Python学习 day6

今日内容:
1、selenium剩余用法
2、selenium万能登录破解
3、selenium爬取京东商品信息
4、破解极验滑动验证码

Xpath选择器相关(网页信息查找)
Python学习 day6
from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome(r'D:\BaiduNetdiskDownload\chromedriver_win32\chromedriver.exe')


try:
    # 隐式等待: 写在get请求前
    driver.implicitly_wait(5)

    driver.get('https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/_static/selectors-sample1.html')

    # 显式等待: 写在get请求后
    # wait.until(...)

    '''
    
<html>
 <head>
  <base href='http://example.com/' />
  <title>Example website</title>
 </head>
 <body>
  <div id='images'>
   <a href='image1.html'>Name: My image 1 <br /><img src='image1_thumb.jpg' /></a>
   <a href='image2.html'>Name: My image 2 <br /><img src='image2_thumb.jpg' /></a>
   <a href='image3.html'>Name: My image 3 <br /><img src='image3_thumb.jpg' /></a>
   <a href='image4.html'>Name: My image 4 <br /><img src='image4_thumb.jpg' /></a>
   <a href='image5.html'>Name: My image 5 <br /><img src='image5_thumb.jpg' /></a>
  </div>
 </body>
</html>
    '''
    # 根据xpath语法查找元素
    # / 从根节点开始找第一个
    html = driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html')
    # html = driver.find_element_by_xpath('/head')  # 报错
    print(html.tag_name)

    # // 从根节点开始找任意一个节点
    div = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//div')
    print(div.tag_name)

    # @
    # 查找id为images的div节点
    div = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//div[@id="images"]')
    print(div.tag_name)
    print(div.text)

    # 找到第一个a节点
    a = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//a')
    print(a.tag_name)

    # 找到所有a节点
    a_s = driver.find_elements_by_xpath('//a')
    print(a_s)

    # 找到第一个a节点的href属性
    # get_attribute:获取节点中某个属性
    a = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//a').get_attribute('href')
    print(a)

finally:
    driver.close()
Python学习 day6

 

selenium模块
Python学习 day6
'''
点击、清除操作
'''
# from selenium import webdriver
# from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
# import time
#
# driver = webdriver.Chrome(r'D:\BaiduNetdiskDownload\chromedriver_win32\chromedriver.exe')
#
# try:
#     driver.implicitly_wait(10)
#     # 1、往jd发送请求
#     driver.get('https://www.jd.com/')
#     # 找到输入框输入围城
#     input_tag = driver.find_element_by_id('key')
#     input_tag.send_keys('围城')
#     # 键盘回车
#     input_tag.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
#     time.sleep(2)
#     # 找到输入框输入墨菲定律
#     input_tag = driver.find_element_by_id('key')
#     input_tag.clear()
#     input_tag.send_keys('墨菲定律')
#     # 找到搜索按钮点击搜索
#     button = driver.find_element_by_class_name('button')
#     button.click()
#     time.sleep(10)
#
# finally:
#     driver.close()


'''
获取cookies  (了解)
'''
# from selenium import webdriver
# import time
#
# driver = webdriver.Chrome(r'D:\BaiduNetdiskDownload\chromedriver_win32\chromedriver.exe')
#
# try:
#     driver.implicitly_wait(10)
#     driver.get('https://www.zhihu.com/explore')
#     print(driver.get_cookies())
#
#     time.sleep(10)
# finally:
#     driver.close()

'''
选项卡
'''
#选项卡管理:切换选项卡,有js的方式windows.open,有windows快捷键:
# ctrl+t等,最通用的就是js的方式
# import time
# from selenium import webdriver
#
# browser = webdriver.Chrome()
# try:
#     browser.get('https://www.baidu.com')
#
#     # execute_script: 执行javascrpit代码
#     # 弹窗操作
#     # browser.execute_script('alert("tank")')
#     # 新建浏览器窗口
#     browser.execute_script(
#         '''
#         window.open();
#         '''
#     )
#     time.sleep(1)
#     print(browser.window_handles)  # 获取所有的选项卡
#     # 切换到第二个窗口
#     # 新:
#     browser.switch_to.window(browser.window_handles[1])
#     # 旧:
#     # browser.switch_to_window(browser.window_handles[1])
#
#     # 第二个窗口往淘宝发送请求
#     browser.get('https://www.taobao.com')
#     time.sleep(5)
#
#     # 切换到第一个窗口
#     browser.switch_to_window(browser.window_handles[0])
#     browser.get('https://www.sina.com.cn')
#
#     time.sleep(10)
# finally:
#     browser.close()


'''
ActionChangs动作链
'''
# from selenium import webdriver
# from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
# import time
#
# driver = webdriver.Chrome()
# driver.implicitly_wait(10)
# driver.get('http://www.runoob.com/try/try.php?filename=jqueryui-api-droppable')
#
# try:
#
#     # driver.switch_to_frame('iframeResult')
#     # 切换到id为iframeResult的窗口内
#     driver.switch_to.frame('iframeResult')
#
#     # 源位置
#     draggable = driver.find_element_by_id('draggable')
#
#     # 目标位置
#     droppable = driver.find_element_by_id('droppable')
#
#     # 调用ActionChains,必须把驱动对象传进去
#     # 得到一个动作链对象,复制给一个变量
#     actions = ActionChains(driver)
#
#     # 方式一: 机器人
#     # 瞬间把源图片位置秒移到目标图片位置
#     # actions.drag_and_drop(draggable, droppable)  # 编写一个行为
#     # actions.perform()  # 执行编写好的行为
#
#
#     # 方式二: 模拟人的行为
#     source = draggable.location['x']
#     target = droppable.location['x']
#     print(source, target)
#
#     distance = target - source
#     print(distance)
#
#     # perform:每个动作都要调用perform执行
#
#     # 点击并摁住源图片
#     ActionChains(driver).click_and_hold(draggable).perform()
#
#     s = 0
#     while s < distance:
#         # 执行位移操作
#         ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(xoffset=2, yoffset=0).perform()
#         s += 2
#
#     # 释放动作链
#     ActionChains(driver).release().perform()
#
#     time.sleep(10)
#
#
# finally:
#     driver.close()


'''
前进、后退
'''
# from selenium import webdriver
# import time
#
# driver = webdriver.Chrome()
#
# try:
#     driver.implicitly_wait(10)
#     driver.get('https://www.jd.com/')
#     driver.get('https://www.baidu.com/')
#     driver.get('https://www.cnblogs.com/')
#
#     time.sleep(2)
#
#     # 回退操作
#     driver.back()
#     time.sleep(1)
#     # 前进操作
#     driver.forward()
#     time.sleep(1)
#     driver.back()
#     time.sleep(10)
#
# finally:
#     driver.close()
Python学习 day6

破解登录

Python学习 day6
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver import ChromeOptions
import time
r'''
步骤:
    1、打开文件的查看,显示隐藏文件
    2、找到C:\Users\administortra\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data
        删除Default文件
    3、重新打开浏览器,并登陆百度账号
        - 此时会创建一个新的Default缓存文件
    4、添加cookies
    5、关闭谷歌浏览器后执行程序
'''
# 获取options对象,参数对象
options = ChromeOptions()

# 获取cookies保存路径
# 'C:\Users\administortra\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data'
profile_directory = r'--user-data-dir=C:\Users\administortra\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data'

# 添加用户信息目录
options.add_argument(profile_directory)

# 把参数加载到当前驱动中  chrome_options默认参数,用来接收options对象
driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)

try:
    driver.implicitly_wait(10)
    driver.get('https://www.baidu.com/')
    '''
    BDUSS:*****
    '''
    # 添加用户cookies信息
    # name、value必须小写
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "BDUSS", "value": "用户session字符串"})

    # 刷新操作
    driver.refresh()

    time.sleep(10)

finally:
    driver.close()
Python学习 day6

 

今日作业

京东商品信息爬取
Python学习 day6
'''
爬取京东商品信息:
    请求url:
        https://www.jd.com/
    提取商品信息:
        1.商品详情页
        2.商品名称
        3.商品价格
        4.评价人数
'''
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
import time


def get_good(driver):
    try:

        # 通过JS控制滚轮滑动获取所有商品信息
        js_code = '''
            window.scrollTo(0,5000);
        '''
        driver.execute_script(js_code)  # 执行js代码

        # 等待数据加载
        time.sleep(2)

        # 3、查找所有商品div
        # good_div = driver.find_element_by_id('J_goodsList')
        good_list = driver.find_elements_by_class_name('gl-item')
        n = 1
        for good in good_list:
            # 根据属性选择器查找
            # 商品链接
            good_url = good.find_element_by_css_selector(
                '.p-img a').get_attribute('href')

            # 商品名称
            good_name = good.find_element_by_css_selector(
                '.p-name em').text.replace("\n", "--")

            # 商品价格
            good_price = good.find_element_by_class_name(
                'p-price').text.replace("\n", ":")

            # 评价人数
            good_commit = good.find_element_by_class_name(
                'p-commit').text.replace("\n", " ")

            good_content = f'''
                        商品链接: {good_url}
                        商品名称: {good_name}
                        商品价格: {good_price}
                        评价人数: {good_commit}
                        \n
                        '''
            print(good_content)
            with open('jd.txt', 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f:
                f.write(good_content)

        next_tag = driver.find_element_by_class_name('pn-next')
        next_tag.click()

        time.sleep(2)

        # 递归调用函数
        get_good(driver)

        time.sleep(10)

    finally:
        driver.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':

    good_name = input('请输入爬取商品信息:').strip()

    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.implicitly_wait(10)
    # 1、往京东主页发送请求
    driver.get('https://www.jd.com/')

    # 2、输入商品名称,并回车搜索
    input_tag = driver.find_element_by_id('key')
    input_tag.send_keys(good_name)
    input_tag.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
    time.sleep(2)

    get_good(driver)
Python学习 day6
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