root@CentOS ~]#
[root@CentOS ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00058962 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 63 506016 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 64 65271 523774976 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 65536 bytes / 65536 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x8406cab6 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root: 483.2 GB, 483183820800 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 58743 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_swap: 4160 MB, 4160749568 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 505 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000 [root@CentOS ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 65536 bytes / 65536 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x8406cab6 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-65270, default 1): 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-65270, default 65270):
Using default value 65270 Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 65536 bytes / 65536 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x8406cab6 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 65270 524281243+ 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 2
No free sectors available Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@CentOS ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00058962 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 63 506016 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 64 65271 523774976 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 65536 bytes / 65536 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x8406cab6 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 65270 524281243+ 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root: 483.2 GB, 483183820800 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 58743 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_swap: 4160 MB, 4160749568 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 505 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000 [root@CentOS ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
/dev/sdb1 alignment is offset by 33280 bytes.
This may result in very poor performance, (re)-partitioning suggested.
文件系统标签=
操作系统:Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=16 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
32768000 inodes, 131070310 blocks
6553515 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
4000 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
102400000 正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information:
完成 This filesystem will be automatically checked every 26 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@CentOS ~]#
[root@CentOS ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00058962 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 63 506016 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 64 65271 523774976 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 65536 bytes / 65536 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x8406cab6 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 65270 524281243+ 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root: 483.2 GB, 483183820800 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 58743 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_swap: 4160 MB, 4160749568 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 505 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000 [root@CentOS ~]# pwd
/root
[root@CentOS ~]# cd /opt
[root@CentOS opt]# mkdir sdb1
[root@CentOS opt]# mount /dev/sdb1 /opt/sdb1
[root@CentOS opt]# mount
/dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root on / type ext4 (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,rootcontext="system_u:object_r:tmpfs_t:s0")
/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)
/dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home on /home type ext4 (rw)
none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)
/dev/sdb1 on /opt/sdb1 type ext3 (rw)
[root@CentOS opt]#
[root@CentOS opt]# cd sdb1/
[root@CentOS sdb1]# ls
lost+found
[root@CentOS sdb1]# ll
总用量 16
drwx------. 2 root root 16384 10月 26 17:55 lost+found
[root@CentOS sdb1]#
[root@CentOS sdb1]#
[root@CentOS sdb1]# cd ..
[root@CentOS opt]#
[root@CentOS opt]# umount /opt/sdb1/
[root@CentOS opt]#
[root@CentOS opt]# mount
/dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root on / type ext4 (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,rootcontext="system_u:object_r:tmpfs_t:s0")
/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)
/dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home on /home type ext4 (rw)
none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)
[root@CentOS opt]#
[root@CentOS opt]#
[root@CentOS opt]#
[root@CentOS opt]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00058962 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 63 506016 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 64 65271 523774976 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 65536 bytes / 65536 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x8406cab6 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 65270 524281243+ 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root: 483.2 GB, 483183820800 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 58743 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_swap: 4160 MB, 4160749568 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 505 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000 [root@CentOS opt]# fdisk /dev/sdb WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 65536 bytes / 65536 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x8406cab6 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 65270 524281243+ 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 1 Command (m for help): 1
1: unknown command
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only) Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 65536 bytes / 65536 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x8406cab6 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@CentOS opt]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00058962 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 63 506016 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 64 65271 523774976 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 65536 bytes / 65536 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x8406cab6 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root: 483.2 GB, 483183820800 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 58743 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_swap: 4160 MB, 4160749568 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 505 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000 [root@CentOS opt]#