1.加入权限
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion=""
android:targetSdkVersion=""/>
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.bluetooth_le" android:required="true"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"/>
2.蓝牙服务
/*
* Copyright (C) 2013 The Android Open Source Project
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/ package myapplication.com.myappforble.activity; import android.app.Service;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log; import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID; /**
* Service for managing connection and data communication with a GATT server hosted on a
* given Bluetooth LE device.
*/
public class BluetoothLeService extends Service {
private final static String TAG = BluetoothLeService.class.getSimpleName(); private BluetoothManager mBluetoothManager;
private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
private BluetoothGatt mBluetoothGatt; public final static String ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED =
"com.example.bluetooth.le.ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED";
public final static String ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED =
"com.example.bluetooth.le.ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED";
public final static String ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED =
"com.example.bluetooth.le.ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED";
public final static String ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE =
"com.example.bluetooth.le.ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE";
public final static String EXTRA_DATA =
"com.example.bluetooth.le.EXTRA_DATA"; public final static UUID UUID_NOTIFY =
UUID.fromString("0000ffe1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb");
public final static UUID UUID_SERVICE =
UUID.fromString("0000ffe0-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"); public BluetoothGattCharacteristic mNotifyCharacteristic; public void WriteValue(String strValue)
{
mNotifyCharacteristic.setValue(strValue.getBytes());
mBluetoothGatt.writeCharacteristic(mNotifyCharacteristic);
} public void findService(List<BluetoothGattService> gattServices)
{
Log.i(TAG, "Count is:" + gattServices.size());
for (BluetoothGattService gattService : gattServices)
{
Log.i(TAG, gattService.getUuid().toString());
Log.i(TAG, UUID_SERVICE.toString());
if(gattService.getUuid().toString().equalsIgnoreCase(UUID_SERVICE.toString()))
{
List<BluetoothGattCharacteristic> gattCharacteristics =
gattService.getCharacteristics();
Log.i(TAG, "Count is:" + gattCharacteristics.size());
for (BluetoothGattCharacteristic gattCharacteristic :
gattCharacteristics)
{
if(gattCharacteristic.getUuid().toString().equalsIgnoreCase(UUID_NOTIFY.toString()))
{
Log.i(TAG, gattCharacteristic.getUuid().toString());
Log.i(TAG, UUID_NOTIFY.toString());
mNotifyCharacteristic = gattCharacteristic;
setCharacteristicNotification(gattCharacteristic, true);
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED);
return;
}
}
}
}
} // Implements callback methods for GATT events that the app cares about. For example,
// connection change and services discovered.
private final BluetoothGattCallback mGattCallback = new BluetoothGattCallback() {
@Override
public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status, int newState) {
String intentAction;
Log.i(TAG, "oldStatus=" + status + " NewStates=" + newState);
if(status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS)
{ if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) {
intentAction = ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED; broadcastUpdate(intentAction);
Log.i(TAG, "Connected to GATT server.");
// Attempts to discover services after successful connection.
Log.i(TAG, "Attempting to start service discovery:" +
mBluetoothGatt.discoverServices());
} else if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED) {
intentAction = ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED;
mBluetoothGatt.close();
mBluetoothGatt = null;
Log.i(TAG, "Disconnected from GATT server.");
broadcastUpdate(intentAction);
}
}
} @Override
public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
Log.w(TAG, "onServicesDiscovered received: " + status);
findService(gatt.getServices());
} else {
if(mBluetoothGatt.getDevice().getUuids() == null)
Log.w(TAG, "onServicesDiscovered received: " + status);
}
} @Override
public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt,
BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic,
int status) {
if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic);
}
} @Override
public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt,
BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic);
Log.e(TAG, "OnCharacteristicWrite");
} @Override
public void onCharacteristicWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic,
int status)
{
Log.e(TAG, "OnCharacteristicWrite");
} @Override
public void onDescriptorRead(BluetoothGatt gatt,
BluetoothGattDescriptor bd,
int status) {
Log.e(TAG, "onDescriptorRead");
} @Override
public void onDescriptorWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt,
BluetoothGattDescriptor bd,
int status) {
Log.e(TAG, "onDescriptorWrite");
} @Override
public void onReadRemoteRssi(BluetoothGatt gatt, int a, int b)
{
Log.e(TAG, "onReadRemoteRssi");
} @Override
public void onReliableWriteCompleted(BluetoothGatt gatt, int a)
{
Log.e(TAG, "onReliableWriteCompleted");
} }; private void broadcastUpdate(final String action) {
final Intent intent = new Intent(action);
sendBroadcast(intent);
} private void broadcastUpdate(final String action,
final BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
final Intent intent = new Intent(action); // This is special handling for the Heart Rate Measurement profile. Data parsing is
// carried out as per profile specifications:
// http://developer.bluetooth.org/gatt/characteristics/Pages/CharacteristicViewer.aspx?u=org.bluetooth.characteristic.heart_rate_measurement.xml
// For all other profiles, writes the data formatted in HEX.
final byte[] data = characteristic.getValue();
if (data != null && data.length > 0) {
//final StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(data.length);
//for(byte byteChar : data)
// stringBuilder.append(String.format("%02X ", byteChar));
//intent.putExtra(EXTRA_DATA, new String(data) + "\n" + stringBuilder.toString());
intent.putExtra(EXTRA_DATA, new String(data));
}
sendBroadcast(intent);
} public class LocalBinder extends Binder {
public BluetoothLeService getService() {
return BluetoothLeService.this;
}
} @Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return mBinder;
} @Override
public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {
// After using a given device, you should make sure that BluetoothGatt.close() is called
// such that resources are cleaned up properly. In this particular example, close() is
// invoked when the UI is disconnected from the Service.
close();
return super.onUnbind(intent);
} private final IBinder mBinder = new LocalBinder(); /**
* Initializes a reference to the local Bluetooth adapter.
*
* @return Return true if the initialization is successful.
*/
public boolean initialize() {
// For API level 18 and above, get a reference to BluetoothAdapter through
// BluetoothManager.
if (mBluetoothManager == null) {
mBluetoothManager = (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
if (mBluetoothManager == null) {
Log.e(TAG, "Unable to initialize BluetoothManager.");
return false;
}
} mBluetoothAdapter = mBluetoothManager.getAdapter();
if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) {
Log.e(TAG, "Unable to obtain a BluetoothAdapter.");
return false;
} return true;
} /**
* Connects to the GATT server hosted on the Bluetooth LE device.
*
* @param address The device address of the destination device.
*
* @return Return true if the connection is initiated successfully. The connection result
* is reported asynchronously through the
* {@code BluetoothGattCallback#onConnectionStateChange(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, int, int)}
* callback.
*/
public boolean connect(final String address) {
if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || address == null) {
Log.w(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter not initialized or unspecified address.");
return false;
}
/*
// Previously connected device. Try to reconnect.
if (mBluetoothDeviceAddress != null && address.equals(mBluetoothDeviceAddress)
&& mBluetoothGatt != null) {
Log.d(TAG, "Trying to use an existing mBluetoothGatt for connection.");
if (mBluetoothGatt.connect()) {
mConnectionState = STATE_CONNECTING;
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
*/
BluetoothDevice device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address);
if (device == null) {
Log.w(TAG, "Device not found. Unable to connect.");
return false;
}
// We want to directly connect to the device, so we are setting the autoConnect
// parameter to false.
if(mBluetoothGatt != null)
{
mBluetoothGatt.close();
mBluetoothGatt = null;
}
mBluetoothGatt = device.connectGatt(this, false, mGattCallback);
//mBluetoothGatt.connect(); Log.d(TAG, "Trying to create a new connection.");
return true;
} /**
* Disconnects an existing connection or cancel a pending connection. The disconnection result
* is reported asynchronously through the
* {@code BluetoothGattCallback#onConnectionStateChange(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, int, int)}
* callback.
*/
public void disconnect() {
if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || mBluetoothGatt == null) {
Log.w(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter not initialized");
return;
}
mBluetoothGatt.disconnect();
} /**
* After using a given BLE device, the app must call this method to ensure resources are
* released properly.
*/
public void close() {
if (mBluetoothGatt == null) {
return;
}
mBluetoothGatt.close();
mBluetoothGatt = null;
} /**
* Request a read on a given {@code BluetoothGattCharacteristic}. The read result is reported
* asynchronously through the {@code BluetoothGattCallback#onCharacteristicRead(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic, int)}
* callback.
*
* @param characteristic The characteristic to read from.
*/
public void readCharacteristic(BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || mBluetoothGatt == null) {
Log.w(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter not initialized");
return;
}
mBluetoothGatt.readCharacteristic(characteristic);
} /**
* Enables or disables notification on a give characteristic.
*
* @param characteristic Characteristic to act on.
* @param enabled If true, enable notification. False otherwise.
*/
public void setCharacteristicNotification(BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic,
boolean enabled) {
if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || mBluetoothGatt == null) {
Log.w(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter not initialized");
return;
}
mBluetoothGatt.setCharacteristicNotification(characteristic, enabled);
/*
// This is specific to Heart Rate Measurement.
if (UUID_HEART_RATE_MEASUREMENT.equals(characteristic.getUuid())) {
BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor = characteristic.getDescriptor(
UUID.fromString(SampleGattAttributes.CLIENT_CHARACTERISTIC_CONFIG));
descriptor.setValue(BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE);
mBluetoothGatt.writeDescriptor(descriptor);
}
*/
} /**
* Retrieves a list of supported GATT services on the connected device. This should be
* invoked only after {@code BluetoothGatt#discoverServices()} completes successfully.
*
* @return A {@code List} of supported services.
*/
public List<BluetoothGattService> getSupportedGattServices() {
if (mBluetoothGatt == null) return null; return mBluetoothGatt.getServices();
}
}
3.连接通讯
package myapplication.com.myappforble; import android.app.Activity;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ScrollView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast; import myapplication.com.myappforble.activity.BluetoothLeService; public class MainActivity extends Activity { TextView textView_show;
private boolean mConnected = false;
Button button_send,button_lianjie;
private String mDeviceName;
private String mDeviceAddress;
private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
private BluetoothLeService mBluetoothLeService; /**
*
* */ private final ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() { @Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder service) {
mBluetoothLeService = ((BluetoothLeService.LocalBinder) service).getService();
if (!mBluetoothLeService.initialize()) {
Log.e(TAG, "Unable to initialize Bluetooth");
finish();
} Log.e(TAG, "mBluetoothLeService is okay");
// Automatically connects to the device upon successful start-up initialization.
//mBluetoothLeService.connect(mDeviceAddress);
} @Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) {
mBluetoothLeService = null;
}
}; /***
*
* */
private final BroadcastReceiver mGattUpdateReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() { @Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
final String action = intent.getAction();
if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED.equals(action)) {
Log.e(TAG, "Only gatt, just wait");
} else if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED.equals(action)) {
mConnected = false;
invalidateOptionsMenu();
button_send.setEnabled(false);
}else if(BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED.equals(action))
{
mConnected = true;
button_send.setEnabled(true);
ShowDialog();
Log.e(TAG, "In what we need");
invalidateOptionsMenu();
}else if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE.equals(action)) {
Log.e(TAG, "RECV DATA");
String data = intent.getStringExtra(BluetoothLeService.EXTRA_DATA);
if (data != null) {
// 接受的数据
if (textView_show.getText().toString().length() <500)
textView_show.append(data); }
}
}
}; @Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
init();
mDeviceName = "NDCT-T0001"; //这里是蓝牙的名称
mDeviceAddress = "04:A3:16:A6:FE:FE"; // 蓝牙地址 Intent gattServiceIntent = new Intent(this, BluetoothLeService.class);
Log.d(TAG, "Try to bindService=" + bindService(gattServiceIntent, mServiceConnection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE)); registerReceiver(mGattUpdateReceiver, makeGattUpdateIntentFilter()); } public void init(){
textView_show= (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView_show);
button_lianjie= (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_lianjian);
button_send= (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_send);
// 连接蓝牙
button_lianjie.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
mBluetoothLeService.connect(mDeviceAddress);
}
}); /**
* 发送
* */
button_send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if(!mConnected) return; mBluetoothLeService.WriteValue("12345678"); InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
}
}); } private void ShowDialog()
{
Toast.makeText(this, "开始通讯吧", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
private static IntentFilter makeGattUpdateIntentFilter() {
final IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED);
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED);
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED);
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothLeService.ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE);
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_UUID);
return intentFilter;
} @Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
/*registerReceiver(mGattUpdateReceiver, makeGattUpdateIntentFilter());
if (mBluetoothLeService != null) {
final boolean result = mBluetoothLeService.connect(mDeviceAddress);
Log.d(TAG, "Connect request result=" + result);
}*/
} @Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
unregisterReceiver(mGattUpdateReceiver);
unbindService(mServiceConnection);
} @Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
//this.unregisterReceiver(mGattUpdateReceiver);
//unbindService(mServiceConnection);
if(mBluetoothLeService != null)
{
mBluetoothLeService.close();
mBluetoothLeService = null;
}
Log.d(TAG, "We are in destroy");
}
}
4.主布局2个按钮，一个textView
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="@+id/activity_main"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context="myapplication.com.myappforble.MainActivity"> <TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:text=""
android:id="@+id/textView_show"
android:textColor="@color/hei"/>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_marginLeft="20dp"
android:layout_marginTop="40dp"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="40dp"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<Button
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:text="连接"
android:textColor="@color/hei"
android:id="@+id/button_lianjian" /> <Button
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:text="发送"
android:id="@+id/button_send"
android:textColor="@color/hei"
android:layout_marginStart="43dp"
/> </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
实现效果图：发送的数据写死了，可以修改。
<压缩包:蓝牙4.0连接通讯(不含搜索)>
http://pan.baidu.com/share/link?shareid=3842796160&uk=3608711668