写在前面
当mysql数据量不大且达到读写瓶颈的时候,读的性能消耗远大于写,我们可以将读和写分离开。本实例采用docker容器搭建,通过mycat中间件做分发
准备mysql主从服务
- 准备mysql容器
docker pull mysql:5.7
- 创建主从数据映射目录
// 创建目录,数据和配置不至于丢失 mkdir -p /usr/local/docker_app/mysql/master/conf.d/ mkdir -p /usr/local/docker_app/mysql/slave/conf.d/
- 创建master配置文件
/usr/local/docker_app/mysql/master/conf.d/my.cnf
vi /usr/local/docker_app/mysql/master/conf.d/my.cnf
修改文件配置
[mysqld] log-bin=master-bin server-id=1
- 创建slave配置文件
/usr/local/docker_app/mysql/slave/conf.d/my.cnf
vi /usr/local/docker_app/mysql/slave/conf.d/my.cnf
修改文件配置
[mysqld] log-bin=slave-bin server-id=2
5.启动master服务
docker run -d --name mysql-master -p 3306:3306 -v /usr/local/docker_app/mysql/master/conf.d/data:/var/lib/mysql -v /usr/local/docker_app/mysql/master/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root -d mysql:5.7
- 启动slave服务
docker run -d --name mysql-slave -p 3307:3306 -v /usr/local/docker_app/mysql/slave/conf.d/data:/var/lib/mysql -v /usr/local/docker_app/mysql/slave/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root -d mysql:5.7
- 进入容器修改master 的读写权限
# 进入容器shell $ docker exec -it mysql-master /bin/sh
mysql -uroot -p // mysql shell // 用户名:root // 密码:root GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘root‘ WITH GRANT OPTION;
进入容器修改slave的读写权限
# 进入容器shell
$ docker exec -it mysql-slave/bin/sh
//进入mysql mysql -uroot -p // mysql shell // 用户名:root // 密码:root GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘root‘ WITH GRANT OPTION;
8.进入mysql-master查看master状态
// mysql shell show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | master-bin.000003 | 154 | | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
- 获取master容器的host
docker inspect --format=‘{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}‘ mysql-master
- 进入mysql-slave关联主从模式(自行更改那些参数)
// mysql shell change master to master_host=‘172.17.0.2‘, master_user=‘root‘,master_password=‘root‘, master_log_file=‘master-bin.000003‘,master_log_pos=154;
// mysql shell // 启用slave start slave;
查看是否成功
show slave status \G;
以下两个都为yes就代表成功了
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
//说明主从成功
- 测试主从
在master创建test数据库,再到slave中查看是否存在test库,若存在则基本完成,若未成功检查binlog、master host、position是否正确;目前已经可以给前台使用,只不过要区分读写数据源,挺麻烦!
show databases;
create database test;