1）
assertTemplateUsed 是Django TestCase 类提供的测试方法，用于检查响应是使用哪个模板渲染（注意，这个方法只能测试通过测试客户端获取的响应）
2）
dict.get(key, default=None)
参数
key – 字典中要查找的键。
default – 如果指定键的值不存在时，返回该默认值。
返回值
返回指定键的值，如果键不在字典中返回默认值 None 或者设置的默认值。
3）跨站请求伪造csrf
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_40482816/article/details/114301717
home.html
<html>
<title>To-Do lists</title>
<body><form method="post">
<input name="item_text" id="id_new_item" placeholder="enter a todo item"/>
{% csrf_token %}
<table id="id_item_table">
<tr><td>{{ new_item_text }}</td></tr>
</table>
</form></body>
</html>
views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse
# Create your views here.
'''def home_page(request):
return HttpResponse('<html><title>To-Do lists</title></html>')'''
from django.shortcuts import render
'''def home_page(request):
if request.method=='POST':
return HttpResponse(request.POST['item_text'])
return render(request,'home.html')'''
def home_page(request):
return render(request, 'home.html',{'new_item_text':request.POST.get('item_text',''),})
urls.py
"""superlists URL Configuration
The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
1. Add an import: from my_app import views
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^$', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^$', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
1. Import the include() function: from django.conf.urls import url, include
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from lists import views
from django.conf.urls import url
urlpatterns = [
# url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^$',views.home_page,name='home'),
]
tests.py
'''from django.test import TestCase
# Create your tests here.
class Smokeclass(TestCase):
def test_bad_maths(self):
self.assertEquals(1+1,3)'''''
from django.urls import resolve
from django.test import TestCase
from lists.views import home_page
from django.http import HttpRequest
class HomePageTest(TestCase):
def test_root_url_resolve_to_home_page_view(self):
found=resolve('/')
# resolve函数是django内部使用的函数，用于解析url，
# 并且将其映射到相应的视图函数上，检查网站根路径时"/"，
# 是否能找到home_page函数
self.assertEquals(found.func,home_page)
def test_home_page_returns_correct_html(self):
request=HttpRequest()
# 创建httprequest对象，用户在浏览器中请求网页时
# django看到的就是httprequest对象
response=home_page(request)
# 把对象传给home_page视图
html=response.content.decode('utf8')
# 提取content，得到结果是原始的字节，即发个用户
# 浏览器的0和1，随后调用.decode(),把原始字节
# 转换成发给用户的html字符串
self.assertTrue(html.startswith('<html>'))
self.assertIn('<title>To-Do lists</title>',html)
self.assertTrue(html.endswith('</html>'))
def test_home_page_returns_correct_html_chonggou(self):
response=self.client.get('/')
html = response.content.decode('utf8')
# 提取content，得到结果是原始的字节，即发个用户
# 浏览器的0和1，随后调用.decode(),把原始字节
# 转换成发给用户的html字符串
self.assertTrue(html.startswith('<html>'))
self.assertIn('<title>To-Do lists</title>', html)
self.assertTrue(html.endswith('</html>'))
self.assertTemplateUsed(response,'home.html')
def test_user_home_template(self):
response=self.client.get('/')
self.assertTemplateUsed(response,'home.html')
def test_can_save_a_POST_request(self):
response=self.client.post('/',data={'item_text':'a new list item'})
self.assertIn('a new list item',response.content.decode())
self.assertTemplateUsed(response, 'home.html')