首先下载lxml, http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/ ,然后添加引用
from
lxml
import _elementpath
as
DONTUSE
from
lxml
import etree
具体示例:
1.添加命名空间
#set namespace
nsmap = {"xsi":
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
}
g_statisticsRoot = etree.Element("DcmStatistics",
nsmap = nsmap)
2.添加xml schema引用
#add xsd reference
g_statisticsRoot.set("{http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance}noNamespaceSchemaLocation",
"DcmStatistics.xsd"
)
3.添加注释
#add comment, 利用addprevious添加到根节点的前面
comment = etree.Comment("create by jiangong.li")
g_statisticsRoot.addprevious(comment)
4.尝试多种编码来解析xml
def
decodingXml(xmlFile):
tree = None
encoding =
"utf-8"
while(True):
try:
parser = etree.XMLParser(remove_blank_text=
True, encoding=encoding, remove_comments =
False)
tree = etree.parse(xmlFile, parser)
except
Exception
as
e:
if
(encoding !=
"gb18030"):
encoding =
"gb18030"
continue
else:
print(
"\nPAR XML ERROR, decoding error."
)
break
break
return
tree
5.遍历xml下的所有子节点,不止直属第一级子节点.
iter()
for
element
in
root.iter():
element.tail
=
None
6.遍历xml下的第一级子节点.
iterchildren()
for
e
in srcParentNode.iterchildren():
if
e
is srcParentNode:
continue
name =
""
#statistics node
if e.tag ==
"element":
name =
"Element"
elif
e.tag ==
"sequence":
name =
"Sequence"
elif
e.tag ==
"item":
name =
"Item"
else:
print(
"\nUnsupported element type: %s\n"
%(e.tag))
name = e.tag
# Only parse element/sequence/item
continue
7.添加子节点到尾部.
append()
def
getXmlElement(nodeName, parentNode):
if
parentNode == None:
raise
Exception(
"parent node is None")
nodes = parentNode.xpath(
'./'+nodeName)
if
len(nodes) == 0:
node = etree.Element(nodeName)
parentNode.append(node)
return
node
else:
return
nodes[0]
8.格式化成str输出
etree.tostring(g_statisticsRoot, encoding=
"UTF-8", xml_declaration=True
, pretty_print=True, with_comments=True
)
9.保存成xml文件
statisticsResult = open(g_xmlName,
"bw+")
statisticsResult.write(etree.tostring(g_statisticsRoot, encoding=
"UTF-8", xml_declaration=True,
pretty_print=True
, with_comments=True))
statisticsResult.flush()
statisticsResult.close()