目标URL: http://category.dangdang.com/cp01.01.04.00.00.00.html

item.py

# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html

import scrapy


class DangdangItem(scrapy.Item):
    # define the fields for your item here like:
    # name = scrapy.Field()
    src = scrapy.Field()
    name = scrapy.Field()
    price = scrapy.Field()

dang.py

import scrapy
from ..items import DangdangItem

class DangSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = ‘dang‘
    allowed_domains = [‘category.dangdang.com‘]
    start_urls = [‘http://category.dangdang.com/cp01.01.04.00.00.00.html‘]

    # http://category.dangdang.com/cp01.01.04.00.00.00.html
    # http://category.dangdang.com/pg2-cp01.01.04.00.00.00.html
    # http://category.dangdang.com/pg3-cp01.01.04.00.00.00.html
    base_url = ‘http://category.dangdang.com/pg‘
    page = 1 

    def parse(self, response):
        #src //ul[@id="component_59"]/li/a/img/@data-original
        #price //ul[@id="component_59"]/li/p[@class="price"]/span[1]/text()
        #name //ul[@id="component_59"]/li/p[@class="name"]/a/text()
        # first_src = response.xpath(‘//ul[@id="component_59"]/li[@class="line1"]/a/img/@src‘).extract_first()
        # othor_list = response.xpath(‘//ul[@id="component_59"]/li/a/img/@data-original‘)
        # price_list = response.xpath(‘//ul[@id="component_59"]/li/p[@class="price"]/span[1]/text()‘)
        # name_list = response.xpath(‘//ul[@id="component_59"]/li/p[@class="name"]/a/text()‘)
        
        # print(len(first_src),len(othor_list),len(price_list),len(name_list)) 

        

        li_list = response.xpath(‘//ul[@id="component_59"]/li‘)
        first_src = response.xpath(‘//ul[@id="component_59"]/li[@class="line1"]/a/img/@src‘).extract_first()
        for li in li_list:
            src = li.xpath(‘./a/img/@data-original‘).extract_first()
            if src:
                src=src
            else:
                src=first_src    
            # 部分a标签 有其他标签，解决方案
            name = li.xpath(‘./p[@class="name"]/a‘).xpath(‘string()‘).extract_first()
            price = li.xpath(‘./p[@class="price"]/span[1]/text()‘).extract_first()
            print(src,name,price)

            dang = DangdangItem(src=src,name=name,price=price)

            # 迭代提取dang数据项
            yield dang
        
        if self.page < 80:
            self.page = self.page + 1
            url = self.base_url + str(self.page) + ‘-cp01.01.04.00.00.00.html‘
            print(‘00000000000000000‘)
            """
            这里能打印url但是没有回调函数没有执行去爬取下一个页面

            """
            print(url) 
            # 调用方法地址不用加圆括号,
            
            yield scrapy.Request(url=url,callback=self.parse)

pipelines.py

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don‘t forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html


# useful for handling different item types with a single interface
from itemadapter import ItemAdapter


class DangdangPipeline:

    def open_spider(self, spider):
        self.fp = open(‘dang.json‘,‘a‘,encoding=‘utf-8‘)
    # def __init__(self):
        # print(‘爬取管道开启一直打开‘)

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        # with open(‘dang.json‘,‘a‘,encoding=‘utf-8‘) as f:
        #     f.write(str(item))
        self.fp.write(str(item))
        return item

    # 在爬取结束之后执行该方法
    def close_spider(self, spider):
        self.fp.close()

        
import urllib.request

class DangdangImagePipeline(object):
    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        
        url = item[‘src‘]
        print("=========正在爬:{}======".format(item[‘name‘]))
        print(url)
        prefix = item[‘name‘][0:14]
        filename = ‘./img/‘ + prefix + ‘.jpg‘
        urllib.request.urlretrieve(url=url,filename=filename)

        return item



import pymysql
from scrapy.utils.project import get_project_settings

class DangMysqlPipeline(object):
    #  host=None, user=None, password=None
    #  database=None, port=0, charset=‘‘
    
    def open_spider(self,spider):
        settings = get_project_settings()
        self.conn = pymysql.Connect(host=settings[‘DB_HOST‘],
                        user=settings[‘DB_USER‘],
                        password=settings[‘DB_PASSWORD‘],
                        # 使用pymysql的时候，port必须是整数，charset必须是utf8没有‘-’
                        database=settings[‘DB_DATABASE‘],
                        port=settings[‘DB_PORT‘],
                        charset=settings[‘DB_CHARSET‘])

        # print(conn)

        # 游标cursor
        self.cursor = self.conn.cursor()
        
    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        # 验证数据管道是否能得到mysql基本参数:option="scrapy crawl read"
        # print(self.settings[‘DB_HOST‘], self.settings[‘DB_USER‘])
        # pymysql.Connect()  
        sql = ‘insert into dang(src,name,price) values ("{}","{}","{}")‘.format(item[‘src‘],item[‘name‘],item[‘price‘])
        self.cursor.execute(sql)  
        self.conn.commit()
        return item


    def close_spider(self, spider):
        self.cursor().close()
        # 迷之错误
        self.conn.close()

setttings.py

# Scrapy settings for dangdang project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
#     https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
#     https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#     https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

BOT_NAME = ‘dangdang‘

SPIDER_MODULES = [‘dangdang.spiders‘]
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = ‘dangdang.spiders‘


# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
USER_AGENT = ‘Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36‘

# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False

# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

# Override the default request headers:
DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
  ‘Accept‘: ‘text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8‘,
  ‘Accept-Language‘: ‘en‘,
  ‘User-Agent‘: ‘Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36‘,
  ‘Referer‘: ‘http://category.dangdang.com/‘,
}

# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    ‘dangdang.middlewares.DangdangSpiderMiddleware‘: 543,
#}

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    ‘dangdang.middlewares.DangdangDownloaderMiddleware‘: 543,
#}

# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
#    ‘scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole‘: None,
#}

# Configure item pipelines
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
   ‘dangdang.pipelines.DangdangPipeline‘: 300,
  # ‘dangdang.pipelines.DangMysqlPipeline‘: 300,
  #  ‘dangdang.pipelines.DangdangImagePipeline‘: 299,
}

# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = ‘httpcache‘
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = ‘scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage‘


#  database=None, port=0, charset=‘‘

DB_HOST=‘127.0.0.1‘
DB_USER=‘root‘
DB_PASSWORD=‘123456‘
DB_DATABASE=‘community‘
DB_PORT=3306
DB_CHARSET=‘utf8‘

scrapy爬取当当网整个悬疑类的书籍的src，name，img，mysql入库