CCNA培训课总结笔记--路由器基本配置(二)

实验拓扑图:
CCNA培训课总结笔记--路由器基本配置(二)
 
实验内容:
如何进入路由器的三种模式:
⑴用户模式:
接通路由器后首先进入的就是用户模式了.
Router>
Router>?
Exec commands:
  access-enable    Create a temporary Access-List entry
  access-profile   Apply user-profile to interface
  clear            Reset functions
  connect          Open a terminal connection
  disable          Turn off privileged commands
  disconnect       Disconnect an existing network connection
  enable           Turn on privileged commands
  exit             Exit from the EXEC
  help             Description of the interactive help system
  lat              Open a lat connection
  lock             Lock the terminal
  login            Log in as a particular user
  logout           Exit from the EXEC
  modemui          Start a modem-like user interface
  mrinfo           Request neighbor and version information from a multicast
                   router
  mstat            Show statistics after multiple multicast traceroutes
  mtrace           Trace reverse multicast path from destination to source
  name-connection  Name an existing network connection
  pad              Open a X.29 PAD connection
  ping             Send echo messages
  ppp              Start IETF Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)
  resume           Resume an active network connection
  rlogin           Open an rlogin connection
  show             Show running system information
  slip             Start Serial-line IP (SLIP)
  systat           Display information about terminal lines
  tclquit          Quit Tool Command Language shell
  telnet           Open a telnet connection
  terminal         Set terminal line parameters
  tn3270           Open a tn3270 connection
  traceroute       Trace route to destination
  tunnel           Open a tunnel connection
  udptn            Open an udptn connection
  where            List active connections
  x28              Become an X.28 PAD
  x3               Set X.3 parameters on PAD
⑵特权模式:
 Router>enable        
Router#?
Exec commands:
  access-enable    Create a temporary Access-List entry
  access-profile   Apply user-profile to interface
  access-template  Create a temporary Access-List entry
  alps             ALPS exec commands
  archive          manage archive files
  audio-prompt     load ivr prompt
  auto             Exec level Automation
  bfe              For manual emergency modes setting
  call             Reload IVR call application, accounting template
  ccm-manager      Call Manager Application exec commands
  cd               Change current directory
  clear            Reset functions
  clock            Manage the system clock
  cns              CNS agents
  configure        Enter configuration mode
  connect          Open a terminal connection
  copy             Copy from one file to another
  debug            Debugging functions (see also 'undebug')
  delete           Delete a file
  dir              List files on a filesystem
  disable          Turn off privileged commands
  disconnect       Disconnect an existing network connection
  enable           Turn on privileged commands
  erase            Erase a filesystem
  exit             Exit from the EXEC
  help             Description of the interactive help system
  isdn             Run an ISDN EXEC command on an ISDN interface
  lat              Open a lat connection
  lock             Lock the terminal
  login            Log in as a particular user
  logout           Exit from the EXEC
  microcode        microcode commands
  modemui          Start a modem-like user interface
  monitor          Monitoring different system events
  more             Display the contents of a file
  mpls             MPLS commands
  mpoa             MPOA exec commands
  mrinfo           Request neighbor and version information from a multicast
                   router
  mrm              IP Multicast Routing Monitor Test
  mstat            Show statistics after multiple multicast traceroutes
  mtrace           Trace reverse multicast path from destination to source
  name-connection  Name an existing network connection
  ncia             Start/Stop NCIA Server
  no               Disable debugging functions
  pad              Open a X.29 PAD connection
  ping             Send echo messages
  ppp              Start IETF Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)
  pwd              Display current working directory
  reload           Halt and perform a cold restart
  rename           Rename a file
  restart          Restart Connection
  resume           Resume an active network connection
  rlogin           Open an rlogin connection
  rsh              Execute a remote command
  sdlc             Send SDLC test frames
  send             Send a message to other tty lines
  setup            Run the SETUP command facility
  show             Show running system information
  slip             Start Serial-line IP (SLIP)
  squeeze          Squeeze a filesystem
  start-chat       Start a chat-script on a line
  systat           Display information about terminal lines
  tarp             TARP (Target ID Resolution Protocol) commands
  tbct             configure TBCT related parameters
  tclquit          Quit Tool Command Language shell
  tclsh            Tool Command Language shell
  telnet           Open a telnet connection
  terminal         Set terminal line parameters
  test             Test subsystems, memory, and interfaces
  tn3270           Open a tn3270 connection
  traceroute       Trace route to destination
  tunnel           Open a tunnel connection
  udptn            Open an udptn connection
  undebug          Disable debugging functions (see also 'debug')
  upgrade          Upgrade software
  verify           Verify a file
  vlan             Configure VLAN parameters
  voice            Voice Commands
  where            List active connections
  which-route      Do OSI route table lookup and display results
  write            Write running configuration to memory, network, or terminal
  x28              Become an X.28 PAD
  x3               Set X.3 parameters on PAD
⑶配置模式:
Router#config terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
⑷其它模式:
接口模式:
Router(config)#interface s1
% Incomplete command.
(因为路由器有每个槽,而每个槽里面又分开有接口,所以这里的接口应该写为s1/0)
Router(config)#interface s1/0
定义路由器的名称为R1
Router(config-if)#hostname R1
R1(config)#
给路由器设置特权密码
R1(config)#enable password cisco   (定义的是明文密码cisco)
R1(config)#enable secret ming   (定义的是密文密码ming)
启用控制台密码
R1(config)#line console 0
R1(config-line)#password cisco
R1(config-line)#login
设置telnet访问启用密码
R1(config)#line vty 0 4
R1(config-line)#password cisco
R1(config-line)#login
注意:执行telent一定要设置enable密码和telnet密码才可以实现采用telnet登陆路由器
拒绝执行DNS解析
R1(config)#no ip domain-lookup
注意:当我们一不小心输入错误的命令的时候,路由器会认为这条命令没有错,把它当作是一个域名的形式,从而会给你解析.这样会浪费一些时间.
配置路由器,使控制台端口不会中止与电脑的连接
R1(config)#line console 0
R1(config-line)#exec-timeout 0
注意:如果长时间不去操作路由器,路由器会自动终止与电脑的对话连接,跳转到非连接状态.我们需要重新输入密码进行设置,在一定意义上增加了安全性,但也很不方便.
配置路由器,使路由器发送的控制台屏幕的消息不会附加到命令行中
R1(config-line)#logging synchronous
配置路由器,使路由器登陆控制台端口时显示一个标题
R1(config)#banner motd #
Enter TEXT message.  End with the character '#'.
hello
#
R1(config)#
给路由器的各个接口配置IP地址
R1(config)#interface s1/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#clock  rate 64000
R1(config-if)#no shut
R1(config-if)#
*Mar  1 00:55:10.203: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial1/0, changed state to up
*Mar  1 00:55:11.203: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1/0, changed state to up
R1(config-if)#interface e0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255
*Mar  1 00:55:33.715: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1/0, changed state to down
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
% 192.168.1.0 overlaps with Serial1/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shut
查看配置的结果
R1(config)#^Z
R1#show ru
*Mar  1 00:57:05.519: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R1#show run
Building configuration...
 
Current configuration : 907 bytes
!
version 12.3
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R1
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
enable password cisco
!
no aaa new-model
ip subnet-zero
!
!
no ip domain lookup
!
ip cef
!
!        
!        
!        
!         !
!
!
!
interface Ethernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
 half-duplex
!
interface Serial1/0
 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
 serial restart-delay 0
 clock rate 64000
!
interface Serial1/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
 serial restart-delay 0
!        
interface Serial1/2
 no ip address
 shutdown
 serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial1/3
 no ip address
 shutdown
 serial restart-delay 0
!
ip http server
ip classless
!
!
!
!
!
!
gatekeeper
 shutdown
!
banner motd ^C
hello
^C
!
line con 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 password cisco
 logging synchronous
 login
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
 password cisco
 login
!
!
End
查看路由器各端口状态
R1#show ip interface brief
Interface                  IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol
Ethernet0/0                192.168.2.1     YES manual up                    up     
Serial1/0                  192.168.1.1     YES manual up                    down   
Serial1/1                  unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down   
Serial1/2                  unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down   
Serial1/3                  unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down   
R1#


本文转自 独钩寒江雪 51CTO博客,原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/bennie/96649,如需转载请自行联系原作者
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