JDBC
spring: datasource: # 数据源基本配置 username: root password: 123456 driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jdbc?&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC //校准时差 initialization-mode: always //Spring Boot2.x 执行schema.sql初始化数据库
1.DataSourceInitializer:ApplicationListener 作用:
schema‐*.sql(sql建表语句)、data‐*.sql(sql数据有关语句)
默认规则:schema.sql,schema‐all.sql;
可以使用:schema:
‐ classpath:department.sql 指定位置
2.操作数据库:自动配置了JdbcTemplate操作数据库:
@Controller public class HelloController { @Autowired JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate; @ResponseBody @GetMapping("/query") public Map<String,Object> map(){ List<Map<String, Object>> list = jdbcTemplate.queryForList("select * from department"); return list.get(0); } }
Druid
Druid是一个具有成套的监控与安全的数据源。 可以监控数据库访问性能,内置提供了一个功能强大的StatFilter插件,能够详细统计SQL的执行性能,这对于线上分析数据库访问性能有帮助。
1.引入Druid
进入maven仓库https://mvnrepository.com/,搜索Druid,复制所需的版本。添加到springboot的pom.xml中。
2.在application.xml配置文件中更改数据源类型:
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
3.添加数据源属性:
关于齐进左对齐可用快捷键:shift+tab
# 数据源其他配置 initialSize: 5 minIdle: 5 maxActive: 20 maxWait: 60000 timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000 minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000 validationQuery: SELECT 1 FROM DUAL testWhileIdle: true testOnBorrow: false testOnReturn: false poolPreparedStatements: true # 配置监控统计拦截的filters,去掉后监控界面sql无法统计,‘wall‘用于防火墙 filters: stat,wall,log4j2 maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 20 useGlobalDataSourceStat: true connectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=500
由于这些属性在DataSourceProperties并没有,所并不能绑定到DataSourceProperties中,默认不起作用。要起作用需自己创建它的配置类:
导入druid数据源
@Configuration public class DruidConfig {
//将自定义的属性绑定进去 @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource") @Bean public DataSource druid(){ return new DruidDataSource(); }
@Bean public ServletRegistrationBean statViewServlet(){ ServletRegistrationBean bean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new StatViewServlet(), "/druid/*"); Map<String ,String> initParams = new HashMap<>(); initParams.put("loginUsername","admin"); //设置登录名称 initParams.put("loginPassword","123456"); //设置登录密码 initParams.put("allow",""); //默认是允许所有访问 initParams.put("deny","10.81.255.181"); //设置禁止访问对象 bean.setInitParameters(initParams); return bean; }
@Bean public FilterRegistrationBean webStatFilter(){ FilterRegistrationBean bean = new FilterRegistrationBean(); bean.setFilter(new WebStatFilter()); Map<String,String> initParams = new HashMap<>(); initParams.put("exclusions","*.js,*.css,/druid/*"); bean.setInitParameters(initParams); bean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/*")); return bean; } }
Mybatis
使用springboot,勾选mybatis自动会配置
<dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>2.1.3</version> </dependency>
1.注解版
//指定这是一个操作数据库的mapper
@Mapper public interface DepartmentMapper { @Select("select * from department where id = #{id}") public Department getDeptById(Integer id); @Delete("delete from department where id = #{id}") public void delDeptById(Integer id); @Options(useGeneratedKeys = true,keyProperty = "id") //获取自增id @Insert("insert into department(department_name) values(#{departmentName})") public void insertDept(Department department); @Update("update department set department_name = #{departmentName} where id = #{id}") public void updateDept(Department department); }
若需开启驼峰命名,自定义MyBatis的配置规则;给容器中添加一个ConfifigurationCustomizer:
@org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration public class MybatisConfig { @Bean public ConfigurationCustomizer configurationCustomizer(){ return new ConfigurationCustomizer(){ @Override public void customize(Configuration configuration) { configuration.setMapUnderscoreToCamelCase(true); } }; } }
package com.example.springbootdatamybatis; import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; @MapperScan(value = "com.example.springbootdatamybatis.mapper") //mapper包下的其所有都自动添加了注解 @SpringBootApplication public class SpringbootDataMybatisApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SpringbootDataMybatisApplication.class, args); } }
此时在mapper中的注解@Mapper可以注释掉
2.配置文件版
创建mybatis的配置文件:xml形式。 mybatis代码都托管在github下:https://github.com/search?q=mybatis
在创建好的mybatis_config.xml全局配置文件中写入:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <environments default="development"> <environment id="development"> <transactionManager type="JDBC"/> <dataSource type="POOLED"> <property name="driver" value="${driver}"/> <property name="url" value="${url}"/> //去掉这块内容 <property name="username" value="${username}"/> <property name="password" value="${password}"/> </dataSource> </environment> </environments> <mappers> <mapper resource="org/mybatis/example/BlogMapper.xml"/> </mappers> </configuration>
在创建好的sql映射文件employeeMapper.xml中同样找到:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.example.springbootdatamybatis.mapper.EmployeeMapper"> //和接口绑定 <!--public Employee getEmpById(Integer id); public void insertEmp(Employee employee);--> <select id="getEmpById" resultType="com.example.springbootdatamybatis.bean.Employee"> //配置方法 select * from employee where id = #{id} </select> <insert id="insertEmp" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id"> insert into employee(lastName,email,gender,d_id) values (#{lastName},#{email},#{gender},#{dId}) </insert> </mapper>
在application.xml中配置:
mybatis: config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis_config.xml //指定全局配置文件的位置 mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml //指定sql映射文件的位置
若需开启驼峰命名法,在mybatis_config.xml中写入:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<settings>
<setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/> //驼峰命名法开启
</settings>
</configuration>
更多操作参考:http://www.mybatis.org/spring-boot-starter/mybatis-spring-boot-autoconfifigure/
JPA
整合SpringData JPA :ORM(Object Relational Mapping)
//使用JPA注解配置映射关系
@Entity //告诉JPA这是一个实体类(和数据表映射的类)
@Table(name = "tbl_user") //@Table来指定和哪个数据表对应;如果省略默认表名就是user
public class User {
@Id //这是一个主键
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) //自增主键
private Integer id;
@Column(name = "last_name" , length = 50) //这是和数据表对应的一个列
private String lastName;
@Column //省略默认列名就是属性名
private String email;
}
//继承JpaRepository来完成对数据库的操作 public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User,Integer> { }
spring:
jpa: hibernate: # 更新或者创建数据表结构 ddl-auto: update # 控制台显示SQL show-sql: true