二进制安装k8s集群（二）

2023-12-26 18:16:15

部署 controller-manager

集群规划
主机名 角色 ip
hdss7-21.host.com controller-manager 10.4.7.21
hdss7-22.host.com controller-manager 10.4.7.22
创建启动脚本 /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-controller-manager.sh（hdss7-21、hdss7-22）
  1. 编辑 kube-controller-manager.sh脚本
    #!/bin/sh
./kube-controller-manager \
  --cluster-cidr 172.7.0.0/16 \
  --leader-elect true \
  --log-dir /data/logs/kubernetes/kube-controller-manager \
  --master http://127.0.0.1:8080 \
  --service-account-private-key-file ./cert/ca-key.pem \
  --service-cluster-ip-range 192.168.0.0/16 \
  --root-ca-file ./cert/ca.pem \
  --v 2
  2. 给予执行权限 并创建目录
    chmod +x /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-controller-manager.sh 
mkdir -p /data/logs/kubernetes/kube-controller-manager
  3. 创建 supervisor 配置 /etc/supervisord.d/kube-controller-manager.ini
    [program:kube-controller-manager-7-21]
command=/opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-controller-manager.sh                     ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
numprocs=1                                                                        ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
directory=/opt/kubernetes/server/bin                                              ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd)
autostart=true                                                                    ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
autorestart=true                                                                  ; retstart at unexpected quit (default: true)
startsecs=30                                                                      ; number of secs prog must stay running (def. 1)
startretries=3                                                                    ; max # of serial start failures (default 3)
exitcodes=0,2                                                                     ; 'expected' exit codes for process (default 0,2)
stopsignal=QUIT                                                                   ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
stopwaitsecs=10                                                                   ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
user=root                                                                         ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
redirect_stderr=true                                                              ; redirect proc stderr to stdout (default false)
stdout_logfile=/data/logs/kubernetes/kube-controller-manager/controller.stdout.log  ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
stdout_logfile_maxbytes=64MB                                                      ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
stdout_logfile_backups=4                                                          ; # of stdout logfile backups (default 10)
stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB                                                       ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
stdout_events_enabled=false
  4. 启动controller-manager
    supervisorctl update

部署kube-scheduler（hdss7-21、hdss7-22）

集群规划
主机名 角色 ip
hdss7-21.host.com kube-scheduler 10.4.7.21
hdss7-22.host.com kube-scheduler 10.4.7.22
创建启动脚本
  1. 创建 /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-scheduler.sh
    #!/bin/sh
./kube-scheduler \
  --leader-elect  \
  --log-dir /data/logs/kubernetes/kube-scheduler \
  --master http://127.0.0.1:8080 \
  --v 2
  2. 给与执行权限，并创建目录
    chmod +x  /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-scheduler.sh
mkdir -p /data/logs/kubernetes/kube-scheduler
  3. 创建 supervisor 配置 /etc/supervisord.d/kube-scheduler.ini
    [program:kube-scheduler-7-21]
command=/opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-scheduler.sh                     ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
numprocs=1                                                               ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
directory=/opt/kubernetes/server/bin                                     ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd)
autostart=true                                                           ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
autorestart=true                                                         ; retstart at unexpected quit (default: true)
startsecs=30                                                             ; number of secs prog must stay running (def. 1)
startretries=3                                                           ; max # of serial start failures (default 3)
exitcodes=0,2                                                            ; 'expected' exit codes for process (default 0,2)
stopsignal=QUIT                                                          ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
stopwaitsecs=10                                                          ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
user=root                                                                ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
redirect_stderr=true                                                     ; redirect proc stderr to stdout (default false)
stdout_logfile=/data/logs/kubernetes/kube-scheduler/scheduler.stdout.log ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
stdout_logfile_maxbytes=64MB                                             ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
stdout_logfile_backups=4                                                 ; # of stdout logfile backups (default 10)
stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB                                              ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
stdout_events_enabled=false                                              ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)存储+
  4. 启动controller-manager
    supervisorctl update

检查集群状态

  1. 现在以及部署完成了 etcd，kube-apiserver，kube-controller-manager，kube-scheduler，接下来就可以检查集群的健康状态。
  2. 创建kubectl的软连接
    ln -s /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kubectl /usr/bin/kubectl
  3. 检查集群的健康状态
    kubectl get cs #cs cluster status

    NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
    scheduler Healthy ok
    controller-manager Healthy ok
    etcd-0 Healthy {“health”: “true”}
    etcd-1 Healthy {“health”: “true”}
    etcd-2 Healthy {“health”: “true”}

部署 Node 节点

部署kubelet服务

集群规划
主机名 角色 ip
hdss7-21.host.com kubelet 10.4.7.21
hdss7-22.host.com kubelet 10.4.7.22
签发 kubelet 证书（hdss7-200）

  1. 编辑证书的请求文件 /opt/certs/kubelet-csr.json 文件

    {
    "CN": "k8s-kubelet",
    "hosts": [
    "127.0.0.1",
    "10.4.7.10",
    "10.4.7.21",
    "10.4.7.22",
    "10.4.7.23",
    "10.4.7.24",
    "10.4.7.25",
    "10.4.7.26",
    "10.4.7.27",
    "10.4.7.28"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "ST": "beijing",
            "L": "beijing",
            "O": "od",
            "OU": "ops"
        }
    ]
}

  2. 签发证书

    cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=server kubelet-csr.json | cfssl-json -bare kubelet
将证书拷贝的到 hdss7-21、hdss7-22 的 /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/cert目录下
  1. 拷贝证书到hdss7-21、hdss7-22上，并注意私钥权限为600
    scp hdss7-200:/opt/certs/kubelet.pem .
scp hdss7-200:/opt/certs/kubelet-key.pem .
  2. 创建配置，在 /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/conf目录下执行命令 (仅在hdss7-21上执行）
    1. set-cluster
      kubectl config set-cluster myk8s \
    --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/server/bin/cert/ca.pem \
    --embed-certs=true \
    --server=https://10.4.7.10:7443 \
    --kubeconfig=kubelet.kubeconfig
    2. set-credentials
      kubectl config set-credentials k8s-node \
  --client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/server/bin/cert/client.pem \
  --client-key=/opt/kubernetes/server/bin/cert/client-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=kubelet.kubeconfig
    3. set-context
      kubectl config set-context myk8s-context \
  --cluster=myk8s \
  --user=k8s-node \
  --kubeconfig=kubelet.kubeconfig
    4. switch-contenxt
      kubectl config use-context myk8s-context --kubeconfig=kubelet.kubeconfig
    5. 创建 /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/conf/k8s-node.yaml 资源配置文件，主要是为了让k8s-node用户与角色ClusterRole绑定，而该角色有让该节点成为k8s集群计算节点的能力。
      apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: k8s-node
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: system:node
subjects:
- apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: User
  name: k8s-node
    6. 执行
      kubectl create -f k8s-node.yaml
  3. 将hdss7-21 上的kubelet.kubeconfig 文件拷贝到 hdss7-22上（hdss7-22上执行）
    cd /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/conf
scp hdss7-21:/opt/kubernetes/server/bin/conf/kubelet.kubeconfig .
准备 pause 基础镜像 （hdss7-200上）
  1. 下载 pause 镜像
    docker pull kubernetes/pause
  2. 打tag并推送到自己的harbor仓库中
    docker tag f9d5de079539 harbor.od.com/public/pause:latest
docker push harbor.od.com/public/pause:latest
  3. pause镜像很小，可用很快启动一个容器。先于业务容器启动，主要为了初始化环境。
创建 kubelet 启动脚本（hdss7-21、hdss7-22上都执行）

  1. 在hdss7-22上创建 kubelet.sh 启动脚本

    #!/bin/sh
./kubelet \
  --anonymous-auth=false \
  --cgroup-driver systemd \
  --cluster-dns 192.168.0.2 \
  --cluster-domain cluster.local \
  --runtime-cgroups=/systemd/system.slice \
  --kubelet-cgroups=/systemd/system.slice \
  --fail-swap-on="false" \
  --client-ca-file ./cert/ca.pem \
  --tls-cert-file ./cert/kubelet.pem \
  --tls-private-key-file ./cert/kubelet-key.pem \
  --hostname-override hdss7-22.host.com \
  --image-gc-high-threshold 20 \
  --image-gc-low-threshold 10 \
  --kubeconfig ./conf/kubelet.kubeconfig \
  --log-dir /data/logs/kubernetes/kube-kubelet \
  --pod-infra-container-image harbor.od.com/public/pause:latest \
  --root-dir /data/kubelet

  2. 创建日志目录，给予kubelet.sh脚本执行权限

    chmod +x /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kubelet.sh
mkdir -p /data/logs/kubernetes/kube-kubelet /data/kubelet

  3. 创建/etc/supervisord.d/kube-kubelet.ini 配置

    [program:kube-kubelet-7-21]		
command=/opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kubelet.sh     ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
numprocs=1                                        ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
directory=/opt/kubernetes/server/bin              ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd)
autostart=true                                    ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
autorestart=true              		          ; retstart at unexpected quit (default: true)
startsecs=30                                      ; number of secs prog must stay running (def. 1)
startretries=3                                    ; max # of serial start failures (default 3)
exitcodes=0,2                                     ; 'expected' exit codes for process (default 0,2)
stopsignal=QUIT                                   ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
stopwaitsecs=10                                   ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
user=root                                         ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
redirect_stderr=true                              ; redirect proc stderr to stdout (default false)
stdout_logfile=/data/logs/kubernetes/kube-kubelet/kubelet.stdout.log   ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
stdout_logfile_maxbytes=64MB                      ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
stdout_logfile_backups=4                          ; # of stdout logfile backups (default 10)
stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB                       ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
stdout_events_enabled=false                       ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)

  4. 启动kubelet

    supervisorctl update

  5. 查看node节点是否加入集群

    kubectl get node

    NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
    hdss7-21.host.com Ready <none> 102s v1.15.2
    hdss7-22.host.com Ready <none> 80s v1.15.2

  6. 给节点加角色

    kubectl label node hdss7-21.host.com node-role.kubernetes.io/master=
kubectl label node hdss7-21.host.com node-role.kubernetes.io/node=
kubectl label node hdss7-22.host.com node-role.kubernetes.io/master=
kubectl label node hdss7-22.host.com node-role.kubernetes.io/node=

    NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
    hdss7-21.host.com Ready master,node 5m58s v1.15.2
    hdss7-22.host.com Ready master,node 5m36s v1.15.2

    此时看到，节点已经有了角色，这两个节点。既做master节点，又做node节点。

部署 kube-proxy （主要是连接pod网络和集群网络的）

集群规划
主机名 角色 ip
hdss7-21.host.com kube-proxy 10.4.7.21
hdss7-22.host.com kube-proxy 10.4.7.22
签发 kube-proxy 证书 (在运维主机hdss7-200.host.com）上
  1. 创建生成证书签名请求的json配置文件 /opt/certs/kube-proxy-csr.json
    {
    "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "ST": "beijing",
            "L": "beijing",
            "O": "od",
            "OU": "ops"
        }
    ]
}
  2. 生成证书
    cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=client kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssl-json -bare kube-proxy-client
将证书拷贝到个运算节点上（hdss7-21、hdss7-22），并创建配置
  1. 拷贝证书，私钥，注意私钥权限600
    scp hdss7-200:/opt/certs/kube-proxy-client.pem .
scp hdss7-200:/opt/certs/kube-proxy-client-key.pem .
  2. 创建配置, 在 /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/conf目录下执行命令 (仅在hdss7-21上执行）
    1. set-cluster
      kubectl config set-cluster myk8s \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/server/bin/cert/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=https://10.4.7.10:7443 \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
    2. set-credentials
      kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
  --client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/server/bin/cert/kube-proxy-client.pem \
  --client-key=/opt/kubernetes/server/bin/cert/kube-proxy-client-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
    3. set-context
      kubectl config set-context myk8s-context \
  --cluster=myk8s \
  --user=kube-proxy \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
    4. switch-context
      kubectl config use-context myk8s-context --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
  3. 将生成的 kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件拷贝到hdss7-22的/opt/kubernetes/server/bin/conf 目录下（hdss7-22上执行命令）
    scp hdss7-21:/opt/kubernetes/server/bin/conf/kube-proxy.kubeconfig .
创建 ipvs.sh 脚本，并执行hdss7-21、hdss7-22上（为了加载 ipvs 相关模块）
  1. vi /root/ipvs.sh
    #!/bin/bash
ipvs_mods_dir="/usr/lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/net/netfilter/ipvs"
for i in $(ls $ipvs_mods_dir|grep -o "^[^.]*")
do
  /sbin/modinfo -F filename $i &>/dev/null
  if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
    /sbin/modprobe $i
  fi
done
  2. 给予执行权限，执行脚本，并查看加载情况
    chmod +x /root/ipvs.sh
./root/ipvs.sh
lsmod |grep ip_vs
创建 kube-proxy 启动脚本（hdss7-21、hdss7-22上都执行）
  1. 创建 /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-proxy.sh 启动脚本
    #!/bin/sh
./kube-proxy \
  --cluster-cidr 172.7.0.0/16 \
  --hostname-override hdss7-21.host.com \
  --proxy-mode=ipvs \
  --ipvs-scheduler=nq \
  --kubeconfig ./conf/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
  2. 给与执行权限，并创建日志目录
    chmod +x /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-proxy.sh
mkdir -p /data/logs/kubernetes/kube-proxy
  3. 创建 /etc/supervisord.d/kube-proxy.ini 配置文件
    [program:kube-proxy-7-21]
command=/opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-proxy.sh                     ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
numprocs=1                                                           ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
directory=/opt/kubernetes/server/bin                                 ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd)
autostart=true                                                       ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
autorestart=true                                                     ; retstart at unexpected quit (default: true)
startsecs=30                                                         ; number of secs prog must stay running (def. 1)
startretries=3                                                       ; max # of serial start failures (default 3)
exitcodes=0,2                                                        ; 'expected' exit codes for process (default 0,2)
stopsignal=QUIT                                                      ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
stopwaitsecs=10                                                      ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
user=root                                                            ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
redirect_stderr=true                                                 ; redirect proc stderr to stdout (default false)
stdout_logfile=/data/logs/kubernetes/kube-proxy/proxy.stdout.log     ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
stdout_logfile_maxbytes=64MB                                         ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
stdout_logfile_backups=4                                             ; # of stdout logfile backups (default 10)
stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB                                          ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
stdout_events_enabled=false                                          ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)
  4. 启动并查看状态
    supervisorctl update 
supervisorctl status
  5. 查看 ipvs是否生效
    yum install -y ipvsadm
ipvsadm -Ln
    看到如下结果，说明kube-proxy配置成功

    IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
    Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
    -> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
    TCP 192.168.0.1:443 nq
    -> 10.4.7.21:6443 Masq 1 0 0
    -> 10.4.7.22:6443 Masq 1 0 0

验证集群是否可用

  1. 编辑 /root/nginx-ds.yaml 资源文件
    apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: nginx-ds
spec:
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx-ds
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: my-nginx
        image: harbor.od.com/public/nginx:v1.7.9
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
  2. 测试
    kubectl create -f nginx-ds.yaml
  3. 查看状态
    kubectl get pods -o wide
  4. 删除
    kubectl delete -f nginx-ds.yaml
  5. 获取集群状态
    kubectl get cs
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