Security
spring提供的一套安全机制，SpringSecurity注重于为Java应用提供认证和授权功能，像所有的Spring项目一样，它对自定义需求具有强大的扩展性
jwt
在security之前，先讲解一下jwt，jwt是Javaweb应用中的令牌，具体请看之前的jwt，作用是提供用户识别的机制
授权原理
- 用户调用登录接口，登录成功后获取到JWT的token；
- 之后用户每次调用接口都在http的header中添加一个叫Authorization的头，值为JWT的token；
- 后台程序通过对Authorization头中信息的解码及数字签名校验来获取其中的用户信息，从而实现认证和授权。
权限的实现
- ums_admin：后台用户表
- ums_role：后台用户角色表
- ums_permission：后台用户权限表
- ums_admin_role_relation：后台用户和角色关系表，用户与角色是多对多关系
- ums_role_permission_relation：后台用户角色和权限关系表，角色与权限是多对多关系
- ums_admin_permission_relation：后台用户和权限关系表(除角色中定义的权限以外的加减权限)，加权限是指用户比角色多出的权限，减权限是指用户比角色少的权限
具体实现
配置
<!--SpringSecurity依赖配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--Hutool Java工具包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
<artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
<version>4.5.7</version>
</dependency>
<!--JWT(Json Web Token)登录支持-->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
<artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
<version>0.9.0</version>
</dependency>
jwt的工具类
security
/**
* SpringSecurity的配置
* Created by macro on 2018/4/26.
*/
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled=true)
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Autowired
private UmsAdminService adminService;
@Autowired
private RestfulAccessDeniedHandler restfulAccessDeniedHandler;
@Autowired
private RestAuthenticationEntryPoint restAuthenticationEntryPoint;
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity httpSecurity) throws Exception {
httpSecurity.csrf()// 由于使用的是JWT，我们这里不需要csrf
.disable()
.sessionManagement()// 基于token，所以不需要session
.sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)
.and()
.authorizeRequests()
.antMatchers(HttpMethod.GET, // 允许对于网站静态资源的无授权访问
"/",
"/*.html",
"/favicon.ico",
"/**/*.html",
"/**/*.css",
"/**/*.js",
"/swagger-resources/**",
"/v2/api-docs/**"
)
.permitAll()
.antMatchers("/admin/login", "/admin/register")// 对登录注册要允许匿名访问
.permitAll()
.antMatchers(HttpMethod.OPTIONS)//跨域请求会先进行一次options请求
.permitAll()
// .antMatchers("/**")//测试时全部运行访问
// .permitAll()
.anyRequest()// 除上面外的所有请求全部需要鉴权认证
.authenticated();
// 禁用缓存
httpSecurity.headers().cacheControl();
// 添加JWT filter
httpSecurity.addFilterBefore(jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
//添加自定义未授权和未登录结果返回
httpSecurity.exceptionHandling()
.accessDeniedHandler(restfulAccessDeniedHandler)
.authenticationEntryPoint(restAuthenticationEntryPoint);
}
@Override
protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService())
.passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
}
@Bean
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}
@Bean
public UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
//获取登录用户信息
return username -> {
UmsAdmin admin = adminService.getAdminByUsername(username);
if (admin != null) {
List<UmsPermission> permissionList = adminService.getPermissionList(admin.getId());
return new AdminUserDetails(admin,permissionList);
}
throw new UsernameNotFoundException("用户名或密码错误");
};
}
@Bean
public JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter(){
return new JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter();
}
@Bean
@Override
public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
return super.authenticationManagerBean();
}
}
- configure(HttpSecurity httpSecurity)：用于配置需要拦截的url路径、jwt过滤器及出异常后的处理器；
- configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth)：用于配置UserDetailsService及PasswordEncoder；
- RestfulAccessDeniedHandler：当用户没有访问权限时的处理器，用于返回JSON格式的处理结果；
- RestAuthenticationEntryPoint：当未登录或token失效时，返回JSON格式的结果；
- UserDetailsService:SpringSecurity定义的核心接口，用于根据用户名获取用户信息，需要自行实现；
- UserDetails：SpringSecurity定义用于封装用户信息的类（主要是用户信息和权限），需要自行实现；
- PasswordEncoder：SpringSecurity定义的用于对密码进行编码及比对的接口，目前使用的是BCryptPasswordEncoder；
- JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter：在用户名和密码校验前添加的过滤器，如果有jwt的token，会自行根据token信息进行登录。
security的配置类
package springboot.boot.component;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.WebAuthenticationDetailsSource;
import org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter;
import springboot.boot.common.utils.JwtTokenUtil;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* JWT登录授权过滤器
* Created by macro on 2018/4/26.
*/
public class JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter.class);
@Autowired
private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
@Autowired
private JwtTokenUtil jwtTokenUtil;
@Value("${jwt.tokenHeader}")
private String tokenHeader;
@Value("${jwt.tokenHead}")
private String tokenHead;
@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
String authHeader = request.getHeader(this.tokenHeader);
if (authHeader != null && authHeader.startsWith(this.tokenHead)) {
String authToken = authHeader.substring(this.tokenHead.length());// The part after "Bearer "
String username = jwtTokenUtil.getUserNameFromToken(authToken);
LOGGER.info("checking username:{}", username);
if (username != null && SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication() == null) {
UserDetails userDetails = this.userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(username);
if (jwtTokenUtil.validateToken(authToken, userDetails)) {
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(userDetails, null, userDetails.getAuthorities());
authentication.setDetails(new WebAuthenticationDetailsSource().buildDetails(request));
LOGGER.info("authenticated user:{}", username);
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
}
}
}
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
package springboot.boot.component;
import cn.hutool.json.JSONUtil;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.web.AuthenticationEntryPoint;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import springboot.boot.common.api.CommonResult;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* 当未登录或者token失效访问接口时，自定义的返回结果
* Created by macro on 2018/5/14.
*/
@Component
public class RestAuthenticationEntryPoint implements AuthenticationEntryPoint {
@Override
public void commence(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException authException) throws IOException, ServletException {
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("application/json");
response.getWriter().println(JSONUtil.parse(CommonResult.unauthorized(authException.getMessage())));
response.getWriter().flush();
}
}
package springboot.boot.component;
import cn.hutool.json.JSONUtil;
import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.AccessDeniedHandler;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import springboot.boot.common.api.CommonResult;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* 当访问接口没有权限时，自定义的返回结果
* Created by macro on 2018/4/26.
*/
@Component
public class RestfulAccessDeniedHandler implements AccessDeniedHandler{
@Override
public void handle(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response,
AccessDeniedException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("application/json");
response.getWriter().println(JSONUtil.parse(CommonResult.forbidden(e.getMessage())));
response.getWriter().flush();
}
}
security的权限类
package springboot.boot.domain;
import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
/**
* Created by macro on 2020/10/15.
*/
@Data
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = false)
@Builder
public class AdminUserDetails implements UserDetails {
private String username;
private String password;
private List<String> authorityList;
@Override
public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {
return this.authorityList.stream().map(SimpleGrantedAuthority::new).collect(Collectors.toList());
}
@Override
public String getPassword() {
return this.password;
}
@Override
public String getUsername() {
return this.username;
}
@Override
public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean isEnabled() {
return true;
}
}
感谢大佬，macro