一、SpringMVC基础入门，创建一个HelloWorld程序
1.首先，导入SpringMVC需要的jar包。
2.添加Web.xml配置文件中关于SpringMVC的配置
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<!--configure the setting of springmvcDispatcherServlet and configure the mapping--><servlet>
<servlet-name><span id="56_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="56_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=spring&k0=spring&kdi0=0&luki=7&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="56" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">spring</span></a></span>mvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> -->
</<span id="57_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="57_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=servlet&k0=servlet&kdi0=0&luki=5&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="57" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">servlet</span></a></span>>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
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3.在src下添加springmvc-servlet.xml配置文件
4.在WEB-INF文件夹下创建名为jsp的文件夹，用来存放jsp视图。创建一个hello.jsp，在body中添加“Hello World”。
5.建立包及Controller，如下所示
6.编写Controller代码
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@Controller@RequestMapping("/mvc")
public class mvcController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello(){
return "hello";
}
} |
7.启动服务器，键入 http://localhost:8080/项目名/mvc/hello
二、配置解析
1.Dispatcherservlet
DispatcherServlet是前置控制器，配置在web.xml文件中的。拦截匹配的请求，Servlet拦截匹配规则要自已定义，把拦截下来的请求，依据相应的规则分发到目标Controller来处理，是配置spring MVC的第一步。
2.InternalResourceViewResolver
视图名称解析器
3.以上出现的注解
@Controller 负责注册一个bean 到spring 上下文中
@RequestMapping 注解为控制器指定可以处理哪些 URL 请求
三、SpringMVC常用注解
@Controller
负责注册一个bean 到spring 上下文中
@RequestMapping
注解为控制器指定可以处理哪些 URL 请求
@RequestBody
该注解用于读取Request请求的body部分数据，使用系统默认配置的HttpMessageConverter进行解析，然后把相应的数据绑定到要返回的对象上 ,再把HttpMessageConverter返回的对象数据绑定到 controller中方法的参数上
@ResponseBody
该注解用于将Controller的方法返回的对象，通过适当的HttpMessageConverter转换为指定格式后，写入到Response对象的body数据区
@ModelAttribute
在方法定义上使用 @ModelAttribute 注解：Spring MVC 在调用目标处理方法前，会先逐个调用在方法级上标注了@ModelAttribute 的方法
在方法的入参前使用 @ModelAttribute 注解：可以从隐含对象中获取隐含的模型数据中获取对象，再将请求参数 –绑定到对象中，再传入入参将方法入参对象添加到模型中
@RequestParam
在处理方法入参处使用 @RequestParam 可以把请求参 数传递给请求方法
@PathVariable
绑定 URL 占位符到入参
@ExceptionHandler
注解到方法上，出现异常时会执行该方法
@ControllerAdvice
使一个Contoller成为全局的异常处理类，类中用@ExceptionHandler方法注解的方法可以处理所有Controller发生的异常
四、自动匹配参数
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//match automatically@RequestMapping("/person")
public String toPerson(String name,double age){
System.out.println(name+" "+age);
return "hello";
} |
五、自动装箱
1.编写一个Person实体类
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package test.SpringMVC.model;
public class Person {
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
private String name;
private int age;
} |
2.在Controller里编写方法
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//boxing automatically@RequestMapping("/person1")
public String toPerson(Person p){
System.out.println(p.getName()+" "+p.getAge());
return "hello";
} |
六、使用InitBinder来处理Date类型的参数
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//the parameter was converted in initBinder@RequestMapping("/date")
public String date(Date date){
System.out.println(date);
return "hello";
} //At the time of initialization,convert the <span id="38_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="38_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=type&k0=type&kdi0=0&luki=6&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="38" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">type</span></a></span> "String" to type "date"@InitBinderpublic void initBinder(ServletRequestDataBinder binder){
binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, <span id="39_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="39_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=new&k0=new&kdi0=0&luki=1&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="39" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">new</span></a></span> CustomDateEditor(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"),
true));
} |
七、向前台传递参数
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//pass the parameters to front-end@RequestMapping("/show")
public String showPerson(Map<String,Object> map){
Person p =<span id="37_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="37_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=new&k0=new&kdi0=0&luki=1&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="37" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">new</span></a></span> Person();
map.put("p", p);
p.setAge(20);
p.setName("jayjay");
return "show";
} |
前台可在Request域中取到"p"
八、使用Ajax调用
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//pass the parameters to front-end using <span id="36_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="36_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=ajax&k0=ajax&kdi0=0&luki=3&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="36" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">ajax</span></a></span>@RequestMapping("/getPerson")
public void getPerson(String name,PrintWriter pw){
pw.write("hello,"+name);
}@RequestMapping("/name")
public String sayHello(){
return "name";
} |
前台用下面的Jquery代码调用
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$(function(){
$("#btn").click(function(){
$.post("<span id="34_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="34_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=mvc&k0=mvc&kdi0=0&luki=10&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="34" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">mvc</span></a></span>/getPerson",{name:$("#name").val()},function(data){
alert(data);
});
});
}); |
九、在Controller中使用redirect方式处理请求
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//redirect @RequestMapping("/redirect")
public String redirect(){
return "redirect:hello";
} |
十、文件上传
1.需要导入两个jar包
2.在SpringMVC配置文件中加入
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<!-- upload settings --><bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.<span id="33_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="33_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=spring&k0=spring&kdi0=0&luki=7&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="33" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">spring</span></a></span>framework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="102400000"></property>
</bean>
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3.方法代码
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@RequestMapping(value="/upload",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public String upload(HttpServletRequest req) throws Exception{
MultipartHttpServletRequest mreq = (MultipartHttpServletRequest)req;
MultipartFile file = mreq.getFile("file");
String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
SimpleDateFormat sdf = <span id="32_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="32_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=new&k0=new&kdi0=0&luki=1&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="32" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">new</span></a></span> SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss");
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(req.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/")+
"upload/"+sdf.format(new Date())+fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf('.')));
fos.write(file.getBytes());
fos.flush();
fos.close();
return "hello";
} |
4.前台form表单
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<form action="mvc/upload" method="post" enc<span id="30_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="30_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=type&k0=type&kdi0=0&luki=6&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="30" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">type</span></a></span>="multipart/form-data">
<input type="file" name="file"><br>
<input type="submit" value="submit">
</form>
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十一、使用@RequestParam注解指定参数的name
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@Controller@RequestMapping("/test")
public class <span id="29_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="29_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=mvc&k0=mvc&kdi0=0&luki=10&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="29" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">mvc</span></a></span>Controller1 {
@RequestMapping(value="/param")
public String testRequestParam(@RequestParam(value="id") Integer id,
@RequestParam(value="name")String name){
System.out.println(id+" "+name);
return "/hello";
}
} |
十二、RESTFul风格的SringMVC
1.RestController
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@Controller@RequestMapping("/rest")
public class RestController {
@RequestMapping(value="/user/{id}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String get(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
System.out.println("get"+id);
return "/hello";
}
@RequestMapping(value="/user/{id}",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public String post(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
System.out.println("post"+id);
return "/hello";
}
@RequestMapping(value="/user/{id}",method=RequestMethod.PUT)
public String put(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
System.out.println("put"+id);
return "/hello";
}
@RequestMapping(value="/user/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
public String delete(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
System.out.println("delete"+id);
return "/hello";
}
} |
2.form表单发送put和delete请求
在web.xml中配置
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<!-- configure the HiddenHttpMethodFilter,convert the post method to put or delete --><filter>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.<span id="27_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="27_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=spring&k0=spring&kdi0=0&luki=7&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="27" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">spring</span></a></span>framework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
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在前台可以用以下代码产生请求
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<form action="rest/user/1" method="post">
<input <span id="24_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="24_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=type&k0=type&kdi0=0&luki=6&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="24" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">type</span></a></span>="hidden" name="_method" value="PUT">
<input type="submit" value="put">
</form>
<form action="rest/user/1" method="post">
<input type="submit" value="post">
</form>
<form action="rest/user/1" method="get">
<input type="submit" value="get">
</form>
<form action="rest/user/1" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="DELETE">
<input <span id="25_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="25_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=type&k0=type&kdi0=0&luki=6&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="25" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">type</span></a></span>="submit" value="delete">
</form>
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十三、返回json格式的字符串
1.导入以下jar包
2.方法代码
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@Controller@RequestMapping("/json")
public class jsonController {
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("/user")
public User get(){
User u = <span id="23_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="23_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=new&k0=new&kdi0=0&luki=1&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="23" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">new</span></a></span> User();
u.setId(1);
u.setName("jayjay");
u.setBirth(new Date());
return u;
}
} |
十四、异常的处理
1.处理局部异常（Controller内）
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@ExceptionHandlerpublic ModelAndView exceptionHandler(Exception ex){
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("error");
mv.addObject("exception", ex);
System.out.println("in testExceptionHandler");
return mv;
} @RequestMapping("/error")
public String error(){
int i = 5/0;
return "hello";
} |
2.处理全局异常（所有Controller）
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@ControllerAdvicepublic class testControllerAdvice {
@ExceptionHandler
public ModelAndView exceptionHandler(Exception ex){
ModelAndView mv = <span id="22_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="22_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=new&k0=new&kdi0=0&luki=1&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="22" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">new</span></a></span> ModelAndView("error");
mv.addObject("exception", ex);
System.out.println("in testControllerAdvice");
return mv;
}
} |
3.另一种处理全局异常的方法
在SpringMVC配置文件中配置
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<!-- configure SimpleMappingExceptionResolver --><bean class="org.<span id="20_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="20_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=spring&k0=spring&kdi0=0&luki=7&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="20" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">spring</span></a></span>framework.web.<span id="21_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="21_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=servlet&k0=servlet&kdi0=0&luki=5&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="21" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">servlet</span></a></span>.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
<property name="exceptionMappings">
<props>
<prop key="java.lang.ArithmeticException">error</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
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error是出错页面
十五、设置一个自定义拦截器
1.创建一个MyInterceptor类，并实现HandlerInterceptor接口
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public class MyInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest arg0,
HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, Exception arg3)
throws Exception {
System.out.println("afterCompletion");
}
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,
Object arg2, ModelAndView arg3) throws Exception {
System.out.println("postHandle");
}
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,
Object arg2) throws Exception {
System.out.println("preHandle");
return true;
}
} |
2.在SpringMVC的配置文件中配置
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<!-- interceptor setting --><<span id="19_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="19_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=mvc&k0=mvc&kdi0=0&luki=10&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="19" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">mvc</span></a></span>:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/mvc/**"/>
<bean class="test.SpringMVC.Interceptor.MyInterceptor"></bean>
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
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3.拦截器执行顺序
十六、表单的验证（使用Hibernate-validate）及国际化
1.导入Hibernate-validate需要的jar包
(未选中不用导入)
2.编写实体类User并加上验证注解
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public class User {
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Date getBirth() {
return birth;
}
public void setBirth(Date birth) {
this.birth = birth;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", birth=" + birth + "]";
}
private int id;
@NotEmpty
private String name;
@Past
@DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd")
private Date birth;
} |
ps:@Past表示时间必须是一个过去值
3.在jsp中使用SpringMVC的form表单
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<form:form action="form/add" method="post" modelAttribute="user">
id:<form:input path="id"/><form:errors path="id"/><br>
name:<form:input path="name"/><form:errors path="name"/><br>
birth:<form:input path="birth"/><form:errors path="birth"/>
<input <span id="17_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="17_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=type&k0=type&kdi0=0&luki=6&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="17" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">type</span></a></span>="submit" value="submit">
</form:form>
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ps:path对应name
4.Controller中代码
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@Controller@RequestMapping("/form")
public class formController {
@RequestMapping(value="/add",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public String add(@Valid User u,BindingResult br){
if(br.getErrorCount()>0){
return "addUser";
}
return "showUser";
}
@RequestMapping(value="/add",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String add(Map<String,Object> map){
map.put("user",<span id="16_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="16_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=new&k0=new&kdi0=0&luki=1&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="16" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">new</span></a></span> User());
return "addUser";
}
} |
ps:
1.因为jsp中使用了modelAttribute属性，所以必须在request域中有一个"user".
2.@Valid 表示按照在实体上标记的注解验证参数
3.返回到原页面错误信息回回显，表单也会回显
5.错误信息自定义
在src目录下添加locale.properties
NotEmpty.user.name=name can't not be empty Past.user.birth=birth should be a past value DateTimeFormat.user.birth=the format of input is wrong typeMismatch.user.birth=the format of input is wrong typeMismatch.user.id=the format of input is wrong
在SpringMVC配置文件中配置
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<!-- configure the locale resource --><bean id="messageSource" class="org.<span id="13_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="13_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=spring&k0=spring&kdi0=0&luki=7&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="13" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">spring</span></a></span>framework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource">
<property name="basename" value="locale"></property>
</bean>
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6.国际化显示
在src下添加locale_zh_CN.properties
username=账号 password=密码
locale.properties中添加
username=user name password=password
创建一个locale.jsp
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<body>
<fmt:message key="username"></fmt:message>
<fmt:message key="password"></fmt:message>
</body>
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在SpringMVC中配置
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<!-- make the jsp page can be visited --><<span id="12_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="12_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=mvc&k0=mvc&kdi0=0&luki=10&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="12" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">mvc</span></a></span>:view-controller path="/locale" view-name="locale"/>
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让locale.jsp在WEB-INF下也能直接访问
最后，访问locale.jsp，切换浏览器语言，能看到账号和密码的语言也切换了
十七、压轴大戏--整合SpringIOC和SpringMVC
1.创建一个test.SpringMVC.integrate的包用来演示整合，并创建各类
2.User实体类
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public class User {
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Date getBirth() {
return birth;
}
public void setBirth(Date birth) {
this.birth = birth;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", birth=" + birth + "]";
}
private int id;
@NotEmpty
private String name;
@Past
@DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd")
private Date birth;
} |
3.UserService类
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@Componentpublic class UserService {
public UserService(){
System.out.println("UserService Constructor...\n\n\n\n\n\n");
}
public void save(){
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4.UserController
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@Controller@RequestMapping("/integrate")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping("/user")
public String saveUser(@RequestBody @ModelAttribute User u){
System.out.println(u);
userService.save();
return "hello";
}
} |
5.Spring配置文件
在src目录下创建SpringIOC的配置文件applicationContext.xml
在Web.xml中添加配置
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<!-- configure the springIOC --><listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.<span id="3_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="3_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=xml&k0=xml&kdi0=0&luki=2&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="3" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">xml</span></a></span></param-value>
</context-param>
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6.在SpringMVC中进行一些配置，防止SpringMVC和SpringIOC对同一个对象的管理重合
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<!-- scan the package and the sub package --> <context:component-scan base-package="test.SpringMVC.integrate">
<context:include-filter <span id="1_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="1_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=type&k0=type&kdi0=0&luki=6&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="1" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">type</span></a></span>="annotation"
expression="org.<span id="2_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="2_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=20&is_app=0&jk=4fa2399595c845ff&k=spring&k0=spring&kdi0=0&luki=7&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=ff45c8959539a24f&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0" target="_blank" mpid="2" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">spring</span></a></span>framework.stereotype.Controller"/>
<context:include-filter type="annotation"
expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice"/>
</context:component-scan>
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十八、SpringMVC详细运行流程图
十九、SpringMVC与struts2的区别
1、springmvc基于方法开发的，struts2基于类开发的。springmvc将url和controller里的方法映射。映射成功后springmvc生成一个Handler对象，对象中只包括了一个method。方法执行结束，形参数据销毁。springmvc的controller开发类似web service开发。
2、springmvc可以进行单例开发，并且建议使用单例开发，struts2通过类的成员变量接收参数，无法使用单例，只能使用多例。
3、经过实际测试，struts2速度慢，在于使用struts标签，如果使用struts建议使用jstl。
转自：http://www.admin10000.com/document/6436.html