Android实现简单拨号器
开发工具：Andorid Studio 1.3
运行环境：Android 4.4 KitKat
代码实现
界面布局只有GridLayout和EditText两个控件，全部Button都是动态添加
<GridLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="80dp" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:orientation="horizontal" android:rowCount="6"
android:columnCount="3" android:layout_gravity="center"
android:id="@+id/girdLayoutMain" tools:context=".CallPhone">
<EditText
android:layout_columnSpan="3"
android:layout_gravity="fill_horizontal"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:maxWidth="600px"
android:singleLine="false"
android:maxLines="3"
android:editable="false"
android:textSize="30dp"
android:gravity="center"
android:id="@+id/edtPhoneNumber"/>
</GridLayout>
动态添加按钮，通过for循环从1到9，给 Button设置Tag值以示区分，根据网格中i对应的关系找到位置，填充整个网格，并绑定响应
for(int i = 1; i <= 9; i++){
Button btnNumber = new Button(this);
btnNumber.setTag(i);
btnNumber.setText(Integer.toString(i));
btnNumber.setMinWidth(minButtonWidth);
btnNumber.setMinHeight(minButtonHeight);
btnNumber.setOnClickListener(numClickListener);
GridLayout.Spec rowSpec = GridLayout.spec((i - 1) / 3 + 1);
GridLayout.Spec colSpec = GridLayout.spec((i - 1) % 3);
GridLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams = new GridLayout.LayoutParams(rowSpec, colSpec);
layoutParams.setGravity(Gravity.FILL);
gridLayout.addView(btnNumber, layoutParams);
}
为* 0 # 呼叫 清除 特别设置Text内容，其中，呼叫按钮占两个网格，需要特别设置
for(int i = 10; i <= 14; i++){
Button btnOther = new Button(this);
btnOther.setTag(i);
btnOther.setMinWidth(minButtonWidth);
btnOther.setMinHeight(minButtonHeight);
switch (i){
case 10:
btnOther.setText("*");
btnOther.setOnClickListener(numClickListener);
break;
case 11:
btnOther.setText("0");
btnOther.setOnClickListener(numClickListener);
break;
case 12:
btnOther.setText("#");
btnOther.setOnClickListener(numClickListener);
break;
case 13:
btnOther.setText(R.string.str_call);
btnOther.setOnClickListener(callClickListener);
break;
case 14:
btnOther.setText(R.string.str_clear);
btnOther.setOnTouchListener(clearTouchListener);
break;
default:
break;
}
if(i == 13){
GridLayout.Spec rowSpec = GridLayout.spec((i - 1) / 3 + 1);
GridLayout.Spec colSpec = GridLayout.spec((i - 1) % 3, 2);
GridLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams = new GridLayout.LayoutParams(rowSpec, colSpec);
layoutParams.setGravity(Gravity.FILL);
gridLayout.addView(btnOther, layoutParams);
} else if(i == 14){
GridLayout.Spec rowSpec = GridLayout.spec((i - 1) / 3 + 1);
GridLayout.Spec colSpec = GridLayout.spec((i - 1) % 3);
GridLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams = new GridLayout.LayoutParams(rowSpec, colSpec);
layoutParams.setGravity(Gravity.FILL);
gridLayout.addView(btnOther);
} else{
GridLayout.Spec rowSpec = GridLayout.spec((i - 1) / 3 + 1);
GridLayout.Spec colSpec = GridLayout.spec((i - 1) % 3);
GridLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams = new GridLayout.LayoutParams(rowSpec, colSpec);
layoutParams.setGravity(Gravity.FILL);
gridLayout.addView(btnOther, layoutParams);
}
}
普通数字和特别字符只需要在字符串尾端添加相应字符，再设置Text内容即可
View.OnClickListener numClickListener = new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
String phoneNumber = edtPhoneNumber.getText().toString();
int tag = (Integer)v.getTag();
if(tag <= 9){
phoneNumber += Integer.toString(tag);
}else if(tag == 10){
phoneNumber += "*";
}else if(tag == 11){
phoneNumber += "0";
} else if(tag == 12){
phoneNumber += "#";
}
edtPhoneNumber.setText(phoneNumber);
edtPhoneNumber.clearFocus();
}
};
呼叫按钮，需要在Manifest.xml文件中申请拨打电话权限，字符串不为空即可拨打电话，如为空，通过Toast控件给予用户提示
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE" />
View.OnClickListener callClickListener = new View.OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View v){
String phoneNumber = edtPhoneNumber.getText().toString();
try{
if(!phoneNumber.isEmpty()) {
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL, Uri.parse("tel:" + phoneNumber));
startActivity(intent);
}else{
Toast toast = Toast.makeText(CallPhone.this, "请输入号码", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
toast.setGravity(Gravity.TOP, 0, 150);
toast.show();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.d("Hint", "Call phone number is empty");
}
}
};
清除按钮，OnTouchListener，两种响应方式：点击的时候记录下点击的当前时间，并修改button的颜色为红色，提高用户体验；放开手指的时候，用当前时间和记录时间相比，如果小于800ms，则认为是短按，仅清除一个字符（判断字符是否为空），如果大于800ms，则认为是长按，清除整个字符串，手指离开时修改button为原本的默认样式
private long touchTime = 0;
private Drawable originButtonColor;
View.OnTouchListener clearTouchListener = new View.OnTouchListener() {
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
if(event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
touchTime = event.getEventTime();
originButtonColor = v.getBackground();
v.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);
return true;
} else if(event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP){
long subStaTime = event.getEventTime() - touchTime;
v.setBackground(originButtonColor);
if(subStaTime < 800){
try{
String phoneNumber = edtPhoneNumber.getText().toString();
if(!phoneNumber.isEmpty()){
String temp = phoneNumber.substring(0, phoneNumber.length() - 1);
edtPhoneNumber.setText(temp);
edtPhoneNumber.clearFocus();
}
Log.d("Hint", "Clear a char successfully");
}catch (Exception e){
Log.d("Hint", "Can't clear no char");
return false;
}
return true;
} else{
edtPhoneNumber.setText(null);
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
};
效果图
初始界面->依次输入->短按清除->长按清除
空白呼叫->最长三行->输入电话号码->成功呼叫
一些总结
- 字符串变长的时候按钮控件也会变宽：通过设置button的最小宽度和最大宽度可以固定按钮的大小，这里我让EditText变为允许多行输入，行宽最大值与按钮齐宽。
- 一个按钮占两个网格：在以前的API中，通过设置Gravity的大小或者setColumnConent()函数可以修改达到目的，这也是博客中多使用的方法；在新版的API中，通过设置colspec中的第二个参数达到目的，通过翻阅API中文论坛查询得知。
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