Step 1

修改清华源(修改完可提高下载速度)

先运行

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

替换文本内容，保存，退出。

# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

运行一下命令更新一下。

sudo apt-get update

Step 2:

安装GTK

//1安装gcc/g++/gdb/make 等基本编程工具
sudo apt-get install build-essential

//2安装 libgtk2.0-dev libglib2.0-dev 等开发相关的库文件
sudo apt-get install gnome-core-devel

//3用于在编译GTK程序时自动找出头文件及库文件位置
sudo apt-get install pkg-config

//4安装 devhelp GTK文档查看程序
sudo apt-get install devhelp

//5安装 gtk/glib 的API参考手册及其它帮助文档
sudo apt-get install libglib2.0-doc libgtk2.0-doc

//6安装基于GTK的界面GTK是开发Gnome窗口的c/c++语言图形库 
sudo apt-get install glade libglade2-dev

//7安装gtk2.0 或者 将gtk+2.0所需的所有文件统通下载安装完毕
sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev

Step 3

验证是否安装成功

//1查看 2.x 版本
pkg-config --modversion gtk+-2.0

//2查看pkg-config的版本
pkg-config --version

//3查看是否安装了gtk
pkg-config --list-all grep gtk

用一个简单的程序测试一下

#include <gtk/gtk.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    GtkWidget   *window;
    GtkWidget   *label;
    
    gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
    
    window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
    gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"title");
    /*
    label = gtk_label_new("label");
    gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),label);
    */
    
    // connect the destroy signal of the window to gtk_main_quit
    // when the window is about to be destroyed we get a notification and
    // stop the main GTK+ loop
    
    g_signal_connect(window,"destroy",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);

    gtk_widget_show_all(window);
    
    // start the main loop, and let it rest until the application is closed
    gtk_main();
    

    return 0;
}

编译

gcc -o ggg gtk.c `pkg-config --cflags --libs  gtk+-2.0`

运行

./ggg

运行时有警告，忽视即可。