作者:RazanPaul
译者:Todd Wei
介绍
您可能注意到了,.Net的System.Net.Sockets.TcpClient和System.Net.Sockets.Socket都没有直接为Connect/BeginConnect提供超时控制机制。因此,当服务器未处于监听状态,或者发生网络故障时,客户端连接请求会*等待很长一段时间,直到抛出异常。默认的等待时间长达20~30s。.Net Socket库的SocketOptionName.SendTimeout提供了控制发送数据的超时时间,但并非本文讨论的连接请求的超时时间。
背景
这个问题最初源于我的某个项目,在解决以后,我曾将关键代码发表在自己的博客上。我注意到不少人对此表示感谢,所以我想这是一个常见的问题,或许很多人都需要解决它。
实现
下面是实现的关键代码:
class TimeOutSocket
{
private static bool IsConnectionSuccessful = false;
private static Exception socketexception;
private static ManualResetEvent TimeoutObject = new ManualResetEvent(false);
public static TcpClient Connect(IPEndPoint remoteEndPoint, int timeoutMSec)
{
TimeoutObject.Reset();
socketexception = null;
string serverip = Convert.ToString(remoteEndPoint.Address);
int serverport = remoteEndPoint.Port;
TcpClient tcpclient = new TcpClient();
tcpclient.BeginConnect(serverip, serverport,
new AsyncCallback(CallBackMethod), tcpclient);
if (TimeoutObject.WaitOne(timeoutMSec, false))
{
if (IsConnectionSuccessful)
{
return tcpclient;
}
else
{
throw socketexception;
}
}
else
{
tcpclient.Close();
throw new TimeoutException("TimeOut Exception");
}
}
private static void CallBackMethod(IAsyncResult asyncresult)
{
try
{
IsConnectionSuccessful = false;
TcpClient tcpclient = asyncresult.AsyncState as TcpClient;
if (tcpclient.Client != null)
{
tcpclient.EndConnect(asyncresult);
IsConnectionSuccessful = true;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
IsConnectionSuccessful = false;
socketexception = ex;
}
finally
{
TimeoutObject.Set();
}
}
}
{
private static bool IsConnectionSuccessful = false;
private static Exception socketexception;
private static ManualResetEvent TimeoutObject = new ManualResetEvent(false);
public static TcpClient Connect(IPEndPoint remoteEndPoint, int timeoutMSec)
{
TimeoutObject.Reset();
socketexception = null;
string serverip = Convert.ToString(remoteEndPoint.Address);
int serverport = remoteEndPoint.Port;
TcpClient tcpclient = new TcpClient();
tcpclient.BeginConnect(serverip, serverport,
new AsyncCallback(CallBackMethod), tcpclient);
if (TimeoutObject.WaitOne(timeoutMSec, false))
{
if (IsConnectionSuccessful)
{
return tcpclient;
}
else
{
throw socketexception;
}
}
else
{
tcpclient.Close();
throw new TimeoutException("TimeOut Exception");
}
}
private static void CallBackMethod(IAsyncResult asyncresult)
{
try
{
IsConnectionSuccessful = false;
TcpClient tcpclient = asyncresult.AsyncState as TcpClient;
if (tcpclient.Client != null)
{
tcpclient.EndConnect(asyncresult);
IsConnectionSuccessful = true;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
IsConnectionSuccessful = false;
socketexception = ex;
}
finally
{
TimeoutObject.Set();
}
}
}
这里,ManualResetEvent的WaitOne(TimeSpan, Boolean)起到了主要的作用。它将阻止当前线程,直到ManualResetEvent对象被Set或者超过timeout时间。上面的代码中,调用BeginConnect后通过WaitOne方法阻止当前线程,如果在timeoutMSec时间内连接成功,将在CallBackMethod回调中调用TimeoutObject.Set,解除被阻塞的连接线程并返回;否则,连接线程会在等待超时后,主动关闭连接并抛出TimeoutException。
总结
虽然实现非常简单,但或许很多人都需要连接请求超时机制,如果有任何问题,我会尽力为您解答。
原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/adjk/p/4217546.html