一、简介
1974年，法国工程师J.Morlet首先提出小波变换的概念，1986年著名数学家Y.Meyer偶然构造出一个真正的小波基，并与S.Mallat合作建立了构造小波基的多尺度分析之后，小波分析才开始蓬勃发展起来。小波分析的应用领域十分广泛，在数学方面，它已用于数值分析、构造快速数值方法、曲线曲面构造、微分方程求解、控制论等。在信号分析方面的滤波、去噪声、压缩、传递等。在图像处理方面的图像压缩、分类、识别与诊断，去噪声等。本章将着重阐述小波在图像中的应用分析。
1 小波变换原理
小波分析是一个比较难的分支，用户采用小波变换，可以实现图像压缩，振动信号的分解与重构等，因此在实际工程上应用较广泛。小波分析与Fourier变换相比，小波变换是空间域和频率域的局部变换，因而能有效地从信号中提取信息。小波变换通过伸缩和平移等基本运算，实现对信号的多尺度分解与重构，从而很大程度上解决了Fourier变换带来的很多难题。
小波分析作一个新的数学分支，它是泛函分析、Fourier分析、数值分析的完美结晶；小波分析也是一种“时间—尺度”分析和多分辨分析的新技术，它在信号分析、语音合成、图像压缩与识别、大气与海洋波分析等方面的研究，都有广泛的应用。
（1）小波分析用于信号与图像压缩。小波压缩的特点是压缩比高，压缩速度快，压缩后能保持信号与图像的特征不变，且在传递中能够抗干扰。基于小波分析的压缩方法很多，具体有小波压缩，小波包压缩，小波变换向量压缩等。
（2）小波也可以用于信号的滤波去噪、信号的时频分析、信噪分离与提取弱信号、求分形指数、信号的识别与诊断以及多尺度边缘检测等。
（3）小波分析在工程技术等方面的应用概括的包括计算机视觉、曲线设计、湍流、远程宇宙的研究与生物医学方面。
2 多尺度分析
3 图像的分解和量化
4 图像压缩编码
5 图像编码评价
二、源代码
function varargout = imageprocess(varargin)
% IMAGEPROCESS MATLAB code for imageprocess.fig
% IMAGEPROCESS, by itself, creates a new IMAGEPROCESS or raises the existing
% singleton*.
%
% H = IMAGEPROCESS returns the handle to a new IMAGEPROCESS or the handle to
% the existing singleton*.
%
% IMAGEPROCESS('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
% function named CALLBACK in IMAGEPROCESS.M with the given input arguments.
%
% IMAGEPROCESS('Property','Value',...) creates a new IMAGEPROCESS or raises the
% existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are
% applied to the GUI before imageprocess_OpeningFcn gets called. An
% unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
% stop. All inputs are passed to imageprocess_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
% *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one
% instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES
% Edit the above text to modify the response to help imageprocess
% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 21-Apr-2015 22:09:41
% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, ...
'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, ...
'gui_OpeningFcn', @imageprocess_OpeningFcn, ...
'gui_OutputFcn', @imageprocess_OutputFcn, ...
'gui_LayoutFcn', [] , ...
'gui_Callback', []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end
if nargout
[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
else
gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
% --- Executes just before imageprocess is made visible.
function imageprocess_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject handle to figure
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin command line arguments to imageprocess (see VARARGIN)
% Choose default command line output for imageprocess
handles.output = hObject;
% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);
% UIWAIT makes imageprocess wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);
% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = imageprocess_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject handle to figure
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.
function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
global im1
[filename, pathname]=uigetfile({'*.*';'*.bmp';'*.jpg';'*.tif';'*.jpg';'*.png'},'打开图片');
str1=[pathname filename];
im1=imread(str1);
axes(handles.axes1);
imshow(im1);
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.
function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
global im2
[filename, pathname]=uigetfile({'*.*';'*.bmp';'*.jpg';'*.tif';'*.jpg';'*.png'},'打开图片');
str1=[pathname filename];
im2=imread(str1);
axes(handles.axes2);
imshow(im2);
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton7.
function pushbutton7_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton7 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
close(gcf);
% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function axes3_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to axes3 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called
% Hint: place code in OpeningFcn to populate axes3
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton3.
function pushbutton11_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% --- Executes when selected object is changed in uipanel2.
% --- Executes when selected object is changed in uipanel3.
function uipanel3_SelectionChangeFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to the selected object in uipanel3
% eventdata structure with the following fields (see UIBUTTONGROUP)
% EventName: string 'SelectionChanged' (read only)
% OldValue: handle of the previously selected object or empty if none was selected
% NewValue: handle of the currently selected object
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function Untitled_1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to Untitled_1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function Untitled_3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to Untitled_3 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function Untitled_13_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to Untitled_13 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function Untitled_27_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to Untitled_27 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function Untitled_28_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to Untitled_28 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
global im1
global im2
im11 = double(im1)/255;
im22 = double(im2)/255;
%普拉斯金塔变换参数
mp = 3;zt =4; cf =1;ar = 1; cc = [cf ar];
Y_lap = fuse_lap(im11,im22,zt,cc,mp);
axes(handles.axes4);
imshow(Y_lap);
% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function Untitled_29_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to Untitled_29 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function Untitled_14_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to Untitled_14 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
im=handles.img;
se=strel('disk',4);
im3=imerode(im,se);
axes(handles.axes3);
imshow(im3);
handles.img=im3;
guidata(hObject,handles);
三、运行结果
四、备注
完整代码或者代写添加QQ 1564658423