CentOS6.5编译安装Nginx1.8.1+MySQL5.5.48+PHP5.2.17+xcache3.2+ZendOptimizer-3.3.9

2021-12-12 09:20:57

一、安装Nginx：

1、解决依赖关系

编译安装nginx需要事先需要安装开发包组"Development Tools"和 "Development Libraries"。同时，还需要专门安装pcre-devel包：

# yum groupinstall -y "Development Tools" "Server Platform Development"

# yum -y install pcre-devel

2、安装

首先添加用户nginx，实现以之运行nginx服务进程：

# groupadd -r nginx

# useradd -r -g nginx nginx

调整系统当前时间

# date -s "04/07/2016 10:40:00"

# tar xf nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz

# cd nginx-1.8.1

接着开始编译和安装：

# ./configure \

--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \

--sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx \

--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \

--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \

--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \

--pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \

--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \

--user=nginx \

--group=nginx \

--with-http_ssl_module \

--with-http_flv_module \

--with-http_stub_status_module \

--with-http_gzip_static_module \

--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \

--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \

--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \

--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \

--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi \

--with-pcre \

--with-file-aio

# make && make install

说明：如果想使用nginx的perl模块，可以通过为configure脚本添加--with-http_perl_module选项来实现，但目前此模块仍处于实验性使用阶段，可能会在运行中出现意外，因此，其实现方式这里不再介绍。如果想使用基于nginx的cgi功能，也可以基于FCGI来实现，具体实现方法请参照网上的文档。

3、为nginx提供SysV init脚本:

新建文件/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx，内容如下：

#!/bin/bash

# nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server

# it is v.0.0.2 version.

# chkconfig: - 85 15

# description: Nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server.

# It has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone.

# processname: nginx

# pidfile: /var/run/nginx/nginx.pid

# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

nginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

nginx_config=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

nginx_pid=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid

RETVAL=0

prog="nginx"

# Source function library.

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.

. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.

[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0

[ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0

# Start nginx daemons functions.

start() {

if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then

echo "nginx already running...."

exit 1

fi

echo -n $"Starting $prog: "

daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config}

RETVAL=$?

echo

[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx

return $RETVAL

}

# Stop nginx daemons functions.

stop() {

echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "

killproc $nginxd

RETVAL=$?

echo

[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /var/run/nginx/nginx.pid

}

# reload nginx service functions.

reload() {

echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "

#kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}`

killproc $nginxd -HUP

RETVAL=$?

echo

}

# See how we were called.

case "$1" in

start)

start

;;

stop)

stop

;;

reload)

reload

;;

restart)

stop

start

;;

status)

status $prog

RETVAL=$?

;;

*)

echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}"

exit 1

esac

exit $RETVAL

而后为此脚本赋予执行权限：

# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx

添加至服务管理列表，并让其开机自动启动：

# chkconfig --add nginx

# chkconfig nginx on

而后就可以启动服务并测试了：

# service nginx start

报错：

Starting nginx: nginx: [emerg] mkdir() "/var/tmp/nginx/client/" failed (2: No such file or directory)

[FAILED]

# mkdir -pv /var/tmp/nginx/client/

二、安装mysql-5.5.42

1、安装cmake编译工具及依赖软件

# yum install -y gcc-c++

# yum install -y cmake

# yum install -y git

# yum install -y readline-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel

# yum install -y bison

再次编译即通过

2、编译安装mysql-5.5.48

# tar xf mysql-5.5.48.tar.gz

# cd mysql-5.5.48

# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mydata -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_SSL=system -DWITH_ZLIB=system -DWITH_LIBWRAP=0
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci

3、创建Mysql用户

添加mysql用户指定组id和用户id为306

# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql

# useradd -g mysql -r -g 306 -s /sbin/nologin mysql

# id mysql

uid=994(mysql) gid=306(mysql) groups=306(mysql)

改变数据存储目录和安装目录的权限

# cd /usr/local/mysql

添加存放日志的目录

# mkdir /data/binlogs

# mkdir /data/mydata

# chown -R :mysql ./*

# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/

4、启动脚本初始化数据库

# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mydata

为mysql提供sysv服务脚本：

# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf

5、编辑/etc/my.cnf配置，加入以下内容

innodb_file_per_table = 1

datadir = /data/mydata

log-bin=/data/binlogs/mysql-bin

注意：

经过实际测试innodb_file_per_table = ON这条参数需要innodb_file_per_table = 1 才能生效，具体可以通过mysql> show variables like '%per_table%';来查询

并修改此文件中thread_concurrency的值为你的CPU个数乘以2，比如这里使用如下行：

thread_concurrency = 2

而后就可以启动服务测试使用了。

为了使用mysql的安装符合系统使用规范，并将其开发组件导出给系统使用，这里还需要进行如下步骤：

6、输出mysql的man手册至man命令的查找路径：

编辑/etc/man.config，添加如下行即可：

MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man

7、输出mysql的头文件至系统头文件路径/usr/include：

这可以通过简单的创建链接实现：

# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include /usr/include/mysql

8、输出mysql的库文件给系统库查找路径：

# echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf

而后让系统重新载入系统库：

# ldconfig

9、修改PATH环境变量，让系统可以直接使用mysql的相关命令

vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

加入

export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

三、编译安装php-5.2.17

1、解决依赖关系：

# yum -y groupinstall "Desktop Platform Development"

# yum install -y bzip2-devel libmcrypt-devel

# yum install -y libcurl-devel

# yum install -y libmcrypt-devel

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

* base: mirror.bit.edu.cn

* extras: centos.ustc.edu.cn

* updates: centos.ustc.edu.cn

Setting up Install Process

No package libmcrypt-devel available.

Error: Nothing to do

升级一下yum源，重新查找即可

# yum install -y epel-release

编译安装PHP 5.2.14所需的支持库：

# tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz

# cd libiconv-1.13.1/

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libiconv

# make

# make install

cd ../

2、解压编译

# tar xf php-5.2.17.tar.gz

# gzip -cd php-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.17 -p1

# cd php-5.2.17

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \

--with-config-file-path=/etc \

--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \

--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \

--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/libiconv \

--with-freetype-dir \

--with-jpeg-dir \

--with-png-dir \

--with-zlib \

--with-zlib-dir \

--with-libxml-dir=/usr \

--enable-xml \

--disable-rpath \

--enable-discard-path \

--enable-bcmath \

--enable-shmop \

--enable-sysvsem \

--enable-sysvshm \

--enable-inline-optimization \

--with-curl --with-curlwrappers \

--enable-mbregex \

--enable-fastcgi \

--enable-fpm \

--enable-force-cgi-redirect \

--enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt \

--with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf \

--with-openssl \

--with-mhash \

--enable-pcntl \

--enable-sockets \

--with-ldap \

--with-ldap-sasl \

--with-xmlrpc \

--enable-zip \

--enable-soap \

--with-bz2

合成一行

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/libiconv --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib
--with-zlib-dir --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex
--enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip
--enable-soap --with-bz2

说明：如果前面第1步解决依赖关系时安装mcrypt相关的两个rpm包，此./configure命令还可以带上--with-mcrypt选项以让php支持mycrpt扩展。--with-snmp选项则用于实现php的SNMP扩展，但此功能要求提前安装net-snmp相关软件包。

配置参数说明：

--prefix=[path]: 设定安装路径

--disable-debug: 编译时禁止加入调试符号

--enable-shmop: 启用shmop模块。Shmop is an easy to use set of functions that allows PHP to read, write, create and delete Unix shared memory segments.

--with-gd: 增加GD库的支持。GD库，是php处理图形的扩展库。

--with-jpeg-dir=[DIR]: GD库中jpeg lib的安装路径的prefix

'--with-png-dir=/usr/lib64' '--with-libxml-dir=/usr/lib64' '--with-zlib-dir=/usr/lib64': 与--with-jpeg-dir类似

--with-mysqli=FILE: 包含mysqli的支持。如果DIR取值为mysqlnd，则 the MySQL native driver will be used mysql_config

--with-mysql=DIR: 包含mysql的支持。如果DIR取值为mysqlnd，则 the MySQL native driver will be used /usr/local

--with-pdo-mysql=DIR: 支持PDO Mysql扩展模块。PDO扩展为PHP访问数据库定义了一个轻量级的、一致性的接口，它提供了一个数据访问抽象层，这样，无论使用什么数据库，都可以通过一致的函数执行查询和获取数据。如果DIR取值为mysqlnd，则 the MySQL native driver will be used /usr/local

--enable-sockets: 增加socket支持

--with-iconv-dir=DIR: 激活iconv，iconv是默认激活的，会到默认路径中区搜索。iconv函数库能够完成各种字符集间的转换，是php编程中不可缺少的基础函数库。

--enable-mbstring: Enable multibyte string support

--enable-mbregex：该选项默认开启。 MBSTRING: enable multibyte regex(正则表达式) support

--enable-ftp: Enable FTP support

--enable-gd-native-ttf: GD: Enable TrueType string function （ttf: TrueType string）

--with-curl=[DIR]: Include cURL support

--enable-fpm: Enable building of the fpm SAPI executable (非常重要的一个选项，用来开启FPM的支持)

--enable-pcntl: Enable pcntl support (CLI/CGI only) (php进程控制扩展)

--enable-sysvmsg: Enable sysvmsg support. 即System V消息队列

--enable-sysvsem: Enable sysvsem support. 即System V信号量

-enable-sysvshm: Enable sysvshm support. 即System V共享内存

php中对共享内存段的操作有两组函数：System V IPC和Shared Memory。其中System V IPC系列函数能够更方便的操作数据，无需像Shared Memory那样必须自己掌握读写时的偏移量、长度等，也不用序列化/反序列化来回转换（因为Shared Memory函数只支持字符串格式的数据参数）。但是System V IPC系列不支持Windows，所以如果要在win环境下使用，只能选Shared Memory。

'--enable-zip': Include Zip read/write support

--with-freetype-dir=DIR: GD库相关。 GD: Set the path to FreeType 2 install prefix

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

报错1：

configure: error: libjpeg.(a|so) not found.

configure: error: libpng.(a|so) not found.

处理：

# ln -s /usr/lib64/libjpeg.so /usr/lib/

# ln -s /usr/lib64/libpng.so /usr/lib/

报错2：

configure: error: Cannot find ldap libraries in /usr/lib.:

# rpm -qa | grep ldap

python-ldap-2.3.10-1.el6.x86_64

openldap-2.4.40-7.el6_7.x86_64

openldap-devel-2.4.40-7.el6_7.x86_64

处理

# cp -frp /usr/lib64/libldap* /usr/lib/

configure: error: Please reinstall libmhash - I cannot find mhash.h

# yum list all | grep mhash

mhash.i686 0.9.9.9-3.el6 epel

mhash.x86_64 0.9.9.9-3.el6 epel

mhash-devel.i686 0.9.9.9-3.el6 epel

mhash-devel.x86_64 0.9.9.9-3.el6 epel

# yum install -y mhash-devel

报错3：

/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lltdl

collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

make: *** [sapi/cgi/php-cgi] Error 1

# yum install -y *ltdl*

安装libtool-ltdl-devel

报错4：

error while loading shared libraries: libiconv.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

解决办法如下：

1.在/etc/ld.so.conf中加一行/usr/local/lib，

2.然后运行/sbin/ldconfig，文件解决，没有报错

报错5：

ext/iconv/iconv.o: In function `_php_iconv_strpos':

/root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:851: undefined reference to `libiconv_open'

/root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:879: undefined reference to `libiconv'

/root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:993: undefined reference to `libiconv_close'

ext/iconv/iconv.o: In function `_php_iconv_mime_encode':

/root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1043: undefined reference to `libiconv_open'

/root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1057: undefined reference to `libiconv_open'

/root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1176: undefined reference to `libiconv'

/root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1128: undefined reference to `libiconv'

/root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1160: undefined reference to `libiconv'

/root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1319: undefined reference to `libiconv_close'

/root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1228: undefined reference to `libiconv'

/root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1259: undefined reference to `libiconv'

/root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1316: undefined reference to `libiconv_close'

/root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1303: undefined reference to `libiconv'

ext/iconv/iconv.o: In function `php_iconv_stream_filter_dtor':

/root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:2465: undefined reference to `libiconv_close'

ext/iconv/iconv.o: In function `php_iconv_stream_filter_append_bucket':

/root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:2616: undefined reference to `libiconv'

/root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:2615: undefined reference to `libiconv'

/root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:2537: undefined reference to `libiconv'

ext/iconv/iconv.o: In function `php_iconv_stream_filter_ctor':

/root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:2491: undefined reference to `libiconv_open'

ext/xmlrpc/libxmlrpc/encodings.o: In function `convert':

/root/php-5.2.17/ext/xmlrpc/libxmlrpc/encodings.c:73: undefined reference to `libiconv_open'

/root/php-5.2.17/ext/xmlrpc/libxmlrpc/encodings.c:81: undefined reference to `libiconv'

/root/php-5.2.17/ext/xmlrpc/libxmlrpc/encodings.c:101: undefined reference to `libiconv_close'

collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

make: *** [sapi/cgi/php-cgi] Error 1

# make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'

重新编译的时候需要

# make clean

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# make

报错：

collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

make: *** [sapi/cgi/php-cgi] Error 1

通过make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'命令即可

# make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'

# make test

# make install

为php提供配置文件：

# cp php.ini-dist /etc/php.ini

为php-fpm提供Sysv init脚本，并将其添加至服务列表：

# cp /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm

编辑 /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm

在#!/bin/bash下面添加两行

#chkconfig:345 62 62

#description:php-fpm

# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm

开机启动

# chkconfig --add php-fpm

# chkconfig php-fpm on

编辑/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

1、使用nginx用户

把下面两行的注释去掉

Unix user of processes

<value name="user">nginx</value>

Unix group of processes

<value name="group">nginx</value>

2、对fpm参数做调整，并启用pid文件（如下最后一行）：

<value name="max_children">150</value>

<value name="StartServers">20</value>

<value name="MinSpareServers">5</value>

<value name="MaxSpareServers">35</value>

接下来就可以启动php-fpm了：

# service php-fpm start

使用如下命令来验正（如果此命令输出有中几个php-fpm进程就说明启动成功了）：

# ps aux | grep php-fpm

四、整合nginx和php

创建Nginx日志目录

# mkdir -p /web/logs

# mkdir -p /web/htdocs

赋权限

# chown -R nginx:nginx /web/

1、编辑/etc/nginx/nginx.conf，启用如下选项：

user nginx nginx;

worker_processes 8;

error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;

pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;

events {

worker_connections 1024;

}

http {

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

sendfile on;

keepalive_timeout 65;

server {

listen 80;

server_name localhost;

index index.html index.php;

access_log /var/log/nginx/host.access.log;

location / {

root /web/htdocs;

}

error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

location = /50x.html {

root html;

}

location ~ \.php$ {

root /web/htdocs;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

include fastcgi_params;

}

}

}

并在所支持的主页面格式中添加php格式的主页，类似如下：

location / {

root /web/htdocs;

index index.php index.html index.htm;

}

而后重新载入nginx的配置文件：

# service nginx reload

3、在/usr/html新建index.php的测试页面，测试php是否能正常工作：

# vim /web/htdocs/index.php

<?php

phpinfo();

?>

接着就可以通过浏览器访问此测试页面了。

五、安装xcache，为php加速：

1、安装

# tar xf xcache-3.2.0.tar.gz

# cd xcache-3.2.0

# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize

Configuring for:

PHP Api Version: 20041225

Zend Module Api No: 20060613

Zend Extension Api No: 220060519

# ./configure --enable-xcache --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

# make && make install

安装结束时，会出现类似如下行：

Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/

2、编辑php.ini，整合php和xcache：

首先将xcache提供的样例配置导入php.ini

# mkdir /etc/php.d

# cp xcache.ini /etc/php.d

说明：xcache.ini文件在xcache的源码目录中。

接下来编辑/etc/php.d/xcache.ini，找到extension开头的行，修改为如下行：

extension = /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/xcache.so

3、创建xcache缓存文件

touch /tmp/xcache #创建文件

chmod 777 /tmp/xcache #设置权限

4、创建xcache管理员密码为123456

echo -n "123456" | md5sum #记住类似下面一行代码（md5加密之后的密码），后面会用到

e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e

5、配置php支持xcache

vi /etc/php.ini #编辑配置文件，在最后一行添加以下内容

[xcache-common]

extension = /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/xcache.so

[xcache.admin]

xcache.admin.enable_auth = On

xcache.admin.user = "xcache"

xcache.admin.pass = "e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e"

[xcache]

xcache.shm_scheme ="mmap"

xcache.size=60M

xcache.count =1

xcache.slots =8K

xcache.ttl=0

xcache.gc_interval =0

xcache.var_size=64M

xcache.var_count =1

xcache.var_slots =8K

xcache.var_ttl=0

xcache.var_maxttl=0

xcache.var_gc_interval =300

xcache.test =Off

xcache.readonly_protection = On

xcache.mmap_path ="/tmp/xcache"

xcache.coredump_directory =""

xcache.cacher =On

xcache.stat=On

xcache.optimizer =Off

[xcache.coverager]

xcache.coverager =On

xcache.coveragedump_directory =""

6、重新启动php-fpm

# service php-fpm restart

通过phpinfo()函数看是否启用了xcache

六、安装加速器Zendoptimizer

# tar xf ZendOptimizer-3.3.9-linux-glibc23-x86_64.tar.gz

# cd ZendOptimizer-3.3.9-linux-glibc23-x86_64

进入data文件夹后，在此进入你php对应的版本目录（so文件是对应版本的，要看好PHP版本再安装）

# cd data

# ls

4_2_0_comp 4_2_x_comp 4_3_x_comp 4_4_x_comp 5_0_x_comp 5_1_x_comp 5_2_x_comp poweredbyoptimizer.gif

# mkdir /usr/local/zend

# cp 5_2_x_comp/ZendOptimizer.so /usr/local/zend/

配置Zend optimizer

vi /etc/php.ini #编辑文件

在最后位置添加以下内容

[Zend Optimizer]

zend_optimizer.optimization_level=15

zend_extension="/usr/local/zend/ZendOptimizer.so"

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